Merge dev branch code named Fossa as next stable Mongoose

LICENSE

@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ Copyright (c) 2004-2013 Sergey Lyubka <valenok@gmail.com>
 Copyright (c) 2013-2015 Cesanta Software Limited
 All rights reserved
 
-This code is dual-licensed: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+This software is dual-licensed: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 published by the Free Software Foundation. For the terms of this
-license, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses>.
+license, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-You are free to use this code under the terms of the GNU General
+You are free to use this software under the terms of the GNU General
 Public License, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
 warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 See the GNU General Public License for more details.
 
-Alternatively, you can license this code under a commercial
-license, as set out in <http://cesanta.com/>.
+Alternatively, you can license this software under a commercial
+license, as set out in <https://www.cesanta.com/license>.

README.md

@@ -2,20 +2,23 @@
 
 [![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/cesanta/mongoose](https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg)](https://gitter.im/cesanta/mongoose?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
 
-Mongoose is an embedded HTTP and WebSocket library that can turn anything
-into a web server in 5 minutes by adding a few lines of C/C++ code.
-On the market since 2004 with over 1 million cumulative downloads,
-it's simplicity and flexibility has made it the top choice for
-embedded software engineers.
+![](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-GPL_2-green.svg "License")
 
-Mongoose Binary is built on top of Mongoose Library which is used to serve Web
-GUI on embedded devices, implement RESTful services, RPC frameworks (e.g.
-JSON-RPC), handle telemetry data exchange and perform many other tasks. You'll find
-it used across various industries including aerospace, manufacturing, finance,
-research, automotive, gaming, IT and many more.
+[Mongoose](https://www.cesanta.com/mongoose) is a
+multi-protocol networking library written in C.
+It provides easy to use event-driven interface that allows to implement
+network protocols or scalable network applications  with little effort.
+Mongoose helps developers to manage the complexity of network programming
+and let them concentrate on the logic, saving time and money.
 
-> "Nothing overdone. Nothing less. So unbelievably easy to use. Just how good
-> software should be!" - Pritin Tyagaraj, SAP
+Mongoose has built-in support for several protocols, like
+HTTP, Websocket, MQTT, mDNS. Example applications include
+Websocket-based chat server, JSON-RPC server,
+database server with RESTful API, MQTT broker, netcat with SSL and hexdump,
+Raspberry PI camera video feed + led control, and more.
+
+Mongoose is ideal for the embedded environments, it has been designed as
+an open source platform for connecting devices and bringing them online.
 
 [Download Mongoose Source Code here](http://hubs.ly/H0150FK0)
 
@@ -23,21 +26,31 @@ Are you an embedded developer? Working on an embedded task?
 Check out our [embedded development products](http://hubs.ly/H0150sY0)
 to make the right choice for your project.
 
-# Technical Specification
-
-- Works on Windows, Mac, UNIX/Linux, iPhone, Android eCos, QNX
-and many other platforms
-- CGI, SSI, SSL, Digest auth, Websocket, WEbDAV, Resumed download,
-  URL rewrite, file blacklist
-- Custom error pages, Virtual hosts, IP-based ACL, Windows service,
-  HTTP/HTTPS client
-- Simple and clean
-  [embedding API](https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose/blob/master/mongoose.h).
-  The source is in single
-  [mongoose.c](https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose/blob/master/mongoose.c) file
-  to make embedding easy
-- Extremely lightweight, has a core of under 40kB and tiny runtime footprint
-- Asynchronous, non-blocking core supporting single- or multi-threaded usage
+# Features
+
+* Cross-platform: works on Linux/UNIX, QNX, eCos, Windows, Android, iPhone, etc
+* Single-threaded, asynchronous, non-blocking core with simple event-based API
+* Builtin protocols:
+   - plain TCP, plain UDP, SSL/TLS (over TCP, one-way or two-way)
+   - HTTP client, HTTP server
+   - Websocket client, Websocket server
+   - JSON-RPC client, JSON-RPC server
+   - MQTT client, MQTT broker
+   - CoAP client, CoAP server
+   - DNS client, DNS server, async DNS resolver
+* Tiny static and run-time footprint
+* Source code is both ISO C and ISO C++ compliant
+* Very easy to integrate: just copy
+  [mongoose.c](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cesanta/mongoose/master/mongoose.c) and
+  [mongoose.h](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cesanta/mongoose/master/mongoose.h)
+  files to your build tree
+* Extensively tested and production-ready, trusted by many blue chip businesses
+
+# Examples & Documentation
+
+- [User Guide](https://docs.cesanta.com/mongoose) - Detailed User Guide and API reference
+- [examples](examples) - Collection of well-commented examples. To build any example,
+go into respective directory and type `make`
 
 # Dashboard Example
 
@@ -47,43 +60,17 @@ and many other platforms
 ](https://www.cesanta.com/contact)
 
 
+# Contributions
 
-# Licensing
-
-Cesanta made Mongoose open source under GPLv2 for a reason. We are all
-developers here and appreciate easy access to code and therefore seamless
-integration. It's great to be able to play around with the software before
-committing to it.
-
-However, the GPLv2 open source license does not permit incorporating the
-software into non-open source programs. In order to comply with GPLv2 licensing
-you need to open the source code of your end product fully or alternatively
-purchase a commercial license.
-
-[Enquire about commercial licensing here](https://www.cesanta.com/contact)
-
-# Documentation
-
-- [Embedding Guide](https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose/blob/master/docs/Embed.md)
-- [Config Options Reference](https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose/blob/master/docs/Options.md)
-- [API Reference](https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose/blob/master/docs/API.md)
-- [Android Build Tutorial](https://docs.cesanta.com/AndroidBuild.shtml)
-- [Release Notes](https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose/blob/master/docs/ReleaseNotes.md)
-
-# Mongoose Binary
-
-This is our easy to use web server for web developers (PHP, Ruby, Python, etc)
-and web designers. Available in three editions to suit your needs: free, pro
-(USD 5) and dev edition (from USD 8). To install, simply download, double-click
-to start and run browser - that's all!
-
-[Download Mongoose Binary here](https://www.cesanta.com/mongoose)
+People who have agreed to the
+[Cesanta CLA](https://docs.cesanta.com/contributors_la.shtml)
+can make contributions. Note that the CLA isn't a copyright
+_assigment_ but rather a copyright _license_.
+You retain the copyright on your contributions.
 
-# Other products by Cesanta
+# License
 
-- [Smart.js](https://github.com/cesanta/smart.js) - Generic, hardware independent, full-stack IoT software platform
-- [Fossa](http://github.com/cesanta/fossa) - Multi-protocol networking library
-- [V7](https://github.com/cesanta/v7) - Embedded JavaScript engine
-- [Frozen](https://github.com/cesanta/frozen) - JSON parser and generator
-- [SLRE](https://github.com/cesanta/slre) - Super Light Regular Expression
-  library
+Mongoose is released under
+[GNU GPL v.2](http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/gpl-2.0.html).
+Businesses have an option to get non-restrictive, royalty-free commercial
+license and professional support from [Cesanta](https://www.cesanta.com).

examples/Makefile

 # Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
 # All rights reserved
 
-SUBDIRS = $(sort $(filter-out csharp/, $(dir $(wildcard */))))
+SUBDIRS = $(sort $(dir $(wildcard */)))
 X = $(SUBDIRS)
-ifdef WINDIR
-    # appending the Winsock2 library at the end of the compiler
-	# invocation
-    CFLAGS_EXTRA += -lws2_32
-endif
 
 .PHONY: $(SUBDIRS)
 
 all: $(SUBDIRS)
 
 $(SUBDIRS):
-	@$(MAKE) CFLAGS_EXTRA="$(CFLAGS_EXTRA)" -C $@
+	@$(MAKE) -C $@
 
 clean:
 	for d in $(SUBDIRS) ; do $(MAKE) -C $$d clean ; done

examples/api_server/Makefile

+PROG = api_server
+SOURCES = $(PROG).c sqlite3.c db_plugin_sqlite.c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -pthread $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+
+ifeq ($(OS), Windows_NT)
+else
+  UNAME_S := $(shell uname -s)
+  ifeq ($(UNAME_S), Linux)
+    CFLAGS += -ldl -lm
+  endif
+endif
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I.. /MD /Fe$@
+
+test: $(PROG)
+	sh unit_test.sh $$(pwd)/$(PROG)
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/api_server/api_server.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ */
+
+#include "db_plugin.h"
+
+static const char *s_http_port = "8000";
+static struct mg_serve_http_opts s_http_server_opts;
+static int s_sig_num = 0;
+static void *s_db_handle = NULL;
+static const char *s_db_path = "api_server.db";
+static const struct mg_str s_get_method = NS_STR("GET");
+static const struct mg_str s_put_method = NS_STR("PUT");
+static const struct mg_str s_delele_method = NS_STR("DELETE");
+
+static void signal_handler(int sig_num) {
+  signal(sig_num, signal_handler);
+  s_sig_num = sig_num;
+}
+
+static int has_prefix(const struct mg_str *uri, const struct mg_str *prefix) {
+  return uri->len > prefix->len && memcmp(uri->p, prefix->p, prefix->len) == 0;
+}
+
+static int is_equal(const struct mg_str *s1, const struct mg_str *s2) {
+  return s1->len == s2->len && memcmp(s1->p, s2->p, s2->len) == 0;
+}
+
+static void ev_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *ev_data) {
+  static const struct mg_str api_prefix = NS_STR("/api/v1");
+  struct http_message *hm = (struct http_message *) ev_data;
+  struct mg_str key;
+
+  switch (ev) {
+    case NS_HTTP_REQUEST:
+      if (has_prefix(&hm->uri, &api_prefix)) {
+        key.p = hm->uri.p + api_prefix.len;
+        key.len = hm->uri.len - api_prefix.len;
+        if (is_equal(&hm->method, &s_get_method)) {
+          db_op(nc, hm, &key, s_db_handle, API_OP_GET);
+        } else if (is_equal(&hm->method, &s_put_method)) {
+          db_op(nc, hm, &key, s_db_handle, API_OP_SET);
+        } else if (is_equal(&hm->method, &s_delele_method)) {
+          db_op(nc, hm, &key, s_db_handle, API_OP_DEL);
+        } else {
+          mg_printf(nc, "%s",
+                    "HTTP/1.0 501 Not Implemented\r\n"
+                    "Content-Length: 0\r\n\r\n");
+        }
+      } else {
+        mg_serve_http(nc, hm, s_http_server_opts); /* Serve static content */
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  struct mg_connection *nc;
+  int i;
+
+  /* Open listening socket */
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+  nc = mg_bind(&mgr, s_http_port, ev_handler);
+  mg_set_protocol_http_websocket(nc);
+  s_http_server_opts.document_root = "web_root";
+
+  /* Parse command line arguments */
+  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+    if (strcmp(argv[i], "-D") == 0) {
+      mgr.hexdump_file = argv[++i];
+    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-f") == 0) {
+      s_db_path = argv[++i];
+    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-r") == 0) {
+      s_http_server_opts.document_root = argv[++i];
+    }
+  }
+
+  signal(SIGINT, signal_handler);
+  signal(SIGTERM, signal_handler);
+
+  /* Open database */
+  if ((s_db_handle = db_open(s_db_path)) == NULL) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open DB [%s]\n", s_db_path);
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+
+  /* Run event loop until signal is received */
+  printf("Starting RESTful server on port %s\n", s_http_port);
+  while (s_sig_num == 0) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1000);
+  }
+
+  /* Cleanup */
+  mg_mgr_free(&mgr);
+  db_close(&s_db_handle);
+
+  printf("Exiting on signal %d\n", s_sig_num);
+
+  return 0;
+}

examples/api_server/db_plugin.h

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ */
+
+#ifndef DB_PLUGIN_HEADER_DEFINED
+#define DB_PLUGIN_HEADER_DEFINED
+
+#include "../../mongoose.h"
+
+void *db_open(const char *db_path);
+void db_close(void **db_handle);
+
+enum { API_OP_GET, API_OP_SET, API_OP_DEL };
+
+void db_op(struct mg_connection *nc, const struct http_message *hm,
+           const struct mg_str *key, void *db, int op);
+
+#endif /* DB_PLUGIN_HEADER_DEFINED */

examples/api_server/db_plugin_sqlite.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ */
+
+#include "db_plugin.h"
+#include "sqlite3.h"
+
+void *db_open(const char *db_path) {
+  sqlite3 *db = NULL;
+  if (sqlite3_open_v2(db_path, &db, SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE |
+      SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE | SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX, NULL) == SQLITE_OK) {
+    sqlite3_exec(db, "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS kv(key PRIMARY KEY, val);",
+                 0, 0, 0);
+  }
+  return db;
+}
+
+void db_close(void **db_handle) {
+  if (db_handle != NULL && *db_handle != NULL) {
+    sqlite3_close(*db_handle);
+    *db_handle = NULL;
+  }
+}
+
+static void op_set(struct mg_connection *nc, const struct http_message *hm,
+                   const struct mg_str *key, void *db) {
+  sqlite3_stmt *stmt = NULL;
+  char value[200];
+  const struct mg_str *body = hm->query_string.len > 0 ?
+    &hm->query_string : &hm->body;
+
+  mg_get_http_var(body, "value", value, sizeof(value));
+  if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, "INSERT OR REPLACE INTO kv VALUES (?, ?);",
+      -1, &stmt, NULL) == SQLITE_OK) {
+    sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 1, key->p, key->len, SQLITE_STATIC);
+    sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 2, value, strlen(value), SQLITE_STATIC);
+    sqlite3_step(stmt);
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+  }
+  mg_printf(nc, "%s", "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n");
+}
+
+static void op_get(struct mg_connection *nc, const struct http_message *hm,
+                   const struct mg_str *key, void *db) {
+  sqlite3_stmt *stmt = NULL;
+  const char *data = NULL;
+  int result;
+  (void) hm;
+
+  if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, "SELECT val FROM kv WHERE key = ?;",
+      -1, &stmt, NULL) == SQLITE_OK) {
+    sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 1, key->p, key->len, SQLITE_STATIC);
+    result = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+    data = (char *) sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 0);
+    if ((result == SQLITE_OK || result == SQLITE_ROW) && data != NULL) {
+      mg_printf(nc, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
+                "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n"
+                "Content-Length: %d\r\n\r\n%s",
+                (int) strlen(data), data);
+    } else {
+      mg_printf(nc, "%s", "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"
+                "Content-Length: 0\r\n\r\n");
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+  } else {
+    mg_printf(nc, "%s", "HTTP/1.1 500 Server Error\r\n"
+              "Content-Length: 0\r\n\r\n");
+  }
+}
+
+static void op_del(struct mg_connection *nc, const struct http_message *hm,
+                   const struct mg_str *key, void *db) {
+  sqlite3_stmt *stmt = NULL;
+  int result;
+  (void) hm;
+
+  if (sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, "DELETE FROM kv WHERE key = ?;",
+      -1, &stmt, NULL) == SQLITE_OK) {
+    sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, 1, key->p, key->len, SQLITE_STATIC);
+    result = sqlite3_step(stmt);
+    if (result == SQLITE_OK || result == SQLITE_ROW) {
+      mg_printf(nc, "%s", "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n\r\n");
+    } else {
+      mg_printf(nc, "%s", "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n"
+                "Content-Length: 0\r\n\r\n");
+    }
+    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);
+  } else {
+    mg_printf(nc, "%s", "HTTP/1.1 500 Server Error\r\n"
+              "Content-Length: 0\r\n\r\n");
+  }
+}
+
+void db_op(struct mg_connection *nc, const struct http_message *hm,
+           const struct mg_str *key, void *db, int op) {
+  switch (op) {
+    case API_OP_GET: op_get(nc, hm, key, db); break;
+    case API_OP_SET: op_set(nc, hm, key, db); break;
+    case API_OP_DEL: op_del(nc, hm, key, db); break;
+    default:
+      mg_printf(nc, "%s", "HTTP/1.0 501 Not Implemented\r\n"
+                "Content-Length: 0\r\n\r\n");
+      break;
+  }
+}
+

examples/api_server/unit_test.sh

+#!/bin/sh
+
+PROG=$1
+PORT=${2:-8000}  # If second param is given, this is load balancer port
+DB_FILE=/tmp/_$$.db
+URL=http://127.0.0.1:$PORT/api/v1
+
+cleanup() {
+  rm -rf $DB_FILE
+  kill -9 $PID >/dev/null 2>&1
+}
+
+#set -x
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+cleanup
+$PROG -f $DB_FILE &
+PID=$!
+
+#sleep 1
+curl -s -X PUT -d 'value=123' $URL/foo
+curl -s -X PUT -d 'value=success' $URL/bar/baz
+
+# Fetch existing key
+RESULT=$(curl -s $URL/bar/baz)
+test "$RESULT" = "success" || exit 1
+
+# Delete it
+curl -s -X DELETE $URL/bar/baz
+
+# Make sure it's deleted - GET must result in 404
+RESULT=$(curl -s -i $URL/bar/baz | head -1 | tr -d '\r')
+test "$RESULT" = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found" || exit 1
+
+exit 0

examples/cookie_authentication/index.html → examples/api_server/web_root/index.html

@@ -2,32 +2,37 @@
 <html lang="en">
 <head>
   <meta charset="utf-8" />
-  <title>WebSocket Test</title>
+  <title>RESTful API demo</title>
   <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
   <style type="text/css">
+    * { outline: none; }
     body {
-      background-color: #cde; margin: 0;
-      padding: 0; font: 14px Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+      background-color: #789; margin: 0;
+      padding: 0; font: 16px/1.4 Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+      font: 16px/1.4 Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
     }
-    * { outline: none; }
     div.content {
       width: 800px; margin: 2em auto; padding: 20px 50px;
       background-color: #fff; border-radius: 1em;
     }
     label { display: inline-block; min-width: 7em; }
-    input { border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 0.4em; margin: 0 0 10px 0; }
+    input { border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 0.2em; }
     a:link, a:visited { color: #69c; text-decoration: none; }
     @media (max-width: 700px) {
       body { background-color: #fff; }
-      div.content {
-        width: auto; margin: 0 auto; border-radius: 0; padding: 1em;
-      }
+      div.content { width: auto; margin: 0 auto; padding: 1em; }
     }
 </style>
 
+<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
+<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
+  jQuery(function() {
+  });
+</script>
+</head>
 <body>
   <div class="content">
-    <h1>Mongoose Cookie Base Authentication</h1>
-    <p>This is an index page. Authentication succeeded.</p>
+    <h1>API server</h1>
+  </div>
 </body>
-</html>
\ No newline at end of file
+</html>

examples/arduino_restful_client/Makefile

+# This "makefile" is only intended to prevent errors during main makefile execution
+all:

examples/arduino_restful_client/README.md

+# Arduino Restful Client
+
+This example demonstrates how to use [Mongoose](https://www.cesanta.com/mongoose) to send HTTP commands from Arduino.
+
+Example sends free memory size and current board uptime, but it can be modified to send any user-specific data.
+
+At the moment this example supports [Arduino Mega 2560](http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardMega2560) board (and compatible) with either W5100-based
+network shield (like [Arduino Ethernet Shield](http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoEthernetShield)) or [CC3000](http://www.ti.com/product/cc3000)-based WIFI Shield.
+
+## Build and run instructions:
+
+###To run with Arduino Ethernet (W5100) shield:
+1. Add (Sketch->Add file...) the following files to sketch:
+     - /mongoose/mongoose.h
+     - /mongoose/mongoose.c
+     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.h
+     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.cpp
+3. Buils and start (in console) /Users/alex/Projects/mongoose/examples/restful_server example
+4. Make `board_ip` and `board_mac` variables suitable for your network and board
+5. Change IP address in `s_target_address` variable to IP address of host running restful_server
+6. Uncomment line `#include <Ethernet.h>`
+7. Compile and flash sketch
+8. restful_server will start to show current uptime and free memory size (with 5 seconds interval)
+
+###To run with Adafruit WiFi (CC3000) shield:
+1. Add (Sketch->Add files...) the following files to sketch:
+     - /mongoose/mongoose.h
+     - /mongoose/mongoose.c
+     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.h
+     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.cpp
+2. Import Adafruit CC3000 library for mongoose
+    (select Sketch->Import Library...->Add library... and point
+     /mongoose/platforms/arduino_wifi_CC3000/adafruit_CC3000_lib_mongoose folder)
+3. Buils and start (in console) /Users/alex/Projects/mongoose/examples/restful_server example
+4. Make the following variables suitable for your network
+     - `board_ip`
+     - `subnet_mask`
+     - `gateway`
+     - `dns`
+     - `wlan_ssid`
+     - `wlan_pwd`
+     - `wlan_security`
+5. Change IP address in `s_target_address` variable to IP address of host running restful_server
+6. Uncomment line `#include <Adafruit_CC3000.h>`
+8. Compile and flash sketch
+9. restful_server will start to show current uptime and free memory size (with 5 seconds interval)

examples/arduino_restful_client/arduino_restful_client.ino

+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ * 
+ * Build and run instructions:
+ * To run with Arduino Ethernet (W5100) shield:
+ * -----------------------------------------------------------
+ *  1. Add (Sketch->Add file...) the following files to sketch:
+ *     - /mongoose/mongoose.h
+ *     - /mongoose/mongoose.c
+ *     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.h
+ *     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.cpp
+ *  2. Buils and run in console /Users/alex/Projects/mongoose/examples/restful_server example
+ *  3. Make board_ip and board_mac variables suitable for your network and board
+ *  4. Uncomment line #include <Ethernet.h>
+ *  5. Change IP address in s_target_address variable to IP address of host running restful_server
+ *  6. Compile & flash sketch
+ *  7. restful_server server will start to show current uptime and free memory size (with 5 second interval) 
+ *
+ * To run with Adafruit WiFi (CC3000) shield:
+ * -----------------------------------------------------------
+ *  1. Add (Sketch->Add files...) the following files to sketch:
+ *     - /mongoose/mongoose.h
+ *     - /mongoose/mongoose.c
+ *     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.h
+ *     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.cpp
+ *  2. Import Adafruit CC3000 library for mongoose (select Sketch->Import Library...->Add library... and point 
+ *     /mongoose/platforms/arduino_wifi_CC3000/adafruit_CC3000_lib_mongoose folder
+ *  3. Buils and run in console /Users/alex/Projects/mongoose/examples/restful_server example
+ *  4. Make the following variables suitable for your network
+ *     - board_ip
+ *     - subnet_mask
+ *     - gateway
+ *     - dns 
+ *     - wlan_ssid
+ *     - wlan_pwd
+ *     - wlan_security
+ *  5. Uncomment line #include <Adafruit_CC3000.h>
+ *  6. Compile & flash sketch
+ *  7. restful_server server will start to show current uptime and free memory size (with 5 second interval) *
+ *
+ */
+
+ 
+//#include <Ethernet.h>
+//#include <Adafruit_CC3000.h>
+#include <SPI.h>
+#include "mongoose.h"
+
+// CHANGE THESE VARIABLES
+// NB: Devices with the same address must not end up on the same network.
+// Use MAC address provided by device manufacturer (e.g. on a sticker).
+// If there isn't one, use a random one from the locally administered range.
+// See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address for details.
+static uint8_t board_mac[] = {
+  0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED
+};
+static uint8_t board_ip[] = {192, 168, 10, 177};
+
+#ifdef WIFI_CC3000
+static uint8_t subnet_mask[] = {255, 255, 255, 0};
+static uint8_t gateway[] = {192, 168, 10, 254};
+static uint8_t dmg_ip[] = {192, 168, 10, 254};
+
+static const char *wlan_ssid = "mynetwork";     
+static const char *wlan_pwd = "mypassword";
+static int wlan_security = WLAN_SEC_WPA2;
+#endif
+
+static const char *s_target_address = "192.168.10.3:8000";
+
+/////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+static const char *s_request = "/printcontent";
+
+static uint32_t IP2U32(uint8_t* iparr) {
+  return ((uint32_t)iparr[0] << 24) | ((uint32_t)iparr[1] << 16) | (iparr[2] << 8) | (iparr[3]);
+}
+
+static int get_data_to_send(char* buf, int buf_size) {
+  // Adding data to send
+  // It could be any sensor data, now just put uptime & free memory size here
+  return snprintf(buf, buf_size, "Uptime: %lus Free memory: %db",
+                  millis()/1000, get_freememsize());
+}
+static void rfc_ev_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *ev_data) {
+  int connect_status;
+
+  switch (ev) {
+    case NS_CONNECT:
+      connect_status = * (int *) ev_data;
+
+      if (connect_status == 0) {
+        char buf[100];
+        int len = get_data_to_send(buf, sizeof(buf));
+        mg_printf(nc, "POST %s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\nContent-Lenght: %d"
+                  "\r\n\r\n%s", s_request, s_target_address, len, buf);
+        nc->flags |= NSF_SEND_AND_CLOSE;
+      } else {
+        nc->flags |= NSF_CLOSE_IMMEDIATELY;
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+static struct mg_mgr mgr;
+static struct mg_connection *nc;
+
+void setup()
+{
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  Serial.println("Initialization...");
+#if defined(ETHERNET_W5100)
+  avr_netinit(board_mac, board_ip);
+#elif defined(WIFI_CC3000)
+  if (avr_netinit(wlan_ssid, wlan_pwd, wlan_security, IP2U32(board_ip), 
+              IP2U32(subnet_mask), IP2U32(gateway), IP2U32(dmg_ip)) != 0) {
+    Serial.println("Initialization error, check network settings");
+    return;
+  };
+#endif
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+  Serial.println("Initialization done");  
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  nc = mg_connect(&mgr, s_target_address, rfc_ev_handler);
+  if (nc != NULL) {
+    mg_set_protocol_http_websocket(nc);
+  }
+
+  uint32_t time_to_finish = millis() + 5000;
+  while (millis() < time_to_finish) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1000);  
+  }
+}
+

examples/arduino_restful_server/Makefile

+# This "makefile" is only intended to prevent errors during main makefile execution
+all:

examples/arduino_restful_server/README.md

+# Arduino Restful Server
+
+This example demonstrates how to use [Mongoose](https://www.cesanta.com/mongoose) to control Arduino
+using HTTP requests.
+Example just blinks by LED when Mongoose receives HTTP command, but it can be modified to execute any user-specific code.
+
+At the moment this example supports [Arduino Mega 2560](http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardMega2560) board (and compatible) with either W5100-based
+network shield (like [Arduino Ethernet Shield](http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoEthernetShield)) or [CC3000](http://www.ti.com/product/cc3000)-based WIFI Shield.
+
+## Build and run instructions:
+
+###To run with Arduino Ethernet (W5100) shield:
+1. Add (Sketch->Add file...) the following files to sketch:
+     - /mongoose/mongoose.h
+     - /mongoose/mongoose.c
+     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.h
+     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.cpp
+2. Make `board_ip` and `board_mac` variables suitable for your network and board
+3. Uncomment line `#include <Ethernet.h>`
+4. Compile and flash sketch
+5. Run `curl http://<board_ip/blink`
+   LED attached to PIN 13 will blink and board free memory size and board uptime will be displayed.
+
+
+###To run with Adafruit WiFi (CC3000) shield:
+1. Add (Sketch->Add files...) the following files to sketch:
+     - /mongoose/mongoose.h
+     - /mongoose/mongoose.c
+     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.h
+     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.cpp
+2. Import Adafruit CC3000 library for mongoose
+    (select Sketch->Import Library...->Add library... and point
+     /mongoose/platforms/arduino_wifi_CC3000/adafruit_CC3000_lib_mongoose folder)
+3. Make the following variables suitable for your network
+     - `board_ip`
+     - `subnet_mask`
+     - `gateway`
+     - `dns`
+     - `wlan_ssid`
+     - `wlan_pwd`
+     - `wlan_security`
+5. Uncomment line `#include <Adafruit_CC3000.h>`
+4. Compile and flash sketch
+5. Run curl `http://<board_ip/blink`
+   LED attached to PIN 13 will blink and board free memory size and board uptime will be displayed.

examples/arduino_restful_server/arduino_restful_server.ino

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ * 
+ * Build and run instructions:
+ * To run with Arduino Ethernet (W5100) shield:
+ * -----------------------------------------------------------
+ *  1. Add (Sketch->Add file...) the following files to sketch:
+ *     - /mongoose/mongoose.h
+ *     - /mongoose/mongoose.c
+ *     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.h
+ *     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.cpp
+ *  2. Make board_ip and board_mac variables suitable for your network and board
+ *  3. Uncomment line #include <Ethernet.h>
+ *  4. Compile & flash sketch
+ *  5. Run curl http://<board_ip/blink
+ *     LED attached to PIN 13 will blink and board free memory size and uptime will responsed
+ *
+ * To run with Adafruit WiFi (CC3000) shield:
+ * -----------------------------------------------------------
+ *  1. Add (Sketch->Add files...) the following files to sketch:
+ *     - /mongoose/mongoose.h
+ *     - /mongoose/mongoose.c
+ *     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.h
+ *     - /mongoose/platforms/arduino_ethernet_W5100/avrsupport.cpp
+ *  2. Import Adafruit CC3000 library for mongoose (select Sketch->Import Library...->Add library... and point 
+ *     /mongoose/platforms/arduino_wifi_CC3000/adafruit_CC3000_lib_mongoose folder
+ *  3. Make the following variables suitable for your network
+ *     - board_ip
+ *     - subnet_mask
+ *     - gateway
+ *     - dns 
+ *     - wlan_ssid
+ *     - wlan_pwd
+ *     - wlan_security
+ *  5. Uncomment line #include <Adafruit_CC3000.h>
+ *  4. Compile & flash sketch
+ *  5. Run curl http://<board_ip/blink
+ *     LED attached to PIN 13 will blink and board free memory size and uptime will responsed
+ *
+ */
+
+//#include <Ethernet.h>
+//#include <Adafruit_CC3000.h>
+#include <SPI.h>
+#include "mongoose.h"
+
+// CHANGE THESE VARIABLES
+// NB: Devices with the same address must not end up on the same network.
+// Use MAC address provided by device manufacturer (e.g. on a sticker).
+// If there isn't one, use a random one from the locally administered range.
+// See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address for details.
+static uint8_t board_mac[] = {
+  0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED
+};
+
+static uint8_t board_ip[] = {192, 168, 10, 8};
+
+#ifdef WIFI_CC3000
+static uint8_t subnet_mask[] = {255, 255, 255, 0};
+static uint8_t gateway[] = {192, 168, 10, 254};
+static uint8_t dmg_ip[] = {192, 168, 10, 254};
+
+static const char *wlan_ssid = "mynetwork";     
+static const char *wlan_pwd = "mypassword";
+static int wlan_security = WLAN_SEC_WPA2;
+#endif
+
+///////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+static const char *s_http_port = "60000";
+
+static uint32_t IP2U32(uint8_t* iparr) {
+  return ((uint32_t)iparr[0] << 24) | ((uint32_t)iparr[1] << 16) | (iparr[2] << 8) | (iparr[3]);
+}
+
+static void rfs_ev_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *ev_data) {
+  struct http_message *hm = (struct http_message *) ev_data;
+  char buf[100];
+  int clen;
+
+  switch (ev) {
+    case NS_HTTP_REQUEST:      
+      if (mg_vcmp(&hm->uri, "/blink") == 0) {
+        blink(1, 500);
+      }
+
+      clen = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
+                      "Free memory size: %d Uptime: %d",
+                      (int)get_freememsize(), (int)time(NULL));
+
+      mg_printf_http_chunk(nc, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
+                               "Content-Length: %d\r\n"
+                               "Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r\n\r\n"
+                               "%s",
+                               clen, buf);
+
+      mg_send_http_chunk(nc, "", 0);
+      break;
+    case NS_SEND:
+      nc->flags |= NSF_CLOSE_IMMEDIATELY;
+      break;
+      
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+static struct mg_connection *nc;
+static struct mg_mgr mgr;
+
+void setup() {
+  Serial.begin(9600);
+  Serial.println("Initialization...");
+#if defined(ETHERNET_W5100)
+  avr_netinit(board_mac, board_ip);
+#elif defined(WIFI_CC3000)
+  if (avr_netinit(wlan_ssid, wlan_pwd, wlan_security, IP2U32(board_ip), 
+              IP2U32(subnet_mask), IP2U32(gateway), IP2U32(dmg_ip)) != 0) {
+    Serial.println("Initialization error, check network settings");
+    return;
+  };
+#endif
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+  nc = mg_bind(&mgr, s_http_port, rfs_ev_handler);
+  mg_set_protocol_http_websocket(nc);
+  Serial.println("Initialization done");
+}
+
+void loop() {
+  mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1000);
+}

examples/array_vars/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
-PROG = array_vars
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -g -O0 $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
-SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
-
-all: $(PROG)
-
-run: $(PROG)
-	./$(PROG)
-
-$(PROG): $(SOURCES) Makefile
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
-
-win:
-	wine cl $(SOURCES) /MD /nologo /DNDEBUG /O1 /I../.. /Fe$(PROG).exe
-	wine $(PROG).exe
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp .*o *.lib *.gc*

examples/array_vars/array_vars.c

-// Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-// All rights reserved
-//
-// This example demostrates how to use array get variables using mg_get_n_var
-// $Date: 2014-09-09 22:20:23 UTC $
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include "mongoose.h"
-
-static int ev_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-  switch (ev) {
-    case MG_AUTH: return MG_TRUE;
-    case MG_REQUEST:
-    {
-      mg_printf_data(conn, "Hello! Requested URI is [%s] ", conn->uri);
-      char buffer[1024];
-      int i, ret;
-      for(i=0; (ret = mg_get_var_n(conn, "foo[]", buffer, 1024, i)) > 0; i++)
-        mg_printf_data(conn, "\nfoo[%d] = %s", i, buffer);
-
-      return MG_TRUE;
-    }
-    default: return MG_FALSE;
-  }
-}
-
-int main(void) {
-  struct mg_server *server;
-
-  // Create and configure the server
-  server = mg_create_server(NULL, ev_handler);
-  mg_set_option(server, "listening_port", "8080");
-
-  // Serve request. Hit Ctrl-C to terminate the program
-  printf("Starting on port %s\n", mg_get_option(server, "listening_port"));
-  for (;;) {
-    mg_poll_server(server, 1000);
-  }
-
-  // Cleanup, and free server instance
-  mg_destroy_server(&server);
-
-  return 0;
-}

examples/big_upload/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
-PROG = big_upload
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -pthread -I../.. -g -O0 $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
-SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
-
-$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp .*o *.lib

examples/big_upload/big_upload.c

-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include "mongoose.h"
-
-static int handle_request(struct mg_connection *conn) {
-  if (strcmp(conn->uri, "/upload") == 0) {
-    FILE *fp = (FILE *) conn->connection_param;
-    if (fp != NULL) {
-      fwrite(conn->content, 1, conn->content_len, fp); // Write last bits
-      mg_printf(conn, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
-                "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n"
-                "Connection: close\r\n\r\n"
-                "Written %ld of POST data to a temp file:\n\n",
-                (long) ftell(fp));
-
-      // Temp file will be destroyed after fclose(), do something with the
-      // data here -- for example, parse it and extract uploaded files.
-      // As an example, we just echo the whole POST buffer back to the client.
-      rewind(fp);
-      mg_send_file_data(conn, fileno(fp));
-      return MG_MORE;  // Tell Mongoose reply is not completed yet
-    } else {
-      mg_printf_data(conn, "%s", "Had no data to write...");
-      return MG_TRUE; // Tell Mongoose we're done with this request
-    }
-  } else {
-    mg_printf_data(conn, "%s",
-                   "<html><body>Upload example."
-                   "<form method=\"POST\" action=\"/upload\" "
-                   "  enctype=\"multipart/form-data\">"
-                   "<input type=\"file\" name=\"file\" /> <br/>"
-                   "<input type=\"submit\" value=\"Upload\" />"
-                   "</form></body></html>");
-    return MG_TRUE;   // Tell mongoose to close this connection
-  }
-}
-
-// Mongoose sends MG_RECV for every received POST chunk.
-// When last POST chunk is received, Mongoose sends MG_REQUEST, then MG_CLOSE.
-static int handle_recv(struct mg_connection *conn) {
-  FILE *fp = (FILE *) conn->connection_param;
-
-  // Open temporary file where we going to write data
-  if (fp == NULL && ((conn->connection_param = fp = tmpfile())) == NULL) {
-    return -1;  // Close connection on error
-  }
-
-  // Return number of bytes written to a temporary file: that is how many
-  // bytes we want to discard from the receive buffer
-  return fwrite(conn->content, 1, conn->content_len, fp);
-}
-
-// Make sure we free all allocated resources
-static int handle_close(struct mg_connection *conn) {
-  if (conn->connection_param != NULL) {
-    fclose((FILE *) conn->connection_param);
-    conn->connection_param = NULL;
-  }
-  return MG_TRUE;
-}
-
-static int ev_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-  switch (ev) {
-    case MG_AUTH:     return MG_TRUE;
-    case MG_REQUEST:  return handle_request(conn);
-    case MG_RECV:     return handle_recv(conn);
-    case MG_CLOSE:    return handle_close(conn);
-    default:          return MG_FALSE;
-  }
-}
-
-int main(void) {
-  struct mg_server *server = mg_create_server(NULL, ev_handler);
-  mg_set_option(server, "listening_port", "8080");
-  printf("Starting on port %s\n", mg_get_option(server, "listening_port"));
-
-  for (;;) {
-    mg_poll_server(server, 1000);
-  }
-
-  mg_destroy_server(&server);
-  return 0;
-}

examples/captive_dns_server/Makefile

+PROG = captive_dns_server
+MODULE_CFLAGS=-DNS_ENABLE_DNS_SERVER
+
+include ../rules.mk

examples/captive_dns_server/captive_dns_server.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Try it out with:
+ * $ dig -t A www.google.com -4 @localhost -p 5533
+ */
+
+#include "../../mongoose.h"
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+static int s_exit_flag = 0;
+static in_addr_t s_our_ip_addr;
+static const char *s_listening_addr = "udp://:5533";
+
+static void ev_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *ev_data) {
+  struct mg_dmg_message *msg;
+  struct mg_dmg_resource_record *rr;
+  struct mg_dmg_reply reply;
+  int i;
+
+  switch (ev) {
+    case NS_DNS_MESSAGE:
+      msg = (struct mg_dmg_message *) ev_data;
+      reply = mg_dmg_create_reply(&nc->send_mbuf, msg);
+
+      for (i = 0; i < msg->num_questions; i++) {
+        rr = &msg->questions[i];
+        if (rr->rtype == NS_DNS_A_RECORD) {
+          mg_dmg_reply_record(&reply, rr, NULL, rr->rtype, 3600,
+                              &s_our_ip_addr, 4);
+        }
+      }
+
+      /*
+       * We don't set the error flag even if there were no answers
+       * maching the NS_DNS_A_RECORD query type.
+       * This indicates that we have (syntetic) answers for NS_DNS_A_RECORD.
+       * See http://goo.gl/QWvufr for a distinction between NXDOMAIN and NODATA.
+       */
+
+      mg_dmg_send_reply(nc, &reply);
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  struct mg_connection *nc;
+  int i;
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+  s_our_ip_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
+
+  /* Parse command line arguments */
+  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+    if (strcmp(argv[i], "-D") == 0) {
+      mgr.hexdump_file = argv[++i];
+    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-l") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
+      s_listening_addr = argv[++i];
+    } else {
+      s_our_ip_addr = inet_addr(argv[i]);
+    }
+  }
+
+  fprintf(stderr, "Listening on '%s'\n", s_listening_addr);
+  if ((nc = mg_bind(&mgr, s_listening_addr, ev_handler)) == NULL) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "cannot bind to socket\n");
+    exit(1);
+  }
+  mg_set_protocol_dns(nc);
+
+  while (s_exit_flag == 0) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1000);
+  }
+  mg_mgr_free(&mgr);
+
+  return 0;
+}

examples/coap_client/Makefile

+PROG = coap_client
+SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. $(CFLAGS_EXTRA) -DNS_ENABLE_COAP
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I../.. /MD /Fe$@
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/coap_client/coap_client.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This program sends CoAP CON-message to server (coap.me by default) 
+ * and waits for answer.
+ */
+
+#include "mongoose.h"
+
+static int s_time_to_exit = 0;
+static char* s_default_address = "udp://coap.me:5683";
+
+static void coap_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *p) {
+  switch (ev) {
+    case NS_CONNECT: {
+      struct mg_coap_message cm;
+      uint32_t res;
+
+      memset(&cm, 0, sizeof(cm));
+      cm.msg_id = 1;
+      cm.msg_type = NS_COAP_MSG_CON;
+      printf("Sending CON...\n");
+      res = mg_coap_send_message(nc, &cm);
+      if (res == 0) {
+        printf("Sent CON with msg_id = %d\n", cm.msg_id);
+      } else {
+        printf("Error: %d\n", res);
+        s_time_to_exit = 1;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case NS_COAP_ACK:
+    case NS_COAP_RST:  {
+      struct mg_coap_message *cm = (struct mg_coap_message *)p;
+      printf("ACK/RST for message with msg_id = %d received\n",
+             cm->msg_id);
+      s_time_to_exit = 1;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  struct mg_connection *nc;
+  char *address = s_default_address;
+
+  if (argc > 1) {
+    address = argv[1];
+  }
+
+  printf("Using %s as CoAP server\n", address); 
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, 0);
+
+  nc = mg_connect(&mgr, address, coap_handler);
+  if (nc == NULL) {
+    printf("Unable to connect to %s\n", address);
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  mg_set_protocol_coap(nc);
+
+  while (!s_time_to_exit) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1);
+  }
+
+  mg_mgr_free(&mgr);
+  
+  return 0;
+}

examples/coap_server/Makefile

+PROG = coap_server
+SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. $(CFLAGS_EXTRA) -DNS_ENABLE_COAP
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I../.. /MD /Fe$@
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/coap_server/coap_server.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This program listens on 5683 for CoAP messages, 
+ * sends ACK is nessesary and dump everything received.
+ * It is possible to use ../coap_client to send message.
+ */
+
+#include "mongoose.h"
+
+static char* s_default_address = "udp://:5683";
+static int s_sig_received = 0;
+
+static void signal_handler(int sig_num) {
+  signal(sig_num, signal_handler); 
+  s_sig_received = sig_num;
+}
+
+static void coap_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *p) {
+  switch (ev) {
+    case NS_COAP_CON: {
+      uint32_t res;
+      struct mg_coap_message *cm = (struct mg_coap_message *)p;
+      printf("CON with msg_id = %d received\n", cm->msg_id);
+      res = mg_coap_send_ack(nc, cm->msg_id);
+      if (res == 0) {
+        printf("Successfully sent ACK for message with msg_id = %d\n",
+               cm->msg_id);
+      } else {
+        printf("Error: %d\n", res);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case NS_COAP_NOC:
+    case NS_COAP_ACK:
+    case NS_COAP_RST:  {
+      struct mg_coap_message *cm = (struct mg_coap_message *)p;
+      printf("ACK/RST/NOC with msg_id = %d received\n",
+             cm->msg_id);
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+int main() {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  struct mg_connection *nc;
+
+  signal(SIGTERM, signal_handler);
+  signal(SIGINT, signal_handler);
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, 0);
+
+  nc = mg_bind(&mgr, s_default_address, coap_handler);
+  if (nc == NULL) {
+    printf("Unable to start listener at %s\n", s_default_address);
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  printf("Listening for CoAP messages at %s\n", s_default_address); 
+
+  mg_set_protocol_coap(nc);
+
+  while (!s_sig_received) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1);
+  }
+
+  printf("Exiting on signal %d\n", s_sig_received);
+
+  mg_mgr_free(&mgr);
+  return 0;
+}

examples/cookie_authentication/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
-PROG = cookie_auth
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -g -O0 $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
-SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
-
-$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp .*o *.lib

examples/cookie_authentication/cookie_auth.c

-// Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-// All rights reserved
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#include "mongoose.h"
-
-static const char *s_login_uri = "/login.html";
-static const char *s_secret = ":-)";  // Must be known only to server
-
-static void generate_ssid(const char *user_name, const char *expiration_date,
-                          char *ssid, size_t ssid_size) {
-  char hash[33];
-  mg_md5(hash, user_name, ":", expiration_date, ":", s_secret, NULL);
-  snprintf(ssid, ssid_size, "%s|%s|%s", user_name, expiration_date, hash);
-}
-
-static int check_auth(struct mg_connection *conn) {
-  char ssid[100], calculated_ssid[100], name[100], expire[100];
-
-  // Always authenticate requests to login page
-  if (strcmp(conn->uri, s_login_uri) == 0) {
-    return MG_TRUE;
-  }
-
-  // Look for session ID in the Cookie.
-  // That session ID can be validated against the database that stores
-  // current active sessions.
-  mg_parse_header(mg_get_header(conn, "Cookie"), "ssid", ssid, sizeof(ssid));
-  if (sscanf(ssid, "%[^|]|%[^|]|", name, expire) == 2) {
-    generate_ssid(name, expire, calculated_ssid, sizeof(calculated_ssid));
-    if (strcmp(ssid, calculated_ssid) == 0) {
-      return MG_TRUE;  // Authenticate
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Auth failed, do NOT authenticate, redirect to login page
-  mg_printf(conn, "HTTP/1.1 302 Moved\r\nLocation: %s\r\n\r\n", s_login_uri);
-  return MG_FALSE;
-}
-
-static int check_login_form_submission(struct mg_connection *conn) {
-  char name[100], password[100], ssid[100], expire[100], expire_epoch[100];
-
-  mg_get_var(conn, "name", name, sizeof(name));
-  mg_get_var(conn, "password", password, sizeof(password));
-
-  // A real authentication mechanism should be employed here.
-  // Also, the whole site should be served through HTTPS.
-  if (strcmp(name, "Joe") == 0 && strcmp(password, "Doe") == 0) {
-    // Generate expiry date
-    time_t t = time(NULL) + 3600;  // Valid for 1 hour
-    snprintf(expire_epoch, sizeof(expire_epoch), "%lu", (unsigned long) t);
-    strftime(expire, sizeof(expire), "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT", gmtime(&t));
-    generate_ssid(name, expire_epoch, ssid, sizeof(ssid));
-    // Set "session id" cookie, there could be some data encoded in it.
-    mg_printf(conn,
-              "HTTP/1.1 302 Moved\r\n"
-              "Set-Cookie: ssid=%s; expire=\"%s\"; http-only; HttpOnly;\r\n"
-              "Content-Length: 0\r\n"
-              "Location: /\r\n\r\n",
-              ssid, expire);
-    return MG_TRUE;
-  }
-  return MG_FALSE;
-}
-
-static int serve_request(struct mg_connection *conn) {
-  if (strcmp(conn->uri, s_login_uri) == 0 &&
-      strcmp(conn->request_method, "POST") == 0) {
-    return check_login_form_submission(conn);
-  }
-  return MG_FALSE;  // Serve files in the document_root
-}
-
-static int ev_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-  switch (ev) {
-    case MG_AUTH: return check_auth(conn);
-    case MG_REQUEST: return serve_request(conn);
-    default: return MG_FALSE;
-  }
-}
-
-int main(void) {
-  struct mg_server *server = mg_create_server(NULL, ev_handler);
-  mg_set_option(server, "listening_port", "8080");
-  mg_set_option(server, "document_root", ".");
-
-  printf("Starting on port %s\n", mg_get_option(server, "listening_port"));
-  for (;;) {
-    mg_poll_server(server, 1000);
-  }
-  mg_destroy_server(&server);
-
-  return 0;
-}

examples/cookie_authentication/login.html

-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en">
-<head>
-  <meta charset="utf-8" />
-  <title>WebSocket Test</title>
-  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
-  <style type="text/css">
-    body {
-      background-color: #cde; margin: 0;
-      padding: 0; font: 14px Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
-    }
-    * { outline: none; }
-    div.content {
-      width: 800px; margin: 2em auto; padding: 20px 50px;
-      background-color: #fff; border-radius: 1em;
-    }
-    label { display: inline-block; min-width: 7em; }
-    input { border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 0.4em; margin: 0 0 10px 0; }
-    a:link, a:visited { color: #69c; text-decoration: none; }
-    @media (max-width: 700px) {
-      body { background-color: #fff; }
-      div.content {
-        width: auto; margin: 0 auto; border-radius: 0; padding: 1em;
-      }
-    }
-</style>
-
-<body>
-  <div class="content">
-    <h1>Mongoose Cookie Based Authentication</h1>
-    <p>Use name "Joe", password "Doe" to login.</p>
-    <form method="POST">
-      <div>
-        <label>Name:</label>
-        <input type="text" name="name"/>
-      </div><div>
-        <label>Password:</label>
-        <input type="password" name="password"/>
-      </div><div>
-        <input type="submit" value="Login"/>
-      </div>
-    </form>
-</body>
-</html>
\ No newline at end of file

examples/csharp/example.cs

-// This file is part of mongoose web server project,
-// https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose
-
-using System;
-
-public class Program {
-  static private int EventHandler(IntPtr conn_ptr, int ev) {
-		MongooseConnection conn = (MongooseConnection)
-			System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.PtrToStructure(
-				conn_ptr , typeof(MongooseConnection));
-
-		if (ev == 102) {
-			// MG_AUTH
-			return 1;
-		} else if (ev == 103) {
-			// MG_REQUEST
-	    Mongoose.send_data(conn_ptr, "Hello from C#!\n");
-			Mongoose.send_data(conn_ptr, "URI: " + conn.uri + "\n");
-			Mongoose.send_data(conn_ptr, "HTTP Headers:\n");
-			
-			for (int i = 0; i < conn.num_headers; i++) {
-				IntPtr name = conn.http_headers[i].name;
-				IntPtr val = conn.http_headers[i].value;
-				System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(name);
-				Mongoose.send_data(conn_ptr, "  " +
-					System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(name) + ": " +
-						System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(val) + "\n");
-			}			
-      return 1;
-		}
-		return 0;
-  }
-
-  static void Main() {
-    Mongoose web_server = new Mongoose(".", "9001",
-        new MongooseEventHandler(EventHandler));
-
-    Console.WriteLine("Mongoose started, press Ctrl-C to exit.");
-		for (;;) {
-			web_server.poll(1000);
-		}
-  }
-}

examples/csharp/mongoose.cs

-// This file is part of mongoose web server project,
-// https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose
-
-using System;
-using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
-
-[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct MongooseHeader {
-  [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] public IntPtr name;
-  [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] public IntPtr value;
-};
-
-// mongoose.h :: struct mg_connection
-[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct MongooseConnection {
-  [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] public string request_method;
-  [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] public string uri;
-  [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] public string http_version;
-  [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] public string query_string;
-
-	[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray,SizeConst=48)] public char[] remote_ip;
-	[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] public string local_ip;
-	[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short remote_port;
-	[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short local_port;
-	
-	[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.SysInt)] public int num_headers;
-  [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray,SizeConst=30)]
-    public MongooseHeader[] http_headers;
-	
-	[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] public IntPtr content;
-	[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.SysInt)] public int content_len;
-	
-	[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.SysInt)] public int is_websocket;
-	[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.SysInt)] public int status_code;
-	[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.SysInt)] public int wsbits;
-};
-
-public delegate int MongooseEventHandler(IntPtr c, int ev);
-
-public class Mongoose {
-  public const string dll_ = "mongoose";
-  private IntPtr server_;
-
-	[DllImport(dll_)] private static extern IntPtr
-		mg_create_server(IntPtr user_data, MongooseEventHandler eh);
-	[DllImport(dll_)] private static extern int
-		mg_poll_server(IntPtr server, int milli);
-  [DllImport(dll_)] private static extern IntPtr
-		mg_set_option(IntPtr server, string name, string value);
-	[DllImport(dll_)] public static extern int
-		mg_send_data(IntPtr conn, string data, int length);	
-
-  public Mongoose(string document_root,
-                  string listening_port,
-                  MongooseEventHandler event_handler) {
-    server_ = mg_create_server(IntPtr.Zero, event_handler);
-		mg_set_option(server_, "document_root", document_root);
-		mg_set_option(server_, "listening_port", listening_port);
-  }
-	
-  public static int send_data(IntPtr conn, string data) {
-    return mg_send_data(conn, data, data.Length);
-  }
-	
-	public void poll(int milli) {
-    mg_poll_server(server_, milli);
-  }
-	
-	// TODO: add destructor and call mg_destroy_server()
-}

examples/digest_authentication/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
-PROG = digest_auth
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -g -O0 $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
-SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
-
-$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp .*o *.lib

examples/digest_authentication/digest_auth.c

-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include "mongoose.h"
-
-static int ev_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-
-  if (ev == MG_AUTH) {
-    int result = MG_FALSE; // Not authorized
-    FILE *fp;
-
-    // To populate passwords file, do
-    // mongoose -A my_passwords.txt mydomain.com admin admin
-    if ((fp = fopen("my_passwords.txt", "r")) != NULL) {
-      result = mg_authorize_digest(conn, fp);
-      fclose(fp);
-    }
-
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  return MG_FALSE;
-}
-
-int main(void) {
-  struct mg_server *server = mg_create_server(NULL, ev_handler);
-  mg_set_option(server, "listening_port", "8080");
-  mg_set_option(server, "document_root", ".");
-
-  printf("Starting on port %s\n", mg_get_option(server, "listening_port"));
-  for (;;) {
-    mg_poll_server(server, 1000);
-  }
-  mg_destroy_server(&server);
-
-  return 0;
-}

examples/file_upload/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
-PROG = file_upload
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -g -O0 $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
-SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
-
-all: $(PROG)
-
-run: $(PROG)
-	./$(PROG)
-
-$(PROG): $(SOURCES) Makefile
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
-
-win:
-	wine cl $(SOURCES) /MD /nologo /DNDEBUG /O1 /I../.. /Fe$(PROG).exe
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp .*o *.lib *.gc*

examples/file_upload/file_upload.c

-// Copyright (c) 2004-2012 Sergey Lyubka
-// This file is a part of mongoose project, http://github.com/valenok/mongoose
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include "mongoose.h"
-
-static int send_index_page(struct mg_connection *conn) {
-  const char *data;
-  int data_len, n1, n2;
-  char var_name[100], file_name[100];
-
-  mg_printf_data(conn, "%s",
-                 "<html><body>Upload example."
-                 "<form method=\"POST\" action=\"/handle_post_request\" "
-                 "  enctype=\"multipart/form-data\">"
-                 "<input type=\"file\" name=\"file1\" /> <br/>"
-                 "<input type=\"file\" name=\"file2\" /> <br/>"
-                 "<input type=\"submit\" value=\"Upload\" />"
-                 "</form>");
-
-  n1 = n2 = 0;
-  while ((n2 = mg_parse_multipart(conn->content + n1, conn->content_len - n1,
-                                  var_name, sizeof(var_name), file_name,
-                                  sizeof(file_name), &data, &data_len)) > 0) {
-    mg_printf_data(conn, "var: %s, file_name: %s, size: %d bytes<br>",
-                   var_name, file_name, data_len);
-    n1 += n2;
-  }
-
-  mg_printf_data(conn, "%s", "</body></html>");
-
-  return MG_TRUE;
-}
-
-static int ev_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-  switch (ev) {
-    case MG_AUTH:     return MG_TRUE;
-    case MG_REQUEST:  return send_index_page(conn);
-    default:          return MG_FALSE;
-  }
-}
-
-int main(void) {
-  struct mg_server *server;
-
-  // Create and configure the server
-  server = mg_create_server(NULL, ev_handler);
-  mg_set_option(server, "listening_port", "8080");
-
-  // Serve request. Hit Ctrl-C to terminate the program
-  printf("Starting on port %s\n", mg_get_option(server, "listening_port"));
-  for (;;) {
-    mg_poll_server(server, 1000);
-  }
-
-  // Cleanup, and free server instance
-  mg_destroy_server(&server);
-
-  return 0;
-}

examples/form_submit/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
-PROG = form_submit
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -g -O0 $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
-SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
-
-$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp .*o *.lib

examples/form_submit/form_submit.c

-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include "mongoose.h"
-
-static const char *html_form =
-  "<html><body>POST example."
-  "<form method=\"POST\" action=\"/handle_post_request\">"
-  "Input 1: <input type=\"text\" name=\"input_1\" /> <br/>"
-  "Input 2: <input type=\"text\" name=\"input_2\" /> <br/>"
-  "<input type=\"submit\" />"
-  "</form></body></html>";
-
-static void send_reply(struct mg_connection *conn) {
-  char var1[500], var2[500];
-
-  if (strcmp(conn->uri, "/handle_post_request") == 0) {
-    // User has submitted a form, show submitted data and a variable value
-    // Parse form data. var1 and var2 are guaranteed to be NUL-terminated
-    mg_get_var(conn, "input_1", var1, sizeof(var1));
-    mg_get_var(conn, "input_2", var2, sizeof(var2));
-
-    // Send reply to the client, showing submitted form values.
-    // POST data is in conn->content, data length is in conn->content_len
-    mg_send_header(conn, "Content-Type", "text/plain");
-    mg_printf_data(conn,
-                   "Submitted data: [%.*s]\n"
-                   "Submitted data length: %d bytes\n"
-                   "input_1: [%s]\n"
-                   "input_2: [%s]\n",
-                   conn->content_len, conn->content,
-                   conn->content_len, var1, var2);
-  } else {
-    // Show HTML form.
-    mg_send_data(conn, html_form, strlen(html_form));
-  }
-}
-
-static int ev_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-  if (ev == MG_REQUEST) {
-    send_reply(conn);
-    return MG_TRUE;
-  } else if (ev == MG_AUTH) {
-    return MG_TRUE;
-  } else {
-    return MG_FALSE;
-  }
-}
-
-int main(void) {
-  struct mg_server *server = mg_create_server(NULL, ev_handler);
-
-  mg_set_option(server, "listening_port", "8080");
-
-  printf("Starting on port %s\n", mg_get_option(server, "listening_port"));
-  for (;;) {
-    mg_poll_server(server, 1000);
-  }
-
-  mg_destroy_server(&server);
-
-  return 0;
-}

examples/hello_world/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
-PROG = hello_world
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -g -O0 $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
-SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
-
-all: $(PROG)
-
-run: $(PROG)
-	./$(PROG)
-
-$(PROG): $(SOURCES) Makefile
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
-
-win:
-	wine cl $(SOURCES) /MD /nologo /DNDEBUG /O1 /I../.. /Fe$(PROG).exe
-	wine $(PROG).exe
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp .*o *.lib *.gc*

examples/hello_world/hello_world.c

-// Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-// All rights reserved
-//
-// This example demostrates basic use of Mongoose embedded web server.
-// $Date: 2014-09-09 22:20:23 UTC $
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include "mongoose.h"
-
-static int ev_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-  switch (ev) {
-    case MG_AUTH: return MG_TRUE;
-    case MG_REQUEST:
-      mg_printf_data(conn, "Hello! Requested URI is [%s]", conn->uri);
-      return MG_TRUE;
-    default: return MG_FALSE;
-  }
-}
-
-int main(void) {
-  struct mg_server *server;
-
-  // Create and configure the server
-  server = mg_create_server(NULL, ev_handler);
-  mg_set_option(server, "listening_port", "8080");
-
-  // Serve request. Hit Ctrl-C to terminate the program
-  printf("Starting on port %s\n", mg_get_option(server, "listening_port"));
-  for (;;) {
-    mg_poll_server(server, 1000);
-  }
-
-  // Cleanup, and free server instance
-  mg_destroy_server(&server);
-
-  return 0;
-}

examples/http_client/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
 PROG = http_client
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -g -O0 $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
 SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -DNS_ENABLE_SSL -lssl -lcrypto -pthread $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
 
-unix: $(SOURCES)
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I../.. /MD /Fe$@
 
 clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp *.o *.lib
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/http_client/http_client.c

-// Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-// All rights reserved
-//
-// This example demostrates how to connect to the remote Web server,
-// download data, process it and send back a reply.
-
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ *
+ * This program fetches HTTP URLs.
+ */
 
 #include "mongoose.h"
 
-static int s_received_signal = 0;
-static struct mg_server *s_server = NULL;
-static const char *s_remote_addr = "glosbe.com:80";
-
-static void signal_handler(int sig_num) {
-  signal(sig_num, signal_handler);
-  s_received_signal = sig_num;
-}
+static int s_exit_flag = 0;
+static int s_show_headers = 0;
+static const char *s_show_headers_opt = "--show-headers";
 
-static int ev_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-  struct mg_connection *client, *orig;
+static void ev_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *ev_data) {
+  struct http_message *hm = (struct http_message *) ev_data;
 
   switch (ev) {
-    case MG_AUTH:
-      return MG_TRUE;
-
-    case MG_CONNECT:
-      // Send request to the remote host.
-      // TODO(lsm): handle connect error here.
-      mg_printf(conn, "GET %s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n\r\n",
-                "/gapi/translate?from=eng&dest=fra&format=json&phrase=cat",
-                s_remote_addr);
-      return MG_TRUE;
-
-    case MG_REPLY:
-      // Send reply to the original connection
-      orig = (struct mg_connection *) conn->connection_param;
-      mg_send_status(orig, conn->status_code);
-      mg_send_header(orig, "Content-Type", "text/plain");
-      mg_send_data(orig, conn->content, conn->content_len);
-      mg_send_data(orig, "", 0);  // Last chunk: mark the end of reply
-
-      // Disconnect connections
-      orig->connection_param = NULL;
-      conn->connection_param = NULL;
-      return MG_TRUE;
-
-    case MG_REQUEST:
-      if ((client = mg_connect(s_server, s_remote_addr)) != NULL) {
-        // Interconnect requests
-        client->connection_param = conn;
-        conn->connection_param = client;
-        return MG_MORE;
+    case NS_CONNECT:
+      if (* (int *) ev_data != 0) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "connect() failed: %s\n", strerror(* (int *) ev_data));
+        s_exit_flag = 1;
+      }
+      break;
+    case NS_HTTP_REPLY:
+      nc->flags |= NSF_CLOSE_IMMEDIATELY;
+      if (s_show_headers) {
+        fwrite(hm->message.p, 1, hm->message.len, stdout);
       } else {
-        mg_printf_data(conn, "%s", "cannot send API request");
-        return MG_TRUE;
+        fwrite(hm->body.p, 1, hm->body.len, stdout);
       }
-
+      putchar('\n');
+      s_exit_flag = 1;
+      break;
     default:
-      return MG_FALSE;
+      break;
   }
 }
 
-int main(void) {
-  s_server = mg_create_server(NULL, ev_handler);
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  int i;
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+
+  /* Process command line arguments */
+  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+    if (strcmp(argv[i], s_show_headers_opt) == 0) {
+      s_show_headers = 1;
+    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--hexdump") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
+      mgr.hexdump_file = argv[++i];
+    } else {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
 
-  mg_set_option(s_server, "listening_port", "8080");
+  if (i + 1 != argc) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [%s] [--hexdump <file>] <URL>\n",
+            argv[0], s_show_headers_opt);
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
 
-  // Setup signal handlers
-  signal(SIGTERM, signal_handler);
-  signal(SIGINT, signal_handler);
+  mg_connect_http(&mgr, ev_handler, argv[i], NULL, NULL);
 
-  printf("Listening on port %s\n", mg_get_option(s_server, "listening_port"));
-  while (s_received_signal == 0) {
-    mg_poll_server(s_server, 1000);
+  while (s_exit_flag == 0) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1000);
   }
-  mg_destroy_server(&s_server);
-  printf("Existing on signal %d\n", s_received_signal);
+  mg_mgr_free(&mgr);
 
-  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+  return 0;
 }

examples/json_rpc_server/Makefile

+PROG = json_rpc_server
+SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I../.. /MD /Fe$@
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/json_rpc_server/json_rpc_server.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ *
+ * To test this server, do
+ *   $ curl -d '{"id":1,method:"sum",params:[22,33]}' 127.0.0.1:8000
+ */
+
+#include "mongoose.h"
+
+static const char *s_http_port = "8000";
+
+static int rpc_sum(char *buf, int len, struct mg_rpc_request *req) {
+  double sum = 0;
+  int i;
+
+  if (req->params[0].type != JSON_TYPE_ARRAY) {
+    return mg_rpc_create_std_error(buf, len, req,
+                                   JSON_RPC_INVALID_PARAMS_ERROR);
+  }
+
+  for (i = 0; i < req->params[0].num_desc; i++) {
+    if (req->params[i + 1].type != JSON_TYPE_NUMBER) {
+      return mg_rpc_create_std_error(buf, len, req,
+                                     JSON_RPC_INVALID_PARAMS_ERROR);
+    }
+    sum += strtod(req->params[i + 1].ptr, NULL);
+  }
+  return mg_rpc_create_reply(buf, len, req, "f", sum);
+}
+
+static void ev_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *ev_data) {
+  struct http_message *hm = (struct http_message *) ev_data;
+  static const char *methods[] = { "sum", NULL };
+  static mg_rpc_handler_t handlers[] = { rpc_sum, NULL };
+  char buf[100];
+
+  switch (ev) {
+    case NS_HTTP_REQUEST:
+      mg_rpc_dispatch(hm->body.p, hm->body.len, buf, sizeof(buf),
+                      methods, handlers);
+      mg_printf(nc, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nContent-Length: %d\r\n"
+                "Content-Type: application/json\r\n\r\n%s",
+                (int) strlen(buf), buf);
+      nc->flags |= NSF_SEND_AND_CLOSE;
+      break;
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+int main(void) {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  struct mg_connection *nc;
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+  nc = mg_bind(&mgr, s_http_port, ev_handler);
+  mg_set_protocol_http_websocket(nc);
+
+  printf("Starting JSON-RPC server on port %s\n", s_http_port);
+  for (;;) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1000);
+  }
+  mg_mgr_free(&mgr);
+
+  return 0;
+}

examples/load_balancer/Dockerfile

+FROM cesanta/mongoose
+
+COPY load_balancer.c /mongoose/
+WORKDIR /mongoose
+RUN mkdir /mongoose/certs; \
+    sed -i 's:#include "../../mongoose.h":#include "mongoose.h":' load_balancer.c; \
+    cc load_balancer.c mongoose.c -o load_balancer -W -Wall -pthread -DNS_ENABLE_SSL -lssl -lcrypto
+EXPOSE 8000
+VOLUME ["/mongoose/certs"]
+ENTRYPOINT ["/mongoose/load_balancer"]

examples/load_balancer/Makefile

+# To build with SSL under windows, do:
+# wine make load_balancer.exe SSL=openssl  # OpenSSL build
+# wine make load_balancer.exe SSL=krypton  # Krypton build
+
+PROG = load_balancer
+SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -pthread $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+
+ifeq ($(SSL), openssl)
+  OPENSSL_PATH = ./openssl-0.9.8
+  CFLAGS_EXTRA += -DNS_ENABLE_SSL -I$(OPENSSL_PATH)/include
+	CFLAGS_EXTRA += /link /libpath:$(OPENSSL_PATH)/lib ssleay32.lib libeay32.lib
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(SSL), krypton)
+	KRYPTON_PATH = ../../../krypton
+  CFLAGS_EXTRA += -DNS_ENABLE_SSL $(KRYPTON_PATH)/krypton.c -I$(KRYPTON_PATH)
+endif
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I.. /MD /Fe$@ /DNS_ENABLE_THREADS advapi32.lib $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+
+test: $(PROG)
+	$(MAKE) -C ../api_server
+	sh unit_test.sh $$(pwd)/$(PROG)
+
+docker-build:
+	docker build -t cesanta/load_balancer .
+
+docker-push:
+	docker push cesanta/load_balancer
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/load_balancer/README.md

+# Mongoose-based HTTP load balancer
+
+## Configuration
+
+Load balancer is configured with command-line flags.
+
+### Global flags
+
+* `-p port` – TCP port to listen on. Default: 8000.
+* `-l log_file` – path to the log file. Default: none.
+* `-s ssl_cert` – path to SSL certificate. Default: none.
+
+### Backend configuration
+
+Main flag is `-b uri_prefix host_port` – it adds a new backend for a given
+URI prefix. Example: `-b /stuff/ 127.0.0.1:8080` will route all requests that
+start with '/stuff/' to a backend at port 8080 on localhost. There is a special
+syntax for `uri_prefix` that allows you to change the URIs that get passed to
+backends:
+
+* `-b /stuff/=/ 127.0.0.1:8080` – for '/stuff/thing' backend will see '/thing'.
+* `-b /stuff/=/other/ 127.0.0.1:8080` – '/stuff/thing' => '/other/thing'.
+
+Also there are few per-backend flags that can be placed before `-b` and apply
+only to the next backend:
+
+* `-r` – instead of proxying requests load balancer will reply with 302 
+redirect.
+* `-v vhost` – match not only URI prefix but 'Host:' header as well.
+
+### Example
+
+```
+load_balancer -s path/to/cert.pem \
+  -v example.com -b /site/=/ 127.0.0.1:8080 \
+  -b /static/ 127.0.0.1:8081 \
+  -b /static/ 127.0.0.1:8082
+``` 
+
+In this example requests to 'example.com/site/' will be forwarded to the
+backend on port 8080 with '/site' prefix stripped off and requests to
+'/static/' on any virtual host will be balanced in round-robin fashion between
+backends on ports 8081 and 8082.
+

examples/load_balancer/unit_test.sh

+#!/bin/sh
+
+PROG=$1
+PORT=8002
+
+cleanup() {
+  kill -9 $PID >/dev/null 2>&1
+}
+
+#set -x
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+cleanup
+$PROG -p $PORT -b /api/ 127.0.0.1:8000 &
+PID=$!
+
+# Perform api_server unit test through the load balancer by passing
+# load balancer port to the unit test script
+(cd ../api_server && make && sh unit_test.sh ./api_server $PORT)
+
+exit $?

examples/mjpg_streamer/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
-PROG = mjpg_streamer
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -g -O0 $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
-SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
-
-$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp .*o *.lib

examples/mjpg_streamer/mjpg_streamer.c

-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#include "mongoose.h"
-
-static void send_file(struct mg_connection *conn, const char *path) {
-  char buf[1024];
-  struct stat st;
-  int n;
-  FILE *fp;
-
-  if (stat(path, &st) == 0 && (fp = fopen(path, "rb")) != NULL) {
-    mg_printf(conn, "--w00t\r\nContent-Type: image/jpeg\r\n"
-              "Content-Length: %lu\r\n\r\n", (unsigned long) st.st_size);
-    while ((n = fread(buf, 1, sizeof(buf), fp)) > 0) {
-      mg_write(conn, buf, n);
-    }
-    fclose(fp);
-    mg_write(conn, "\r\n", 2);
-  }
-}
-
-struct conn_state {
-  int file_index;
-  time_t last_poll;
-};
-
-static int ev_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-  const char **file_names = (const char **) conn->server_param;
-  struct conn_state *state;
-  time_t now = time(NULL);
-
-  switch (ev) {
-
-    case MG_AUTH:
-      return MG_TRUE;
-
-    case MG_REQUEST:
-      if (strcmp(conn->uri, "/stream") != 0) {
-        mg_send_header(conn, "Content-Type", "text/html");
-        mg_printf_data(conn, "%s",
-                       "Go to <a href=/stream>/stream</a> for MJPG stream");
-        return MG_TRUE;
-      }
-
-      mg_printf(conn, "%s",
-                "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n" "Cache-Control: no-cache\r\n"
-                "Pragma: no-cache\r\nExpires: Thu, 01 Dec 1994 16:00:00 GMT\r\n"
-                "Connection: close\r\nContent-Type: multipart/x-mixed-replace; "
-                "boundary=--w00t\r\n\r\n");
-
-      send_file(conn, file_names[0]);
-
-      state = (struct conn_state *) malloc(sizeof(*state));
-      conn->connection_param = state;
-      state->file_index = 1;  // First file is already sent
-      state->last_poll = time(NULL);
-      return MG_MORE;
-
-    case MG_POLL:
-      state = (struct conn_state *) conn->connection_param;
-
-      if (state != NULL && now > state->last_poll) {
-        if (file_names[state->file_index] != NULL) {
-          send_file(conn, file_names[state->file_index]);
-          state->file_index++;
-          if (file_names[state->file_index] == NULL) {
-            return MG_TRUE;  // No more images, close connection
-          }
-        }
-        state->last_poll = now;
-      }
-      return MG_FALSE;
-
-    case MG_CLOSE:
-      free(conn->connection_param);
-      conn->connection_param = NULL;
-      return MG_FALSE;
-
-    default:
-      return MG_FALSE;
-  }
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  struct mg_server *server;
-
-  if (argc < 3) {
-    printf("Usage: %s image1.jpg image2.jpg ...\n", argv[0]);
-    return 1;
-  }
-
-  server = mg_create_server(&argv[1], ev_handler);
-  mg_set_option(server, "listening_port", "8080");
-
-  printf("Starting on port %s\n", mg_get_option(server, "listening_port"));
-  for (;;) {
-    mg_poll_server(server, 1000);
-  }
-  mg_destroy_server(&server);
-
-  return 0;
-}

examples/mqtt_broker/Makefile

+PROG = mqtt_broker
+SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -DNS_ENABLE_SSL -DNS_ENABLE_MQTT_BROKER -lssl -lcrypto $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I../.. /DNS_ENABLE_SSL /DNS_ENABLE_MQTT_BROKER /MD /Fe$@
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/mqtt_broker/mqtt_broker.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ * This software is dual-licensed: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation. For the terms of this
+ * license, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * You are free to use this software under the terms of the GNU General
+ * Public License, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
+ * warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+ * See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, you can license this software under a commercial
+ * license, as set out in <https://www.cesanta.com/license>.
+ */
+
+#include "../../mongoose.h"
+
+int main(void) {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  const char *address = "0.0.0.0:1883";
+  struct mg_connection *nc;
+  struct mg_mqtt_broker brk;
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+  mg_mqtt_broker_init(&brk, NULL);
+
+  if ((nc = mg_bind(&mgr, address, mg_mqtt_broker)) == NULL) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mg_bind(%s) failed\n", address);
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+  nc->user_data = &brk;
+
+  /*
+   * TODO: Add a HTTP status page that shows current sessions
+   * and subscriptions
+   */
+
+  for(;;) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1000);
+  }
+}

examples/mqtt_client/Makefile

+PROG = mqtt_client
+SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -DNS_ENABLE_SSL -lssl -lcrypto $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I../.. /DNS_ENABLE_SSL /MD /Fe$@
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/mqtt_client/mqtt_client.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ * This software is dual-licensed: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation. For the terms of this
+ * license, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ *
+ * You are free to use this software under the terms of the GNU General
+ * Public License, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
+ * warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+ * See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * Alternatively, you can license this software under a commercial
+ * license, as set out in <https://www.cesanta.com/license>.
+ */
+
+#include "mongoose.h"
+
+struct mg_mqtt_topic_expression topic_expressions[] = {
+  {"/stuff", 0}
+};
+
+static void ev_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *p) {
+  struct mg_mqtt_message *msg = (struct mg_mqtt_message *)p;
+  (void) nc;
+
+#if 0
+  if (ev != NS_POLL)
+    printf("USER HANDLER GOT %d\n", ev);
+#endif
+
+  switch (ev) {
+    case NS_CONNECT:
+      mg_set_protocol_mqtt(nc);
+      mg_send_mqtt_handshake(nc, "dummy");
+      break;
+    case NS_MQTT_CONNACK:
+      if (msg->connack_ret_code != NS_MQTT_CONNACK_ACCEPTED) {
+        printf("Got mqtt connection error: %d\n", msg->connack_ret_code);
+        exit(1);
+      }
+      printf("Subscribing to '/stuff'\n");
+      mg_mqtt_subscribe(nc, topic_expressions, sizeof(topic_expressions)/sizeof(*topic_expressions), 42);
+      break;
+    case NS_MQTT_PUBACK:
+      printf("Message publishing acknowledged (msg_id: %d)\n", msg->message_id);
+      break;
+    case NS_MQTT_SUBACK:
+      printf("Subscription acknowledged, forwarding to '/test'\n");
+      break;
+    case NS_MQTT_PUBLISH:
+      {
+#if 0
+        char hex[1024] = {0};
+        mg_hexdump(nc->recv_mbuf.buf, msg->payload.len, hex, sizeof(hex));
+        printf("Got incoming message %s:\n%s", msg->topic, hex);
+#else
+        printf("Got incoming message %s: %.*s\n", msg->topic, (int)msg->payload.len, msg->payload.p);
+#endif
+
+        printf("Forwarding to /test\n");
+        mg_mqtt_publish(nc, "/test", 65, NS_MQTT_QOS(0), msg->payload.p, msg->payload.len);
+      }
+      break;
+    case NS_CLOSE:
+      printf("Connection closed\n");
+      exit(1);
+  }
+}
+
+int main(void) {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  const char *address = "localhost:1883";
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+
+  if (mg_connect(&mgr, address, ev_handler) == NULL) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mg_connect(%s) failed\n", address);
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+
+  for(;;) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1000);
+  }
+}

examples/multi_threaded_server/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
-PROG = multi_threaded_server
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -g -O0 -DMONGOOSE_ENABLE_THREADS $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
-SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
-
-$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp .*o *.lib

examples/multi_threaded_server/multi_threaded_server.c

-#include "mongoose.h"
-
-// Start a browser and hit refresh couple of times. The replies will
-// come from both server instances.
-static int ev_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-  if (ev == MG_REQUEST) {
-    mg_send_header(conn, "Content-Type", "text/plain");
-    mg_printf_data(conn, "This is a reply from server instance # %s",
-                   (char *) conn->server_param);
-    return MG_TRUE;
-  } else if (ev == MG_AUTH) {
-    return MG_TRUE;
-  } else {
-    return MG_FALSE;
-  }
-}
-
-static void *serve(void *server) {
-  for (;;) mg_poll_server((struct mg_server *) server, 1000);
-  return NULL;
-}
-
-int main(void) {
-  struct mg_server *server1, *server2;
-
-  server1 = mg_create_server((void *) "1", ev_handler);
-  server2 = mg_create_server((void *) "2", ev_handler);
-
-  // Make both server1 and server2 listen on the same sockets
-  mg_set_option(server1, "listening_port", "8080");
-  mg_copy_listeners(server1, server2);
-
-  // server1 goes to separate thread, server 2 runs in main thread.
-  // IMPORTANT: NEVER LET DIFFERENT THREADS HANDLE THE SAME SERVER.
-  mg_start_thread(serve, server1);
-  mg_start_thread(serve, server2);
-  getchar();
-
-  return 0;
-}

examples/multithreaded_restful_server/Makefile

+PROG = multithreaded_restful_server
+SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+APP_FLAGS = -DNS_ENABLE_THREADS $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+
+ifeq ($(OS), Windows_NT)
+APP_FLAGS += advapi32.lib
+endif
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread $(APP_FLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I../.. /MD /Fe$@ $(APP_FLAGS)
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/multithreaded_restful_server/multithreaded_restful_server.c

+// Copyright (c) 2015 Cesanta Software Limited
+// All rights reserved
+
+// This example shows how to handle long, blocking requests by
+// handing off computation to different threads. Here, each
+// request spawns a new thread. In a production scenario, a thread
+// pools can be used for efficiency, if required.
+// Long computation is simulated by sleeping for a random interval.
+
+#include "mongoose.h"
+
+static const char *s_http_port = "8000";
+
+static void ev_handler(struct mg_connection *c, int ev, void *p) {
+  if (ev == NS_HTTP_REQUEST) {
+    struct http_message *hm = (struct http_message *) p;
+    char reply[100];
+
+    /* Simulate long calculation */
+    sleep(3);
+
+    /* Send the reply */
+    snprintf(reply, sizeof(reply), "{ \"uri\": \"%.*s\" }\n",
+             (int) hm->uri.len, hm->uri.p);
+    mg_printf(c, "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
+              "Content-Type: application/json\r\n"
+              "Content-Length: %d\r\n"
+              "\r\n"
+              "%s",
+              (int) strlen(reply), reply);
+  }
+}
+
+int main(void) {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  struct mg_connection *nc;
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+  nc = mg_bind(&mgr, s_http_port, ev_handler);
+  mg_set_protocol_http_websocket(nc);
+
+  /* For each new connection, execute ev_handler in a separate thread */
+  mg_enable_multithreading(nc);
+
+  printf("Starting multi-threaded server on port %s\n", s_http_port);
+  for (;;) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 3000);
+  }
+  mg_mgr_free(&mgr);
+
+  return 0;
+}

examples/netcat/Makefile

+PROG = nc
+SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -DNS_ENABLE_SSL -DNS_ENABLE_THREADS -lssl -lcrypto $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I../.. /DNS_ENABLE_SSL /MD /Fe$@
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/websocket_ssl_proxy/ssl_wrapper.c → examples/netcat/nc.c

@@ -12,112 +12,129 @@
 // See the GNU General Public License for more details.
 //
 // Alternatively, you can license this software under a commercial
-// license, as set out in <http://cesanta.com/products.html>.
+// license, as set out in <https://www.cesanta.com/license>.
 //
-// $Date$
+// $Date: 2014-09-28 05:04:41 UTC $
 
-#include "net_skeleton.h"
-#include "ssl_wrapper.h"
+// This file implements "netcat" utility with SSL and traffic hexdump.
 
-static void ev_handler(struct ns_connection *nc, int ev, void *p) {
-  const char *target_addr = (const char *) nc->mgr->user_data;
-  struct ns_connection *pc = (struct ns_connection *) nc->user_data;
-  struct iobuf *io = &nc->recv_iobuf;
+#include "mongoose.h"
 
-  (void) p;
-  switch (ev) {
-    case NS_ACCEPT:
-      // Create a connection to the target, and interlink both connections
-      nc->user_data = ns_connect(nc->mgr, target_addr, ev_handler, nc);
-      if (nc->user_data == NULL) {
-        nc->flags |= NSF_CLOSE_IMMEDIATELY;
-      }
-      break;
-
-    case NS_CLOSE:
-      // If either connection closes, unlink them and shedule closing
-      if (pc != NULL) {
-        pc->flags |= NSF_FINISHED_SENDING_DATA;
-        pc->user_data = NULL;
-      }
-      nc->user_data = NULL;
-      break;
+static sig_atomic_t s_received_signal = 0;
 
-    case NS_RECV:
-      // Forward arrived data to the other connection, and discard from buffer
-      if (pc != NULL) {
-        ns_send(pc, io->buf, io->len);
-        iobuf_remove(io, io->len);
-      }
-      break;
+static void signal_handler(int sig_num) {
+  signal(sig_num, signal_handler);
+  s_received_signal = sig_num;
+}
 
-    default:
-      break;
-  }
+static void show_usage_and_exit(const char *prog_name) {
+  fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", "Copyright (c) 2014 CESANTA SOFTWARE");
+  fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", "Usage:");
+  fprintf(stderr, "  %s\n [-d debug_file] [-l] [tcp|ssl]://[ip:]port[:cert][:ca_cert]",
+          prog_name);
+  fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", "Examples:");
+  fprintf(stderr, "  %s\n -d hexdump.txt ssl://google.com:443", prog_name);
+  fprintf(stderr, "  %s\n -l ssl://443:ssl_cert.pem", prog_name);
+  fprintf(stderr, "  %s\n -l tcp://8080", prog_name);
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }
 
-void *ssl_wrapper_init(const char *local_addr, const char *target_addr,
-                       const char **err_msg) {
-  struct ns_mgr *mgr = (struct ns_mgr *) calloc(1, sizeof(mgr[0]));
-  *err_msg = NULL;
+static void on_stdin_read(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *p) {
+  int ch = * (int *) p;
 
-  if (mgr == NULL) {
-    *err_msg = "malloc failed";
-  } else {
-    ns_mgr_init(mgr, (void *) target_addr);
-    if (ns_bind(mgr, local_addr, ev_handler, NULL) == NULL) {
-      *err_msg = "ns_bind() failed: bad listening_port";
-      ns_mgr_free(mgr);
-      free(mgr);
-      mgr = NULL;
+  (void) ev;
+
+  if (ch < 0) {
+    // EOF is received from stdin. Schedule the connection to close
+    nc->flags |= NSF_SEND_AND_CLOSE;
+    if (nc->send_mbuf.len <= 0) {
+      nc->flags |= NSF_CLOSE_IMMEDIATELY;
     }
+  } else {
+    // A character is received from stdin. Send it to the connection.
+    unsigned char c = (unsigned char) ch;
+    mg_send(nc, &c, 1);
   }
-
-  return mgr;
 }
 
-void ssl_wrapper_serve(void *param, volatile int *quit) {
-  struct ns_mgr *mgr = (struct ns_mgr *) param;
+static void *stdio_thread_func(void *param) {
+  struct mg_mgr *mgr = (struct mg_mgr *) param;
+  int ch;
 
-  while (*quit == 0) {
-    ns_mgr_poll(mgr, 1000);
+  // Read stdin until EOF character by character, sending them to the mgr
+  while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF) {
+    mg_broadcast(mgr, on_stdin_read, &ch, sizeof(ch));
   }
-  ns_mgr_free(mgr);
-  free(mgr);
+  s_received_signal = 1;
+
+  return NULL;
 }
 
-#ifndef SSL_WRAPPER_USE_AS_LIBRARY
-static int s_received_signal = 0;
+static void ev_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *p) {
+  (void) p;
+
+  switch (ev) {
+    case NS_ACCEPT:
+    case NS_CONNECT:
+      mg_start_thread(stdio_thread_func, nc->mgr);
+      break;
 
-static void signal_handler(int sig_num) {
-  signal(sig_num, signal_handler);
-  s_received_signal = sig_num;
-}
+    case NS_CLOSE:
+      s_received_signal = 1;
+      break;
 
-static void show_usage_and_exit(const char *prog) {
-  fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <listening_address> <target_address>\n", prog);
-  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    case NS_RECV:
+      fwrite(nc->recv_mbuf.buf, 1, nc->recv_mbuf.len, stdout);
+      mbuf_remove(&nc->recv_mbuf, nc->recv_mbuf.len);
+      break;
+
+    default:
+      break;
+  }
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  void *wrapper;
-  const char *err_msg;
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  int i, is_listening = 0;
+  const char *address = NULL;
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+
+  // Parse command line options
+  for (i = 1; i < argc && argv[i][0] == '-'; i++) {
+    if (strcmp(argv[i], "-l") == 0) {
+      is_listening = 1;
+    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-d") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
+      mgr.hexdump_file = argv[++i];
+    } else {
+      show_usage_and_exit(argv[0]);
+    }
+  }
 
-  if (argc != 3) {
+  if (i + 1 == argc) {
+    address = argv[i];
+  } else {
     show_usage_and_exit(argv[0]);
   }
 
-  // Setup signal handlers
   signal(SIGTERM, signal_handler);
   signal(SIGINT, signal_handler);
   signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 
-  if ((wrapper = ssl_wrapper_init(argv[1], argv[2], &err_msg)) == NULL) {
-    fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", err_msg);
+  if (is_listening) {
+    if (mg_bind(&mgr, address, ev_handler) == NULL) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "mg_bind(%s) failed\n", address);
+      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+  } else if (mg_connect(&mgr, address, ev_handler) == NULL) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "mg_connect(%s) failed\n", address);
     exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
   }
-  ssl_wrapper_serve(wrapper, &s_received_signal);
+
+  while (s_received_signal == 0) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1000);
+  }
+  mg_mgr_free(&mgr);
 
   return EXIT_SUCCESS;
 }
-#endif // SSL_WRAPPER_USE_AS_LIBRARY

examples/proxy_server/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
-PROG = proxy_server
-FLAGS = -I../..  -DNS_ENABLE_SSL
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -g -O0 -pthread  -lssl -DMONGOOSE_ENABLE_THREADS $(FLAGS) $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
-SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
-
-unix: $(SOURCES)
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp .*o *.lib

examples/proxy_server/proxy_server.c

-// Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
-// All rights reserved
-//
-// To build and run this example:
-//    git clone https://github.com/cesanta/net_skeleton.git
-//    git clone https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose.git
-//    cd mongoose/examples
-//    make proxy
-//    ./proxy
-//
-//  Configure your browser to use localhost:2014 as a proxy for all protocols
-//  Then, navigate to https://cesanta.com
-
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <signal.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <time.h>
-
-#ifdef _WIN32
-#define sleep(x) Sleep((x) * 1000)
-#else
-#include <unistd.h>
-#endif
-
-#include "mongoose.h"
-
-static int s_received_signal = 0;
-static struct mg_server *s_server = NULL;
-
-#define SSE_CONNECTION              ((void *) 1)
-
-static void elog(int do_exit, const char *fmt, ...) {
-  va_list ap;
-  va_start(ap, fmt);
-  vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
-  va_end(ap);
-  fputc('\n', stderr);
-  if (do_exit) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-}
-
-static void signal_handler(int sig_num) {
-  signal(sig_num, signal_handler);
-  s_received_signal = sig_num;
-}
-
-static int sse_push(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-  if (ev == MG_POLL && conn->connection_param == SSE_CONNECTION) {
-    mg_printf(conn, "data: %s\r\n\r\n", (const char *) conn->callback_param);
-  }
-  return MG_TRUE;
-}
-
-static void *sse_pusher_thread_func(void *param) {
-  while (s_received_signal == 0) {
-    mg_wakeup_server_ex(s_server, sse_push, "%lu %s",
-                        (unsigned long) time(NULL), (const char *) param);
-    sleep(1);
-  }
-  return NULL;
-}
-
-// Return: 1 if regular file, 2 if directory, 0 if not found
-static int exists(const char *path) {
-  struct stat st;
-  return stat(path, &st) != 0 ? 0 : S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)  == 0 ? 1 : 2;
-}
-
-// Return: 1 if regular file, 2 if directory, 0 if not found
-static int is_local_file(const char *uri, char *path, size_t path_len) {
-  snprintf(path, path_len, "%s/%s",
-           mg_get_option(s_server, "document_root"), uri);
-  return exists(path);
-}
-
-static int try_to_serve_locally(struct mg_connection *conn) {
-  char path[500], buf[2000];
-  int n, res;
-  FILE *fp = NULL;
-
-  if ((res = is_local_file(conn->uri, path, sizeof(path))) == 2) {
-    strncat(path, "/index.html", sizeof(path) - strlen(path) - 1);
-    res = exists(path);
-    printf("PATH: [%s]\n", path);
-  }
-  if (res == 0) return MG_FALSE;
-
-  if ((fp = fopen(path, "rb")) != NULL) {
-    printf("Serving [%s] locally \n", path);
-    mg_send_header(conn, "Connection", "close");
-    mg_send_header(conn, "Content-Type", mg_get_mime_type(path, "text/plain"));
-    while ((n = fread(buf, 1, sizeof(buf), fp)) > 0) {
-      mg_send_data(conn, buf, n);
-    }
-    mg_send_data(conn, "", 0);
-    fclose(fp);
-  }
-  return fp == NULL ? MG_FALSE : MG_TRUE;
-}
-
-static int is_resource_present_locally(const char *uri) {
-  char path[500];
-  return is_local_file(uri, path, sizeof(path)) || strcmp(uri, "/api/sse") == 0;
-}
-
-static int proxy_event_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, enum mg_event ev) {
-  static const char target_url[] = "http://cesanta.com";
-  static int target_url_size = sizeof(target_url) - 1;
-  const char *host;
-
-  switch (ev) {
-    case MG_REQUEST:
-      host = mg_get_header(conn, "Host");
-      printf("[%s] [%s] [%s]\n", conn->request_method, conn->uri,
-             host == NULL ? "" : host);
-      if (strstr(conn->uri, "/qqq") != NULL) s_received_signal = SIGTERM;
-
-      // Proxied HTTPS requests use "CONNECT foo.com:443"
-      // Proxied HTTP requests use "GET http://..... "
-      // Serve requests for target_url from the local FS.
-      if (memcmp(conn->uri, target_url, target_url_size) == 0 &&
-          is_resource_present_locally(conn->uri + target_url_size)) {
-        conn->uri += target_url_size;   // Leave only path in the URI
-      }
-
-      if (strcmp(conn->uri, "/api/sse") == 0) {
-        conn->connection_param = SSE_CONNECTION;
-        mg_printf(conn, "%s", "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
-                  "Content-Type: text/event-stream\r\n"
-                  "Cache-Control: no-cache\r\n\r\n");
-        return MG_MORE;
-      }
-
-      if (host != NULL && strstr(host, "cesanta") != NULL) {
-        return try_to_serve_locally(conn);
-      }
-
-      // Enable man-in-the-middle SSL mode for oracle.com
-      if (!strcmp(conn->request_method, "CONNECT") &&
-          !strcmp(host, "oracle.com")) {
-        mg_terminate_ssl(conn, "ssl_cert.pem");  // MUST return MG_MORE after
-        return MG_MORE;
-      }
-
-      return MG_FALSE;
-    case MG_AUTH:
-      return MG_TRUE;
-    default:
-      return MG_FALSE;
-  }
-}
-
-static void setopt(struct mg_server *s, const char *opt, const char *val) {
-  const char *err_msg = mg_set_option(s, opt, val);
-  if (err_msg != NULL) {
-    elog(1, "Error setting [%s]: [%s]", opt, err_msg);
-  }
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  const char *port = "2014", *dump = NULL, *root = "proxy_web_root";
-  int i;
-
-  // Parse command line options
-  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-    if (strcmp(argv[i], "-port") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
-      port = argv[++i];
-    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-root") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
-      root = argv[++i];
-    } else if (strcmp(argv[i], "-dump") == 0 && i + 1 < argc) {
-      dump = argv[++i];
-    } else {
-      elog(1, "Usage: %s [-cert FILE] [-ca_cert FILE] [-port PORT]", argv[0]);
-    }
-  }
-
-  signal(SIGTERM, signal_handler);
-  signal(SIGINT, signal_handler);
-
-  // Create and configure proxy server
-  s_server = mg_create_server(NULL, &proxy_event_handler);
-  setopt(s_server, "enable_proxy",        "yes");
-  setopt(s_server, "document_root",       root);
-  setopt(s_server, "listening_port",      port);
-  setopt(s_server, "hexdump_file",        dump);
-
-  // Start two SSE pushing threads
-  mg_start_thread(sse_pusher_thread_func, (void *) "sse_pusher_thread_1");
-  mg_start_thread(sse_pusher_thread_func, (void *) "sse_pusher_thread_2");
-
-  // Start serving in the main thread
-  printf("Starting on port %s\n", mg_get_option(s_server, "listening_port"));
-  while (s_received_signal == 0) {
-    mg_poll_server(s_server, 1000);
-  }
-  printf("Existing on signal %d\n", s_received_signal);
-  mg_destroy_server(&s_server);
-
-  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
-}

examples/proxy_server/proxy_web_root/app1/index.html

-<html>
-<head>
-  <title>App1 Index</title>
-  <style>
-    img { height: 40px; }
-  </style>
-</head>
-<body>
-
-  <h1>App1 index page. Served locally from the the proxy server filesystem</h1>
-
-  <p>image that references non-existent local resource. Forwarded to
-    the 'real' proxy target:</p>
-    <img src="http://cesanta.com/images/logo.png" />
-
-  <p>Google logo via HTTPS (external resource, served by remote host):</p>
-  <img src="https://www.google.ie/images/srpr/logo11w.png" />
-
-  <p>Same image via HTTP:</p>
-  <img src="http://www.google.ie/images/srpr/logo11w.png" />
-
-</body>
-</html>

examples/proxy_server/proxy_web_root/app2/index.html

-<html>
-<head>
-  <title>App2 Index</title>
-  <meta charset="utf-8">
-  <script>
-  window.onload = function() {
-    // Using secure websocket connection, wss://
-    var ws = new WebSocket('wss://echo.websocket.org');
-    var div = document.getElementById('events');
-    ws.onmessage = function(ev) {
-      var el = document.createElement('div');
-      el.innerHTML = 'websocket message: ' + ev.data;
-      div.appendChild(el);
-      // Keep only last 5 messages in the list
-      while (div.childNodes.length > 5) div.removeChild(div.firstChild);
-    };
-
-    // Send random stuff to the websocket connection periodically.
-    // websocket server much echo that stuff back.
-    window.setInterval(function() {
-      var d = new Date();
-      ws.send(d.toString());
-    }, 1000);
-  };
-  </script>
-</head>
-<body>
-  <h1>App2 index page. Served locally from the
-    the proxy's filesystem.</h1>
-  <p>
-    Following div shows proxy forwarding of websocket connection, served by
-    ws://echo.websocket.org:
-  </p>
-
-  <div id="events"></div>
-</body>
-</html>

examples/proxy_server/proxy_web_root/index.html

-<html>
-<head>
-  <title> proxy index </title>
-  <script type="text/javascript">
-  window.onload = function() {
-    var es = new EventSource("/api/sse");
-    var div = document.getElementById('events');
-    es.onmessage = function(ev) {
-      var el = document.createElement('div');
-      el.innerHTML = 'sse message: ' + ev.data;
-      div.appendChild(el);
-      // Keep only last 5 messages in the list
-      while (div.childNodes.length > 5) div.removeChild(div.firstChild);
-    };
-  };
-  </script>
-</head>
-<body>
-  <h1> proxy index page.</h1>
-  <ul>
-    <li><a href="app1">App1</a> - App1 root</li>
-    <li><a href="app2">App2</a> - App2 root</li>
-  </ul>
-
-  <h2>SSE pushes, done by separate threads at random times:</h2>
-  <div id="events"></div>
-
-</body>
-</html>

examples/proxy_server/ssl_cert.pem

------BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-MIIEogIBAAKCAQEAwONaLOP7EdegqjRuQKSDXzvHmFMZfBufjhELhNjo5KsL4ieH
-hMSGCcSV6y32hzhqR5lvTViaQez+xhc58NZRu+OUgEhodRBW/vAOjpz/xdMz5HaC
-EhP3E9W1pkitVseS8B5rrgJo1BfCGai1fPav1nutPq2Kj7vMy24+g460Lonf6ln1
-di4aTIRtAqXtUU6RFpPJP35PkCXbTK65O8HJSxxt/XtfoezHCU5+UIwmZGYx46UB
-Wzg3IfK6bGPSiHU3pdiTol0uMPt/GUK+x4NyZJ4/ImsNAicRwMBdja4ywHKXJehH
-gXBthsVIHbL21x+4ibsg9eVM/XioTV6tW3IrdwIDAQABAoIBACFfdLutmkQFBcRN
-HAJNNHmmsyr0vcUOVnXTFyYeDXV67qxrYHQlOHe6LqIpKq1Mon7O2kYMnWvooFAP
-trOnsS6L+qaTYJdYg2TKjgo4ubw1hZXytyB/mdExuaMSkgMgtpia+tB5lD+V+LxN
-x1DesZ+veFMO3Zluyckswt4qM5yVa04YFrt31H0E1rJfIen61lidXIKYmHHWuRxK
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------END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
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------END DH PARAMETERS-----

examples/publish_subscribe/Makefile

+PROG = publish_subscribe
+SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -DNS_ENABLE_THREADS -pthread $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I../.. /MD /Fe$@
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/publish_subscribe/publish_subscribe.c

+// Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
+// All rights reserved
+//
+// This software is dual-licensed: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+// published by the Free Software Foundation. For the terms of this
+// license, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+//
+// You are free to use this software under the terms of the GNU General
+// Public License, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
+// warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+// See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// Alternatively, you can license this software under a commercial
+// license, as set out in <https://www.cesanta.com/license>.
+//
+// $Date: 2014-09-28 05:04:41 UTC $
+
+#include "mongoose.h"
+
+static void *stdin_thread(void *param) {
+  int ch, sock = * (int *) param;
+  while ((ch = getchar()) != EOF) {
+    unsigned char c = (unsigned char) ch;
+    send(sock, &c, 1, 0);  // Forward all types characters to the socketpair
+  }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+static void server_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *p) {
+  (void) p;
+  if (ev == NS_RECV) {
+    // Push received message to all ncections
+    struct mbuf *io = &nc->recv_mbuf;
+    struct mg_connection *c;
+
+    for (c = mg_next(nc->mgr, NULL); c != NULL; c = mg_next(nc->mgr, c)) {
+      mg_send(c, io->buf, io->len);
+    }
+    mbuf_remove(io, io->len);
+  }
+}
+
+static void client_handler(struct mg_connection *conn, int ev, void *p) {
+  struct mbuf *io = &conn->recv_mbuf;
+  (void) p;
+
+  if (ev == NS_CONNECT) {
+    if (conn->flags & NSF_CLOSE_IMMEDIATELY) {
+      printf("%s\n", "Error connecting to server!");
+      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+    printf("%s\n", "Connected to server. Type a message and press enter.");
+  } else if (ev == NS_RECV) {
+    if (conn->flags & NSF_USER_1) {
+      // Received data from the stdin, forward it to the server
+      struct mg_connection *c = (struct mg_connection *) conn->user_data;
+      mg_send(c, io->buf, io->len);
+      mbuf_remove(io, io->len);
+    } else {
+      // Received data from server connection, print it
+      fwrite(io->buf, io->len, 1, stdout);
+      mbuf_remove(io, io->len);
+    }
+  } else if (ev == NS_CLOSE) {
+    // Connection has closed, most probably cause server has stopped
+    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+  }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+
+  if (argc != 3) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <port> <client|server>\n", argv[0]);
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  } else if (strcmp(argv[2], "client") == 0) {
+    int fds[2];
+    struct mg_connection *ioconn, *server_conn;
+
+    mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+
+    // Connect to the pubsub server
+    server_conn = mg_connect(&mgr, argv[1], client_handler);
+    if (server_conn == NULL) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "Cannot connect to port %s\n", argv[1]);
+      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    }
+
+    // Create a socketpair and give one end to the thread that reads stdin
+    mg_socketpair(fds, SOCK_STREAM);
+    mg_start_thread(stdin_thread, &fds[1]);
+
+    // The other end of a pair goes inside the server
+    ioconn = mg_add_sock(&mgr, fds[0], client_handler);
+    ioconn->flags |= NSF_USER_1;    // Mark this so we know this is a stdin
+    ioconn->user_data = server_conn;
+
+  } else {
+    // Server code path
+    mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+    mg_bind(&mgr, argv[1], server_handler);
+    printf("Starting pubsub server on port %s\n", argv[1]);
+  }
+
+  for (;;) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1000);
+  }
+  mg_mgr_free(&mgr);
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}

examples/raspberry_pi_mjpeg_led/Makefile

+NS=../../mongoose.c
+FLAGS = ../../mongoose.c -I../..
+CFLAGS=-W -Wall -DNS_ENABLE_THREADS -pthread $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+PROGS = device_side cloud_side
+
+all: $(PROGS)
+
+device_side: Makefile device_side.c $(NS)
+	$(CC) device_side.c $(FLAGS) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+cloud_side: Makefile cloud_side.c $(NS)
+	$(CC) cloud_side.c $(FLAGS) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+device_side.exe: Makefile device_side.c $(NS)
+	cl device_side.c $(FLAGS) /MD /Fe$@
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROGS)

examples/raspberry_pi_mjpeg_led/README.adoc

+= Raspberry Pi camera/LED demo
+
+== Overview
+
+The link:/[demo] consists of web app providing access to a webcam and a LED attached to a RaspberryPi.
+The device is assumed to have a limited bandwidth towards the server hosting the web app.
+
+== Objective
+
+The demo shows how to use websockets to communicate bidirectionally with an embedded device using standard protocols.
+
+It also shows that it's possible to use Smart.c to develop also the cloud endpoint and expose WebSocket and RESTful APIs
+easy to integreate with modern web stacks.
+
+== How it works
+
+image::docs/arch.png[]
+
+There are two components, once with runs on the device (`device_side`) and one that runs on a stronger machine
+and with more bandwidth (`cloud_side`).
+
+The device app connects to the cloud app via websocket and sends a new jpeg frame as fast as the underlying `raspistill` camera
+grabbing application can handle. The device automatically attempts reconnecting.
+
+The cloud side serves the webapp static pages and serves an MPJEG image on `/mpjg`.
+The MPJEG image handler blocks all the clients until a JPEG frame arrives via websocket
+and then every client will recieve a copy of the frame.
+
+The web app can turn on and off the LED via a RESTful api accessible via the `/api` handler.
+
+== Installation
+
+=== Server side
+
+----
+git clone https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose
+cd mongoose/examples/web_demo
+make cloud_side && ./cloud_side 0.0.0.0:8080
+----
+
+=== Raspberry Pi
+
+The instructions provided here are tailored for the Raspbian distribution.
+
+==== Dependencies
+
+jpegoptim::
+apt-get install jpegoptim
+
+camera::
+run raspi-config and enable camera
+
+==== LED
+
+In order to access the led on your link:http://www.qdh.org.uk/wordpress/?page_id=15[HotPi]
+board you need to export the gpio pins:
+
+----
+for i in 22 23 24; do
+  echo $i >/sys/class/gpio/export
+  echo out >/sys/class/gpio/gpio$i/direction
+  chgrp pi /sys/class/gpio/gpio$i/value
+done
+----
+
+==== Build and run
+
+----
+git clone https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose
+cd mongoose/examples/web_demo
+make device_side && ./device_side yourserver:8080
+----

examples/raspberry_pi_mjpeg_led/cloud_side.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This is the cloud endpoint of the Raspberry Pi camera/LED example
+ * of the Mongoose networking library.
+ * It is a simple web server, serving both static files, a REST API handler,
+ * and a WebSocket handler.
+ */
+#include "mongoose.h"
+
+static struct mg_serve_http_opts web_root_opts;
+
+/*
+ * Forwards the jpeg frame data to all open mjpeg connections.
+ *
+ * Incoming messages follow a very simple binary frame format:
+ * 4 bytes: timestamp (in network byte order)
+ * n bytes: jpeg payload
+ *
+ * The timestamp is used to compute a lag.
+ * It's done in a quite stupid way as it requires the device clock
+ * to be synchronized with the cloud endpoint.
+ */
+static void push_frame_to_clients(struct mg_mgr *mgr,
+                                  const struct websocket_message *wm) {
+  struct mg_connection *nc;
+  /*
+   * mjpeg connections are tagged with the NSF_USER_2 flag so we can find them
+   * my scanning the connection list provided by the mongoose manager.
+   */
+  for (nc = mg_next(mgr, NULL); nc != NULL; nc = mg_next(mgr, nc)) {
+    if (!(nc->flags & NSF_USER_2)) continue;  // Ignore un-marked requests
+
+    mg_printf(nc, "--w00t\r\nContent-Type: image/jpeg\r\n"
+              "Content-Length: %lu\r\n\r\n", (unsigned long) wm->size);
+    mg_send(nc, wm->data, wm->size);
+    mg_send(nc, "\r\n", 2);
+    printf("Image pushed to %p\n", nc);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Forwards API payload to the device, by scanning through
+ * all the connections to find those that are tagged as WebSocket.
+ */
+static void send_command_to_the_device(struct mg_mgr *mgr,
+                                       const struct mg_str *cmd) {
+  struct mg_connection *nc;
+  for (nc = mg_next(mgr, NULL); nc != NULL; nc = mg_next(mgr, nc)) {
+    if (!(nc->flags & NSF_IS_WEBSOCKET)) continue;  // Ignore non-websocket requests
+
+    mg_send_websocket_frame(nc, WEBSOCKET_OP_TEXT, cmd->p, cmd->len);
+    printf("Sent API command [%.*s] to %p\n", (int) cmd->len, cmd->p, nc);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Main event handler. Receives data events and dispatches to
+ * the appropriate handler function.
+ *
+ * 1. RESTful API requests are handled by send_command_to_the_device.
+ * 2. requests to /mpeg are established and left open waiting for data to arrive
+ *    from WebSocket.
+ * 3. WebSocket frames are handled by push_frame_to_clients.
+ * 4. All other connections are passed to the mg_serve_http handler
+ *    which serves static files.
+ */
+static void ev_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *ev_data) {
+  struct websocket_message *wm = (struct websocket_message *) ev_data;
+  struct http_message *hm = (struct http_message *) ev_data;
+
+  switch (ev) {
+    case NS_HTTP_REQUEST:
+      if (mg_vcmp(&hm->uri, "/mjpg") == 0) {
+        nc->flags |= NSF_USER_2;   /* Set a mark on image requests */
+        mg_printf(nc, "%s",
+                "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n"
+                "Cache-Control: no-cache\r\n"
+                "Pragma: no-cache\r\n"
+                "Expires: Thu, 01 Dec 1994 16:00:00 GMT\r\n"
+                "Connection: close\r\n"
+                "Content-Type: multipart/x-mixed-replace; "
+                "boundary=--w00t\r\n\r\n");
+      } else if (mg_vcmp(&hm->uri, "/api") == 0 && hm->body.len > 0) {
+        /*
+         * RESTful API call. HTTP message body should be a JSON message.
+         * We should parse it and take appropriate action.
+         * In our case, simply forward that call to the device.
+         */
+        printf("API CALL: [%.*s] [%.*s]\n", (int) hm->method.len, hm->method.p,
+               (int) hm->body.len, hm->body.p);
+        send_command_to_the_device(nc->mgr, &hm->body);
+        mg_printf(nc, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\nContent-Length: 0\n\n");
+      } else {
+        /* Delegate to the static web server handler for all other paths. */
+        mg_serve_http(nc, hm, web_root_opts);
+      }
+      break;
+    case NS_WEBSOCKET_FRAME:
+      printf("Got websocket frame, size %lu\n", (unsigned long) wm->size);
+      push_frame_to_clients(nc->mgr, wm);
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  struct mg_connection *nc;
+
+  if (argc != 2) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <listening_addr>\n", argv[0]);
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+
+  printf("Listening on: [%s]\n", argv[1]);
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+
+  /*
+   * mg_bind() creates a listening connection on a given ip:port and
+   * with an attached event handler.
+   * The event handler will only trigger TCP events until the http
+   * protocol handler is installed.
+   */
+  if ((nc = mg_bind(&mgr, argv[1], ev_handler)) == NULL) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Error binding to %s\n", argv[1]);
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+  mg_set_protocol_http_websocket(nc);
+  web_root_opts.document_root =  "./web_root";
+
+  /*
+   * We explicitly hand over control to the Mongoose manager
+   * in this event loop and we can easily multiplex other activities.
+   */
+  for(;;) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, 1000);
+  }
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}

examples/raspberry_pi_mjpeg_led/device_side.c

+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software Limited
+ * All rights reserved
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This is the device endpoint of the Raspberry Pi camera/LED example
+ * of the Mongoose networking library.
+ * It is a simple websocket client, sending jpeg frames obtained from the
+ * RPi camera and receiving JSON commands through the same WebSocket channel
+ */
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include "mongoose.h"
+
+static int s_poll_interval_ms = 100;
+static int s_still_period = 100;
+static int s_vertical_flip = 0;
+static int s_width = 320;
+static int s_height = 180;
+static const char *s_mjpg_file = "/var/run/shm/cam.jpg";
+
+static struct mg_connection *client;
+
+/*
+ * Check if there is a new image available and
+ * send it to the cloud endpoint if the send buffer is not too full.
+ * The image is moved in a new file by the jpeg optimizer function;
+ * this ensures that we will detect a new frame when raspistill writes
+ * it's output file.
+ */
+static void send_mjpg_frame(struct mg_connection *nc, const char *file_path) {
+  static int skipped_frames = 0;
+  struct stat st;
+  FILE *fp;
+
+  /* Check file modification time. */
+  if (stat(file_path, &st) == 0) {
+    /* Skip the frame if there is too much unsent data. */
+    if (nc->send_mbuf.len > 256) skipped_frames++;
+
+    /* Read new mjpg frame into a buffer */
+    fp = fopen(file_path, "rb");
+    char buf[st.st_size];
+    fread(buf, 1, sizeof(buf), fp);
+    fclose(fp);
+
+    /*
+     * Delete the file so we can detect when raspistill creates a new one.
+     * mtime granularity is only 1s.
+     */
+    unlink(file_path);
+
+    /* Send those buffer through the websocket connection */
+    mg_send_websocket_frame(nc, WEBSOCKET_OP_BINARY, buf, sizeof(buf));
+    printf("Sent mjpg frame, %lu bytes after skippping %d frames\n", (unsigned long) sizeof(buf), skipped_frames);
+    skipped_frames = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Turn on or off the LED.
+ * The LED in this example is an RGB led, so all the colors have to be set.
+ */
+static void set_led(int v) {
+  char cmd[512];
+  snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "for i in 22 23 24; do"
+           " echo %d >/sys/class/gpio/gpio$i/value; done", v);
+  system(cmd);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse control JSON and perform command:
+ * for now only LED on/off is supported.
+ */
+static void perform_control_command(const char* data, size_t len) {
+  struct json_token toks[200], *onoff;
+  parse_json(data, len, toks, sizeof(toks));
+  onoff = find_json_token(toks, "onoff");
+  set_led(strncmp("[\"on\"]", onoff->ptr, onoff->len) == 0);
+}
+
+/* Main event handler. Sends websocket frames and receives control commands */
+static void ev_handler(struct mg_connection *nc, int ev, void *ev_data) {
+  struct websocket_message *wm = (struct websocket_message *) ev_data;
+
+  switch (ev) {
+    case NS_CONNECT:
+      printf("Reconnect: %s\n", * (int *) ev_data == 0 ? "ok" : "failed");
+      if (* (int *) ev_data == 0) {
+        /*
+         * Tune the tcp send buffer size, so that we can skip frames
+         * when the connection is congested. This helps maintaining a
+         * reasonable latency.
+         */
+        int sndbuf_size = 512;
+        if(setsockopt(nc->sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF,
+                      (void *) &sndbuf_size, sizeof(int)) == -1) {
+          perror("failed to tune TCP send buffer size\n");
+        }
+
+        mg_send_websocket_handshake(nc, "/stream", NULL);
+      }
+      break;
+    case NS_CLOSE:
+      printf("Connection %p closed\n", nc);
+      client = NULL;
+      break;
+    case NS_POLL:
+      send_mjpg_frame(nc, s_mjpg_file);
+      break;
+    case NS_WEBSOCKET_FRAME:
+      printf("Got control command: [%.*s]\n", (int) wm->size, wm->data);
+      perform_control_command((const char*)wm->data, wm->size);
+      break;
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+ * This thread regenerates s_mjpg_file every s_poll_interval_ms milliseconds.
+ * It is Raspberry PI specific, change this function on other systems.
+ */
+static void *generate_mjpg_data_thread_func(void *param) {
+  char cmd[400];
+  (void) param;
+
+  snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd), "raspistill -w %d -h %d -n -q 100 -tl %d "
+                "-t 999999999 -v %s -o %s >/dev/null 2>&1", s_width, s_height,
+                s_still_period, s_vertical_flip ? "-vf" : "", s_mjpg_file);
+
+  for(;;) {
+    int ret = system(cmd);
+    if (WIFSIGNALED(ret)) exit(1);
+    sleep(1);
+  }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+  struct mg_mgr mgr;
+  char *addr = argv[1];
+
+  if (argc < 2) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <server_address>\n", argv[0]);
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+
+  /* Start separate thread that generates MJPG data */
+  mg_start_thread(generate_mjpg_data_thread_func, NULL);
+
+  printf("Streaming [%s] to [%s]\n", s_mjpg_file, addr);
+
+  mg_mgr_init(&mgr, NULL);
+
+  for(;;) {
+    mg_mgr_poll(&mgr, s_poll_interval_ms);
+
+    /* Reconnect if disconnected */
+    if (!client) {
+      sleep(1); /* limit reconnections frequency */
+      printf("Reconnecting to %s...\n", addr);
+      client = mg_connect(&mgr, addr, ev_handler);
+      if (client) mg_set_protocol_http_websocket(client);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}

examples/raspberry_pi_mjpeg_led/web_root/docs/arch.png

+../../docs/arch.png
\ No newline at end of file

examples/raspberry_pi_mjpeg_led/web_root/index.html

+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <!-- Required meta tags-->
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, user-scalable=no, minimal-ui">
+    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
+    <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">
+
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="framework7.min.css">
+
+    <title>Smart.c mjpg example</title>
+    <style type="text/css">
+     .image img {
+       display: block;
+       margin-left: auto;
+       margin-right: auto;
+     }
+    </style>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+
+    <!-- Status bar overlay for full screen mode (PhoneGap) -->
+    <div class="statusbar-overlay"></div>
+
+    <!-- Views -->
+    <div class="views">
+      <!-- Your main view, should have "view-main" class -->
+      <div class="view view-main">
+        <!-- Top Navbar-->
+        <div class="navbar">
+          <div class="navbar-inner">
+            <!-- We need cool sliding animation on title element, so we have additional "sliding" class -->
+            <div class="left">
+              <a href="docs/docs/doc.html" class="link" onclick="location='docs/docs/doc.html'">
+                <span>About</span>
+              </a>
+            </div>
+            <div class="center sliding">Remote Camera</div>
+            <div class="right sliding">
+              <a href="https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose/tree/master/examples/raspberry_pi_mjpeg_led" class="link" onclick="location='https://github.com/cesanta/mongoose/tree/master/examples/raspberry_pi_mjpeg_led'">
+                <span>Github</span>
+                <i class="icon icon-next"></i>
+              </a>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+        <!-- Pages container, because we use fixed-through navbar and toolbar, it has additional appropriate classes-->
+        <div class="pages navbar-through toolbar-through">
+          <!-- Page, "data-page" contains page name -->
+          <div data-page="index" class="page">
+            <!-- Scrollable page content -->
+            <div class="page-content">
+              <div class="content-block-title">Camera View</div>
+              <div class="content-block image">
+                <img src="/mjpg">
+              </div>
+
+              <div class="content-block-title">Device Control</div>
+              <div class="list-block">
+
+                <form action="/api" method="GET" enctype="application/json"
+                      id="form-control">
+                  <ul>
+
+                    <!-- Switch (Checkbox) -->
+                    <li>
+                      <div class="item-content">
+                        <div class="item-inner">
+                          <div class="item-title label">LED on/off</div>
+                          <div class="item-input">
+                            <label class="label-switch">
+                              <input type="checkbox" name="onoff">
+                              <div class="checkbox"></div>
+                            </label>
+                          </div>
+                        </div>
+                      </div>
+                    </li>
+                  </ul>
+                </form>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <script type="text/javascript" src="framework7.min.js"></script>
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+      var myApp = new Framework7({
+        pushState: true,
+        swipePanel: 'left',
+        // ... other parameters
+      });
+      Dom7(document).on('change', '#form-control', function(ev) {
+        var data = myApp.formToJSON('#form-control');
+        var json = JSON.stringify(data);
+        Dom7.ajax({
+          url: '/api',
+          method: 'POST',
+          contentType: 'application/json',
+          data: json
+        });
+      });
+    </script>
+  </body>
+</html>

examples/restful_api/Makefile

-# Copyright (c) 2014 Cesanta Software
-# All rights reserved
-
-PROG = restful_api
-CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -g -O0 $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
-SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
-
-$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
-	$(CC) -o $(PROG) $(SOURCES) $(CFLAGS)
-
-clean:
-	rm -rf $(PROG) *.exe *.dSYM *.obj *.exp .*o *.lib

examples/restful_client/Makefile

+PROG = restful_client
+SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread $(CFLAGS_EXTRA)
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I../.. /MD /Fe$@
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)

examples/rules.mk

+SOURCES = $(PROG).c ../../mongoose.c
+CFLAGS = -W -Wall -I../.. -pthread -DNS_ENABLE_SSL -DNS_ENABLE_IPV6 -DNS_ENABLE_THREADS -lssl -lcrypto $(CFLAGS_EXTRA) $(MODULE_CFLAGS)
+
+all: $(PROG)
+
+$(PROG): $(SOURCES)
+	$(CC) $(SOURCES) -o $@ $(CFLAGS)
+
+$(PROG).exe: $(SOURCES)
+	cl $(SOURCES) /I../.. /DNS_ENABLE_SSL /MD /Fe$@
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.gc* *.dSYM *.exe *.obj *.o a.out $(PROG)