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README.md
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Twisted REST micro-framework Twisted REST micro-framework
================================ ================================
Based on *Flask* API, with plans for integrated multiprocessing support for full usage of all CPUs. Inspired by the *Flask* API.
Provides a more Flask/Sinatra-style API on top of the core *twisted.web* APIs. Provides a more Flask/Sinatra-style API on top of the core *twisted.web* APIs.
Geared towards creating REST-oriented server platforms. See our HTML documentation:
Tested on PyPy (recommended) and Python 2.7 for maximum performance. http://jacek99.github.com/corepost/
Single REST module example or the PDF version:
-------------------------- https://github.com/jacek99/corepost/raw/master/doc/build/latex/CorePost.pdf
The simplest possible REST application:
from corepost.web import route, RESTResource
from corepost.enums import Http
class RESTService():
@route("/",Http.GET)
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.path
@route("/test",Http.GET)
def test(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.path
@route("/test/<int:numericid>",Http.GET)
def test_get_resources(self,request,numericid,**kwargs):
return "%s" % numericid
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = RESTResource((RESTService,))
app.run()
Multi-module REST application
--------------------------------
Once can assemble a multi-module REST applications with
different REST services responding from different context paths.
Notice the class *path* attribute which provides a common URL prefix for all REST operations
on a particular service:
from corepost import Response, NotFoundException, AlreadyExistsException
from corepost.web import RESTResource, route, Http
class CustomerRESTService():
path = "/customer"
@route("/")
def getAll(self,request):
return DB.getAllCustomers()
@route("/<customerId>")
def get(self,request,customerId):
return DB.getCustomer(customerId)
@route("/",Http.POST)
def post(self,request,customerId,firstName,lastName):
customer = Customer(customerId, firstName, lastName)
DB.saveCustomer(customer)
return Response(201)
@route("/<customerId>",Http.PUT)
def put(self,request,customerId,firstName,lastName):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
(c.firstName,c.lastName) = (firstName,lastName)
return Response(200)
@route("/<customerId>",Http.DELETE)
def delete(self,request,customerId):
DB.deleteCustomer(customerId)
return Response(200)
@route("/",Http.DELETE)
def deleteAll(self,request):
DB.deleteAllCustomers()
return Response(200)
class CustomerAddressRESTService():
path = "/customer/<customerId>/address"
@route("/")
def getAll(self,request,customerId):
return DB.getCustomer(customerId).addresses
@route("/<addressId>")
def get(self,request,customerId,addressId):
return DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId)
@route("/",Http.POST)
def post(self,request,customerId,addressId,streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
address = CustomerAddress(streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode)
c.addresses[addressId] = address
return Response(201)
@route("/<addressId>",Http.PUT)
def put(self,request,customerId,addressId,streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode):
address = DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId)
(address.streetNumber,address.streetName,address.stateCode,address.countryCode) = (streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode)
return Response(200)
@route("/<addressId>",Http.DELETE)
def delete(self,request,customerId,addressId):
DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId) #validate address exists
del(DB.getCustomer(customerId).addresses[addressId])
return Response(200)
@route("/",Http.DELETE)
def deleteAll(self,request,customerId):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
c.addresses = {}
return Response(200)
def run_rest_app():
app = RESTResource((CustomerRESTService(),CustomerAddressRESTService()))
app.run(8080)
if __name__ == "__main__":
run_rest_app()
The example above creates 2 REST services and exposes the following resources:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/customer
http://127.0.0.1:8080/customer/<customerId>
http://127.0.0.1:8080/customer/<customerId>/address
http://127.0.0.1:8080/customer/<customerId>/address/<addressId>
Path argument extraction
------------------------
CorePort can easily extract path arguments from an URL and convert them to the desired type.
The supported types are:
* *int*
* *float*
* *string*
Example:
@route("/int/<int:intarg>/float/<float:floatarg>/string/<stringarg>",Http.GET)
def test(self,request,intarg,floatarg,stringarg,**kwargs):
pass
@defer.inlineCallbacks support
------------------------------
If you want a deferred async method, just use *defer.returnValue()*
@route("/",Http.GET)
@defer.inlineCallbacks
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
val1 = yield db.query("SELECT ....")
val2 = yield db.query("SELECT ....")
defer.returnValue(val1 + val2)
Argument validation
-------------------
CorePost integrates the popular 'formencode' package to implement form and query argument validation.
Validators can be specified using a *formencode* Schema object, or via custom field-specific validators, e.g.:
from corepost.web import validate, route
from corepost.enums import Http
from formencode import Schema, validators
class TestSchema(Schema):
allow_extra_fields = True
childId = validators.Regex(regex="^value1|value2$")
class MyApp():
@route("/validate/<int:rootId>/schema",Http.POST)
@validate(schema=TestSchema())
def postValidateSchema(self,request,rootId,childId,**kwargs):
'''Validate using a common schema'''
return "%s - %s - %s" % (rootId,childId,kwargs)
@route("/validate/<int:rootId>/custom",Http.POST)
@validate(childId=validators.Regex(regex="^value1|value2$"))
def postValidateCustom(self,request,rootId,childId,**kwargs):
'''Validate using argument-specific validators'
return "%s - %s - %s" % (rootId,childId,kwargs)
Please see the *FormEncode* <http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/Validator.html> documentation
for list of available validators:
* Common <http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/validators.html#module-formencode.validators>
* National <http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/national.html#module-formencode.national>
Content types
-------------
CorePost integrates support for JSON, YAML and XML (partially) based on request content types.
*Parsing of incoming content*
Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests,
the body will be automatically parsed to JSON, YAML and XML (ElementTree)
* request.json
* request.yaml
* request.xml
and attached to the request:
@route("/post/json",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_json(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % json.dumps(request.json)
@route("/post/xml",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_xml(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % ElementTree.tostring(request.xml)
@route("/post/yaml",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_yaml(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % yaml.dump(request.yaml)
*Routing requests by incoming content type*
Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests, the *same* URL can be hooked up to different router methods:
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
def test_content_app_json(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),(MediaType.TEXT_XML,MediaType.APPLICATION_XML))
def test_content_xml(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),MediaType.TEXT_YAML)
def test_content_yaml(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_content_catch_all(self,request,**kwargs):
return MediaType.WILDCARD
*Converting Python objects to content type based on what caller can accept*
Instead of returning string responses, the code can just return Python objects.
Depending whether the caller can accept JSON (default) or YAML, the Python objects will be automatically converted:
@route("/return/by/accept")
def test_return_content_by_accepts(self,request,**kwargs):
val = [{"test1":"Test1"},{"test2":"Test2"}]
return val
Calling this URL with "Accept: application/json" will return:
[{"test1": "Test1"}, {"test2": "Test2"}]
Calling it with "Accept: text/yaml" will return:
- {test1: Test1}
- {test2: Test2}
HTTP codes
------------------
Success:
* 200 (OK) - GET, DELETE, PUT
* 201 (Created) - POST
Errors:
* 404 - not able to match any URL
* 400 - missing mandatory argument (driven from the arguments on the actual functions)
* 400 - argument failed validation
* 500 - server error
Filters
-----------------
There is support for CorePost resource filters via the two following *corepost.filter* interfaces:
class IRequestFilter(Interface):
"""Request filter interface"""
def filterRequest(self,request):
"""Allows to intercept and change an incoming request"""
pass
class IResponseFilter(Interface):
"""Response filter interface"""
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
"""Allows to intercept and change an outgoing response"""
pass
A filter class can implement either of them or both (for a wrap around filter), e.g.:
class AddCustomHeaderFilter():
"""Implements a request filter that adds a custom header to the incoming request"""
zope.interface.implements(IRequestFilter)
def filterRequest(self,request):
request.received_headers["Custom-Header"] = "Custom Header Value"
class Change404to503Filter():
"""Implements just a response filter that changes 404 to 503 statuses"""
zope.interface.implements(IResponseFilter)
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
if response.code == 404:
response.code = 503
class WrapAroundFilter():
"""Implements both types of filters in one class"""
zope.interface.implements(IRequestFilter,IResponseFilter)
def filterRequest(self,request):
request.received_headers["X-Wrap-Input"] = "Input"
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
response.headers["X-Wrap-Output"] = "Output"
In order to activate the filters on a RESTResource instance, you need to pass a list of them in the constructor as the *filters* parameter, e.g.:
class FilterApp():
@route("/",Http.GET)
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers
def run_filter_app():
app = RESTResource(services=((FilterApp(),),filters=(Change404to503Filter(),AddCustomHeaderFilter(),WrapAroundFilter(),))
app.run(8083)
Performance
-----------
On par with raw *twisted.web* performance. Minimal overhead for URL routing and function argument extraction.
BDD unit tests
--------------
All unit tests for CorePost are in BDD feature format, using Freshen.
Can be run using:
nosetests --with-freshen -v
Plans
-----
* integrate multi core support
corepost/security.py 0 → 100644
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'''
Enhancements to core Twisted security
@author: jacekf
'''
from twisted.cred.checkers import ICredentialsChecker, FilePasswordDB
from zope.interface import implements
from beaker.cache import CacheManager
from beaker.util import parse_cache_config_options
class CachedCredentialsChecker:
"""A cached credentials checker wrapper. It will forward calls to the actual credentials checker only when the cache expires (or on first call)"""
implements(ICredentialsChecker)
def __init__(self,credentialInterfaces,credentialsChecker):
self.credentialInterfaces = credentialInterfaces
self.checker = credentialsChecker
def requestAvatarId(self,credentials):
pass
class SqlCredentialsChecker:
"""A SQL checked to compare usernames and passwords to a DB table, with support for custom comparison (plaintext, hash, etc)"""
implements(ICredentialsChecker)
def __init__(self,dbpool,userTable,usernameColumn,passwordColumn,passwordChecker = None):
"""Constructor
@param dbpool: adbapi DB connection pool
@param userTable: Name of the table containing list of users
@param userameColumn: Name of column containing the user name
@param passwordColumn: Name of column containing the user password (or its hash)
@param passwordChecker: A lambda that compares the incoming password due what is stored in DB (plaintext comparison (not recommended, insecure), hash, decryption, etc.)
"""
self.dbpool = dbpool
self.userTable = userTable
self.usernameColumn = usernameColumn
self.passwordColumn = passwordColumn
self.passwordChecker = passwordChecker
def requestAvatarId(self,credentials):
pass
\ No newline at end of file
doc/build/html/.buildinfo 0 → 100644
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# Sphinx build info version 1
# This file hashes the configuration used when building these files. When it is not found, a full rebuild will be done.
config: 85f542c5812a83c65e62d87283293d45
tags: fbb0d17656682115ca4d033fb2f83ba1
doc/build/html/_sources/arguments.txt 0 → 100644
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Argument validation
===================
CorePost integrates the popular 'formencode' package to implement form and query argument validation.
Validators can be specified using a *formencode* Schema object, or via custom field-specific validators.
Example::
from corepost.web import validate, route
from corepost.enums import Http
from formencode import Schema, validators
class TestSchema(Schema):
allow_extra_fields = True
childId = validators.Regex(regex="^value1|value2$")
class MyApp():
@route("/validate/<int:rootId>/schema",Http.POST)
@validate(schema=TestSchema())
def postValidateSchema(self,request,rootId,childId,**kwargs):
'''Validate using a common schema'''
return "%s - %s - %s" % (rootId,childId,kwargs)
@route("/validate/<int:rootId>/custom",Http.POST)
@validate(childId=validators.Regex(regex="^value1|value2$"))
def postValidateCustom(self,request,rootId,childId,**kwargs):
'''Validate using argument-specific validators'''
return "%s - %s - %s" % (rootId,childId,kwargs)
Please see the *FormEncode* documentation:
http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/Validator.html
for list of available validators:
* Common : http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/validators.html#module-formencode.validators
* National : http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/national.html#module-formencode.national
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Asynchronous Operations
=================
@defer.inlineCallbacks support
-----------------------
If you want a deferred async method, just use *defer.returnValue()*::
@route("/",Http.GET)
@defer.inlineCallbacks
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
val1 = yield db.query("SELECT ....")
val2 = yield db.query("SELECT ....")
defer.returnValue(val1 + val2)
This is standard Twisted functionality.
doc/build/html/_sources/content_types.txt 0 → 100644
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Content types
=============
CorePost integrates support for JSON, YAML and XML (partially) based on request content types.
Parsing of incoming content
---------------------------
Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests,
the body will be automatically parsed to JSON, YAML and XML (ElementTree)
* request.json
* request.yaml
* request.xml
and attached to the request::
@route("/post/json",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_json(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % json.dumps(request.json)
@route("/post/xml",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_xml(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % ElementTree.tostring(request.xml)
@route("/post/yaml",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_yaml(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % yaml.dump(request.yaml)
Converting Python objects to expected content type
--------------------------------------------------
Instead of returning string responses, the code can just return Python objects.
Depending whether the caller can accept JSON (default) or YAML, the Python objects will be automatically converted::
@route("/return/by/accept")
def test_return_content_by_accepts(self,request,**kwargs):
val = [{"test1":"Test1"},{"test2":"Test2"}]
return val
Calling this URL with "Accept: application/json" will return:
::
[{"test1": "Test1"}, {"test2": "Test2"}]
Calling it with "Accept: text/yaml" will return:
::
- {test1: Test1}
- {test2: Test2}
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Features
=================
Here is a breakdown of key CorePost features
URL Routing
-----------
@route decorator
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Via a simple *@route* decorator you can automatically route *twisted.web* Request objects to your class method
based on URL (with dynamic paths), HTTP method, expected content type, etc::
from corepost.web import route, RESTResource
from corepost.enums import Http
class RESTService():
@route("/",Http.GET)
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.path
@route("/test",Http.GET)
def test(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.path
@route("/test/<int:numericid>",Http.GET)
def test_get_resources(self,request,numericid,**kwargs):
return "%s" % numericid
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = RESTResource((RESTService,))
app.run()
*Note*:
This piece of code::
app.run()
is just for convenience when showing code samples and writing unit tests.
In a real production application you would use existing Twisted *twistd* functionality:
* http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/basics.html
* http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/application.html
* http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/tap.html
Path argument extraction
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
CorePort can easily extract path arguments from an URL and convert them to the desired type.
The supported types are:
* *int*
* *float*
* *string*
Example::
@route("/int/<int:intarg>/float/<float:floatarg>/string/<stringarg>",Http.GET)
def test(self,request,intarg,floatarg,stringarg,**kwargs):
pass
Argument validation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
CorePost integrates the popular 'formencode' package to implement form and query argument validation.
Validators can be specified using a *formencode* Schema object, or via custom field-specific validators.
Example::
from corepost.web import validate, route
from corepost.enums import Http
from formencode import Schema, validators
class TestSchema(Schema):
allow_extra_fields = True
childId = validators.Regex(regex="^value1|value2$")
class MyApp():
@route("/validate/<int:rootId>/schema",Http.POST)
@validate(schema=TestSchema())
def postValidateSchema(self,request,rootId,childId,**kwargs):
'''Validate using a common schema'''
return "%s - %s - %s" % (rootId,childId,kwargs)
@route("/validate/<int:rootId>/custom",Http.POST)
@validate(childId=validators.Regex(regex="^value1|value2$"))
def postValidateCustom(self,request,rootId,childId,**kwargs):
'''Validate using argument-specific validators'
return "%s - %s - %s" % (rootId,childId,kwargs)
Please see the *FormEncode* <http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/Validator.html> documentation
for list of available validators:
* Common <http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/validators.html#module-formencode.validators>
* National <http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/national.html#module-formencode.national>
Multiple REST services under a common root URL
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
A typical case in REST is where you have parent/child resources (business entities), e.g.
::
Customer
Customer Address
Customer Phone
Customer Order
Customer Invoice
Customer Invoice Payment
etc.
This can create a URL structure like:
::
/customer
/customer/<customerId>
/customer/<customerId>/address
/customer/<customerId>/address/<addressId>
/customer/<customerId>/phone
/customer/<customerId>/phone/<phoneId>
/customer/<customerId>/invoice
/customer/<customerId>/invoice/<invoiceId>
/customer/<customerId>/invoice/<invoiceId>/payment
/customer/<customerId>/invoice/<invoiceId>/payment/<paymentId>
CorePost allows you to write small, modular classes that implement a REST service for just a single entity,
driven by URL paths with dynamic elements in them (e.g. the *customerId*, *invoiceId*, *paymentId* path parameters in the sample above).
You do not have to mesh all these different entities in a single class.
At the end, you wrap all of the different REST services in a single *RESTResource* object (which extends the regular Twisted Web Resource object)
and it takes care of routing the request to the appropriate class.
Here is a full-blown example of two REST services for Customer and Customer Address::
from corepost import Response, NotFoundException, AlreadyExistsException
from corepost.web import RESTResource, route, Http
class CustomerRESTService():
path = "/customer"
@route("/")
def getAll(self,request):
return DB.getAllCustomers()
@route("/<customerId>")
def get(self,request,customerId):
return DB.getCustomer(customerId)
@route("/",Http.POST)
def post(self,request,customerId,firstName,lastName):
customer = Customer(customerId, firstName, lastName)
DB.saveCustomer(customer)
return Response(201)
@route("/<customerId>",Http.PUT)
def put(self,request,customerId,firstName,lastName):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
(c.firstName,c.lastName) = (firstName,lastName)
return Response(200)
@route("/<customerId>",Http.DELETE)
def delete(self,request,customerId):
DB.deleteCustomer(customerId)
return Response(200)
@route("/",Http.DELETE)
def deleteAll(self,request):
DB.deleteAllCustomers()
return Response(200)
class CustomerAddressRESTService():
path = "/customer/<customerId>/address"
@route("/")
def getAll(self,request,customerId):
return DB.getCustomer(customerId).addresses
@route("/<addressId>")
def get(self,request,customerId,addressId):
return DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId)
@route("/",Http.POST)
def post(self,request,customerId,addressId,streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
address = CustomerAddress(streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode)
c.addresses[addressId] = address
return Response(201)
@route("/<addressId>",Http.PUT)
def put(self,request,customerId,addressId,streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode):
address = DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId)
(address.streetNumber,address.streetName,address.stateCode,address.countryCode) = (streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode)
return Response(200)
@route("/<addressId>",Http.DELETE)
def delete(self,request,customerId,addressId):
DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId) #validate address exists
del(DB.getCustomer(customerId).addresses[addressId])
return Response(200)
@route("/",Http.DELETE)
def deleteAll(self,request,customerId):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
c.addresses = {}
return Response(200)
def run_rest_app():
app = RESTResource((CustomerRESTService(),CustomerAddressRESTService()))
app.run(8080)
if __name__ == "__main__":
run_rest_app()
Content types
-------------
CorePost integrates support for JSON, YAML and XML (partially) based on request content types.
*Parsing of incoming content*
Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests,
the body will be automatically parsed to JSON, YAML and XML (ElementTree)
* request.json
* request.yaml
* request.xml
and attached to the request::
@route("/post/json",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_json(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % json.dumps(request.json)
@route("/post/xml",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_xml(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % ElementTree.tostring(request.xml)
@route("/post/yaml",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_yaml(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % yaml.dump(request.yaml)
Routing requests by incoming content type
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests, the *same* URL can be hooked up to different router methods::
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
def test_content_app_json(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),(MediaType.TEXT_XML,MediaType.APPLICATION_XML))
def test_content_xml(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),MediaType.TEXT_YAML)
def test_content_yaml(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_content_catch_all(self,request,**kwargs):
return MediaType.WILDCARD
Converting Python objects to content type based on what caller can accept
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Instead of returning string responses, the code can just return Python objects.
Depending whether the caller can accept JSON (default) or YAML, the Python objects will be automatically converted::
@route("/return/by/accept")
def test_return_content_by_accepts(self,request,**kwargs):
val = [{"test1":"Test1"},{"test2":"Test2"}]
return val
Calling this URL with "Accept: application/json" will return:
::
[{"test1": "Test1"}, {"test2": "Test2"}]
Calling it with "Accept: text/yaml" will return:
::
- {test1: Test1}
- {test2: Test2}
Filters
-----------------
There is support for CorePost resource filters via the two following *corepost.filter* interfaces::
class IRequestFilter(Interface):
"""Request filter interface"""
def filterRequest(self,request):
"""Allows to intercept and change an incoming request"""
pass
class IResponseFilter(Interface):
"""Response filter interface"""
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
"""Allows to intercept and change an outgoing response"""
pass
A filter class can implement either of them or both (for a wrap around filter), e.g.::
class AddCustomHeaderFilter():
"""Implements a request filter that adds a custom header to the incoming request"""
zope.interface.implements(IRequestFilter)
def filterRequest(self,request):
request.received_headers["Custom-Header"] = "Custom Header Value"
class Change404to503Filter():
"""Implements just a response filter that changes 404 to 503 statuses"""
zope.interface.implements(IResponseFilter)
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
if response.code == 404:
response.code = 503
class WrapAroundFilter():
"""Implements both types of filters in one class"""
zope.interface.implements(IRequestFilter,IResponseFilter)
def filterRequest(self,request):
request.received_headers["X-Wrap-Input"] = "Input"
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
response.headers["X-Wrap-Output"] = "Output"
In order to activate the filters on a RESTResource instance, you need to pass a list of them in the constructor as the *filters* parameter, e.g.::
class FilterApp():
@route("/",Http.GET)
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers
def run_filter_app():
app = RESTResource(services=((FilterApp(),),filters=(Change404to503Filter(),AddCustomHeaderFilter(),WrapAroundFilter(),))
app.run(8083)
Asynchronous Operations
-----------------------
@defer.inlineCallbacks support
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you want a deferred async method, just use *defer.returnValue()*::
@route("/",Http.GET)
@defer.inlineCallbacks
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
val1 = yield db.query("SELECT ....")
val2 = yield db.query("SELECT ....")
defer.returnValue(val1 + val2)
This is standard Twisted functionality.
HTTP codes
------------------
By default, CorePost returns the appropriate HTTP code based on the HTTP method:
Success:
* 200 (OK) - GET, DELETE, PUT
* 201 (Created) - POST
Errors:
* 404 - not able to match any URL
* 400 - missing mandatory argument (driven from the arguments on the actual functions)
* 400 - argument failed validation
* 500 - server error
doc/build/html/_sources/filters.txt 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
Filters
=======
There is support for CorePost resource filters via the two following *corepost.filter* interfaces::
class IRequestFilter(Interface):
"""Request filter interface"""
def filterRequest(self,request):
"""Allows to intercept and change an incoming request"""
pass
class IResponseFilter(Interface):
"""Response filter interface"""
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
"""Allows to intercept and change an outgoing response"""
pass
A filter class can implement either of them or both (for a wrap around filter), e.g.::
class AddCustomHeaderFilter():
"""Implements a request filter that adds a custom header to the incoming request"""
zope.interface.implements(IRequestFilter)
def filterRequest(self,request):
request.received_headers["Custom-Header"] = "Custom Header Value"
class Change404to503Filter():
"""Implements just a response filter that changes 404 to 503 statuses"""
zope.interface.implements(IResponseFilter)
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
if response.code == 404:
response.code = 503
class WrapAroundFilter():
"""Implements both types of filters in one class"""
zope.interface.implements(IRequestFilter,IResponseFilter)
def filterRequest(self,request):
request.received_headers["X-Wrap-Input"] = "Input"
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
response.headers["X-Wrap-Output"] = "Output"
In order to activate the filters on a RESTResource instance, you need to pass a list of them in the constructor as the *filters* parameter, e.g.::
class FilterApp:
@route("/",Http.GET)
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers
def run_filter_app():
app = RESTResource(services=(FilterApp(),),filters=(Change404to503Filter(),AddCustomHeaderFilter(),WrapAroundFilter(),))
app.run(8083)
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HTTP codes
==========
By default, CorePost returns the appropriate HTTP code based on the HTTP method:
Success:
* 200 (OK) - GET, DELETE, PUT
* 201 (Created) - POST
Errors:
* 404 - not able to match any URL.
* 400 - missing mandatory argument (driven from the arguments on the actual functions)
* 400 - argument failed validation
* 500 - server error
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CorePost
====================================
A Twisted REST micro-framework
------------------------------
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 4
intro
Features
--------
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 4
url_routing
arguments
content_types
filters
http_codes
async
modules
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Introduction
============
What is CorePost?
-----------------
CorePost is a Python REST micro-framework. It is meant for building enterprise-grade REST server applications that provide
API services to other applications and/or a UI layer (coded in any framework or language).
More importantly, CorePost is an asynchronous I/O web framework (similar to Node.js).
Hence it relies on asynchronous I/O operations, which are extremely efficient, but somewhat more complicated to code.
Fortunately, CorePost does not create it's own async I/O library, but instead uses under the mature, well documented
and extremely well designed Twisted library, in particular its web layer (known simply as twisted.web)
Coupled with a JIT runtime like PyPy, this should give you the ability to develop REST server side applications
that will be extremely performant in production, yet (hopefully) fun and productive to develop.
What is Twisted?
----------------
Twisted is a very mature Python async I/O network toolkit:
http://twistedmatrix.com/trac/
Understanding core principles behind Twisted and its APIs is required (at least at a basic level) before coding any CorePost application.
Hence we recommend either reading the very thorough developer's guide:
http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/book.pdf
or the excellent Twisted tutorials from Dave Peticolas:
http://krondo.com/blog/?page_id=1327
In particular, understanding the core Twisted Deferred object (and its productive inline callback approach) are crucial
to productive usage of Twisted APIs for writing asynchronous web applications.
What does CorePost add on top of Twisted Web?
---------------------------------------------
Mostly productivity features that take of low-level plumbing such as:
* routing request to handler methods
* automatic parsing of JSON/YAML/XML input
* automatic conversion of Python objects and classes to JSON / YAML / XML formats
* simplified exception handling
* custom request / response filters
However, this is a very thin layer. Once you get to write some serious code that interacts with an external system (e.g. a SQL database)
you are writing a hard-code Twisted web application. CorePost is just there to make it easier for you and let you focus on business logic,
while letting it take care of common required plumbing. That's it.
A CorePost application is nothing more than a *twisted.web* application under the hood.
Why would I use CorePost instead of Node.js?
--------------------------------------------
As you develop more Twisted code, you will realize how its elegant and powerful *Deferred* object
(and especially inline callbacks) make developing *readable* asynchronous code much more pleasant than any other solution.
\ No newline at end of file
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Modular REST applications
=========================
A typical case in REST is where you have parent/child resources (business entities), e.g.
::
Customer
Customer Address
Customer Phone
Customer Order
Customer Invoice
Customer Invoice Payment
etc.
This can create a URL structure like:
::
/customer
/customer/<customerId>
/customer/<customerId>/address
/customer/<customerId>/address/<addressId>
/customer/<customerId>/phone
/customer/<customerId>/phone/<phoneId>
/customer/<customerId>/invoice
/customer/<customerId>/invoice/<invoiceId>
/customer/<customerId>/invoice/<invoiceId>/payment
/customer/<customerId>/invoice/<invoiceId>/payment/<paymentId>
CorePost allows you to write small, modular classes that implement a REST service for just a single entity,
driven by URL paths with dynamic elements in them (e.g. the *customerId*, *invoiceId*, *paymentId* path parameters in the sample above).
You do not have to mesh all these different entities in a single class.
At the end, you wrap all of the different REST services in a single *RESTResource* object (which extends the regular Twisted Web Resource object)
and it takes care of routing the request to the appropriate class.
Here is a full-blown example of two REST services for Customer and Customer Address::
from corepost import Response, NotFoundException, AlreadyExistsException
from corepost.web import RESTResource, route, Http
class CustomerRESTService():
path = "/customer"
@route("/")
def getAll(self,request):
return DB.getAllCustomers()
@route("/<customerId>")
def get(self,request,customerId):
return DB.getCustomer(customerId)
@route("/",Http.POST)
def post(self,request,customerId,firstName,lastName):
customer = Customer(customerId, firstName, lastName)
DB.saveCustomer(customer)
return Response(201)
@route("/<customerId>",Http.PUT)
def put(self,request,customerId,firstName,lastName):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
(c.firstName,c.lastName) = (firstName,lastName)
return Response(200)
@route("/<customerId>",Http.DELETE)
def delete(self,request,customerId):
DB.deleteCustomer(customerId)
return Response(200)
@route("/",Http.DELETE)
def deleteAll(self,request):
DB.deleteAllCustomers()
return Response(200)
class CustomerAddressRESTService():
path = "/customer/<customerId>/address"
@route("/")
def getAll(self,request,customerId):
return DB.getCustomer(customerId).addresses
@route("/<addressId>")
def get(self,request,customerId,addressId):
return DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId)
@route("/",Http.POST)
def post(self,request,customerId,addressId,streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
address = CustomerAddress(streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode)
c.addresses[addressId] = address
return Response(201)
@route("/<addressId>",Http.PUT)
def put(self,request,customerId,addressId,streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode):
address = DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId)
(address.streetNumber,address.streetName,address.stateCode,address.countryCode) = (streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode)
return Response(200)
@route("/<addressId>",Http.DELETE)
def delete(self,request,customerId,addressId):
DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId) #validate address exists
del(DB.getCustomer(customerId).addresses[addressId])
return Response(200)
@route("/",Http.DELETE)
def deleteAll(self,request,customerId):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
c.addresses = {}
return Response(200)
def run_rest_app():
app = RESTResource((CustomerRESTService(),CustomerAddressRESTService()))
app.run(8080)
if __name__ == "__main__":
run_rest_app()
doc/build/html/_sources/url_routing.txt 0 → 100644
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URL Routing
=================
@route decorator
----------------
Via a simple *@route* decorator you can automatically route *twisted.web* Request objects to your class method
based on URL (with dynamic paths), HTTP method, expected content type, etc::
from corepost.web import route, RESTResource
from corepost.enums import Http
class RESTService():
@route("/",Http.GET)
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.path
@route("/test",Http.GET)
def test(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.path
@route("/test/<int:numericid>",Http.GET)
def test_get_resources(self,request,numericid,**kwargs):
return "%s" % numericid
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = RESTResource((RESTService,))
app.run()
*Note*:
This piece of code::
app.run()
is just for convenience when showing code samples and writing unit tests.
In a real production application you would use existing Twisted *twistd* functionality:
* http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/basics.html
* http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/application.html
* http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/tap.html
Path argument extraction
----------------
CorePort can easily extract path arguments from an URL and convert them to the desired type.
The supported types are:
* *int*
* *float*
* *string*
Example::
@route("/int/<int:intarg>/float/<float:floatarg>/string/<stringarg>",Http.GET)
def test(self,request,intarg,floatarg,stringarg,**kwargs):
pass
Routing requests by incoming content type
-----------------------------------------
Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests, the *same* URL can be hooked up to different router methods::
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
def test_content_app_json(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),(MediaType.TEXT_XML,MediaType.APPLICATION_XML))
def test_content_xml(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),MediaType.TEXT_YAML)
def test_content_yaml(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_content_catch_all(self,request,**kwargs):
return MediaType.WILDCARD
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/*
* basic.css
* ~~~~~~~~~
*
* Sphinx stylesheet -- basic theme.
*
* :copyright: Copyright 2007-2011 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
* :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
*
*/
/* -- main layout ----------------------------------------------------------- */
div.clearer {
clear: both;
}
/* -- relbar ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
div.related {
width: 100%;
font-size: 90%;
}
div.related h3 {
display: none;
}
div.related ul {
margin: 0;
padding: 0 0 0 10px;
list-style: none;
}
div.related li {
display: inline;
}
div.related li.right {
float: right;
margin-right: 5px;
}
/* -- sidebar --------------------------------------------------------------- */
div.sphinxsidebarwrapper {
padding: 10px 5px 0 10px;
}
div.sphinxsidebar {
float: left;
width: 230px;
margin-left: -100%;
font-size: 90%;
}
div.sphinxsidebar ul {
list-style: none;
}
div.sphinxsidebar ul ul,
div.sphinxsidebar ul.want-points {
margin-left: 20px;
list-style: square;
}
div.sphinxsidebar ul ul {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
div.sphinxsidebar form {
margin-top: 10px;
}
div.sphinxsidebar input {
border: 1px solid #98dbcc;
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 1em;
}
div.sphinxsidebar input[type="text"] {
width: 170px;
}
div.sphinxsidebar input[type="submit"] {
width: 30px;
}
img {
border: 0;
}
/* -- search page ----------------------------------------------------------- */
ul.search {
margin: 10px 0 0 20px;
padding: 0;
}
ul.search li {
padding: 5px 0 5px 20px;
background-image: url(file.png);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: 0 7px;
}
ul.search li a {
font-weight: bold;
}
ul.search li div.context {
color: #888;
margin: 2px 0 0 30px;
text-align: left;
}
ul.keywordmatches li.goodmatch a {
font-weight: bold;
}
/* -- index page ------------------------------------------------------------ */
table.contentstable {
width: 90%;
}
table.contentstable p.biglink {
line-height: 150%;
}
a.biglink {
font-size: 1.3em;
}
span.linkdescr {
font-style: italic;
padding-top: 5px;
font-size: 90%;
}
/* -- general index --------------------------------------------------------- */
table.indextable {
width: 100%;
}
table.indextable td {
text-align: left;
vertical-align: top;
}
table.indextable dl, table.indextable dd {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
table.indextable tr.pcap {
height: 10px;
}
table.indextable tr.cap {
margin-top: 10px;
background-color: #f2f2f2;
}
img.toggler {
margin-right: 3px;
margin-top: 3px;
cursor: pointer;
}
div.modindex-jumpbox {
border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
margin: 1em 0 1em 0;
padding: 0.4em;
}
div.genindex-jumpbox {
border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
margin: 1em 0 1em 0;
padding: 0.4em;
}
/* -- general body styles --------------------------------------------------- */
a.headerlink {
visibility: hidden;
}
h1:hover > a.headerlink,
h2:hover > a.headerlink,
h3:hover > a.headerlink,
h4:hover > a.headerlink,
h5:hover > a.headerlink,
h6:hover > a.headerlink,
dt:hover > a.headerlink {
visibility: visible;
}
div.body p.caption {
text-align: inherit;
}
div.body td {
text-align: left;
}
.field-list ul {
padding-left: 1em;
}
.first {
margin-top: 0 !important;
}
p.rubric {
margin-top: 30px;
font-weight: bold;
}
img.align-left, .figure.align-left, object.align-left {
clear: left;
float: left;
margin-right: 1em;
}
img.align-right, .figure.align-right, object.align-right {
clear: right;
float: right;
margin-left: 1em;
}
img.align-center, .figure.align-center, object.align-center {
display: block;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}
.align-left {
text-align: left;
}
.align-center {
text-align: center;
}
.align-right {
text-align: right;
}
/* -- sidebars -------------------------------------------------------------- */
div.sidebar {
margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em;
border: 1px solid #ddb;
padding: 7px 7px 0 7px;
background-color: #ffe;
width: 40%;
float: right;
}
p.sidebar-title {
font-weight: bold;
}
/* -- topics ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
div.topic {
border: 1px solid #ccc;
padding: 7px 7px 0 7px;
margin: 10px 0 10px 0;
}
p.topic-title {
font-size: 1.1em;
font-weight: bold;
margin-top: 10px;
}
/* -- admonitions ----------------------------------------------------------- */
div.admonition {
margin-top: 10px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
padding: 7px;
}
div.admonition dt {
font-weight: bold;
}
div.admonition dl {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
p.admonition-title {
margin: 0px 10px 5px 0px;
font-weight: bold;
}
div.body p.centered {
text-align: center;
margin-top: 25px;
}
/* -- tables ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
table.docutils {
border: 0;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
table.docutils td, table.docutils th {
padding: 1px 8px 1px 5px;
border-top: 0;
border-left: 0;
border-right: 0;
border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;
}
table.field-list td, table.field-list th {
border: 0 !important;
}
table.footnote td, table.footnote th {
border: 0 !important;
}
th {
text-align: left;
padding-right: 5px;
}
table.citation {
border-left: solid 1px gray;
margin-left: 1px;
}
table.citation td {
border-bottom: none;
}
/* -- other body styles ----------------------------------------------------- */
ol.arabic {
list-style: decimal;
}
ol.loweralpha {
list-style: lower-alpha;
}
ol.upperalpha {
list-style: upper-alpha;
}
ol.lowerroman {
list-style: lower-roman;
}
ol.upperroman {
list-style: upper-roman;
}
dl {
margin-bottom: 15px;
}
dd p {
margin-top: 0px;
}
dd ul, dd table {
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
dd {
margin-top: 3px;
margin-bottom: 10px;
margin-left: 30px;
}
dt:target, .highlighted {
background-color: #fbe54e;
}
dl.glossary dt {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.1em;
}
.field-list ul {
margin: 0;
padding-left: 1em;
}
.field-list p {
margin: 0;
}
.refcount {
color: #060;
}
.optional {
font-size: 1.3em;
}
.versionmodified {
font-style: italic;
}
.system-message {
background-color: #fda;
padding: 5px;
border: 3px solid red;
}
.footnote:target {
background-color: #ffa;
}
.line-block {
display: block;
margin-top: 1em;
margin-bottom: 1em;
}
.line-block .line-block {
margin-top: 0;
margin-bottom: 0;
margin-left: 1.5em;
}
.guilabel, .menuselection {
font-family: sans-serif;
}
.accelerator {
text-decoration: underline;
}
.classifier {
font-style: oblique;
}
abbr, acronym {
border-bottom: dotted 1px;
cursor: help;
}
/* -- code displays --------------------------------------------------------- */
pre {
overflow: auto;
overflow-y: hidden; /* fixes display issues on Chrome browsers */
}
td.linenos pre {
padding: 5px 0px;
border: 0;
background-color: transparent;
color: #aaa;
}
table.highlighttable {
margin-left: 0.5em;
}
table.highlighttable td {
padding: 0 0.5em 0 0.5em;
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tt.descname {
background-color: transparent;
font-weight: bold;
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tt.descclassname {
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tt.xref, a tt {
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font-weight: bold;
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.viewcode-link {
float: right;
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float: right;
font-family: sans-serif;
}
div.viewcode-block:target {
margin: -1px -10px;
padding: 0 10px;
}
/* -- math display ---------------------------------------------------------- */
img.math {
vertical-align: middle;
}
div.body div.math p {
text-align: center;
}
span.eqno {
float: right;
}
/* -- printout stylesheet --------------------------------------------------- */
@media print {
div.document,
div.documentwrapper,
div.bodywrapper {
margin: 0 !important;
width: 100%;
}
div.sphinxsidebar,
div.related,
div.footer,
#top-link {
display: none;
}
}
\ No newline at end of file
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/*
* default.css_t
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*
* Sphinx stylesheet -- default theme.
*
* :copyright: Copyright 2007-2011 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
* :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
*
*/
@import url("basic.css");
/* -- page layout ----------------------------------------------------------- */
body {
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 100%;
background-color: #11303d;
color: #000;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
div.document {
background-color: #1c4e63;
}
div.documentwrapper {
float: left;
width: 100%;
}
div.bodywrapper {
margin: 0 0 0 230px;
}
div.body {
background-color: #ffffff;
color: #000000;
padding: 0 20px 30px 20px;
}
div.footer {
color: #ffffff;
width: 100%;
padding: 9px 0 9px 0;
text-align: center;
font-size: 75%;
}
div.footer a {
color: #ffffff;
text-decoration: underline;
}
div.related {
background-color: #133f52;
line-height: 30px;
color: #ffffff;
}
div.related a {
color: #ffffff;
}
div.sphinxsidebar {
}
div.sphinxsidebar h3 {
font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;
color: #ffffff;
font-size: 1.4em;
font-weight: normal;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
div.sphinxsidebar h3 a {
color: #ffffff;
}
div.sphinxsidebar h4 {
font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;
color: #ffffff;
font-size: 1.3em;
font-weight: normal;
margin: 5px 0 0 0;
padding: 0;
}
div.sphinxsidebar p {
color: #ffffff;
}
div.sphinxsidebar p.topless {
margin: 5px 10px 10px 10px;
}
div.sphinxsidebar ul {
margin: 10px;
padding: 0;
color: #ffffff;
}
div.sphinxsidebar a {
color: #98dbcc;
}
div.sphinxsidebar input {
border: 1px solid #98dbcc;
font-family: sans-serif;
font-size: 1em;
}
/* -- hyperlink styles ------------------------------------------------------ */
a {
color: #355f7c;
text-decoration: none;
}
a:visited {
color: #355f7c;
text-decoration: none;
}
a:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
/* -- body styles ----------------------------------------------------------- */
div.body h1,
div.body h2,
div.body h3,
div.body h4,
div.body h5,
div.body h6 {
font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;
background-color: #f2f2f2;
font-weight: normal;
color: #20435c;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
margin: 20px -20px 10px -20px;
padding: 3px 0 3px 10px;
}
div.body h1 { margin-top: 0; font-size: 200%; }
div.body h2 { font-size: 160%; }
div.body h3 { font-size: 140%; }
div.body h4 { font-size: 120%; }
div.body h5 { font-size: 110%; }
div.body h6 { font-size: 100%; }
a.headerlink {
color: #c60f0f;
font-size: 0.8em;
padding: 0 4px 0 4px;
text-decoration: none;
}
a.headerlink:hover {
background-color: #c60f0f;
color: white;
}
div.body p, div.body dd, div.body li {
text-align: justify;
line-height: 130%;
}
div.admonition p.admonition-title + p {
display: inline;
}
div.admonition p {
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
div.admonition pre {
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
div.admonition ul, div.admonition ol {
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
div.note {
background-color: #eee;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
}
div.seealso {
background-color: #ffc;
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background-color: #eeffcc;
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\ No newline at end of file
doc/build/html/_static/doctools.js 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
/*
* doctools.js
* ~~~~~~~~~~~
*
* Sphinx JavaScript utilities for all documentation.
*
* :copyright: Copyright 2007-2011 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
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*
*/
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});
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}
};
// quick alias for translations
_ = Documentation.gettext;
$(document).ready(function() {
Documentation.init();
});
doc/build/html/_static/jquery.js 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
/*!
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function(a){var b=this[0];if(a)return this.each(function(e){c.offset.setOffset(this,a,e)});if(!b||!b.ownerDocument)return null;if(b===b.ownerDocument.body)return c.offset.bodyOffset(b);var d=b.getBoundingClientRect(),f=b.ownerDocument;b=f.body;f=f.documentElement;return{top:d.top+(self.pageYOffset||c.support.boxModel&&f.scrollTop||b.scrollTop)-(f.clientTop||b.clientTop||0),left:d.left+(self.pageXOffset||c.support.boxModel&&f.scrollLeft||b.scrollLeft)-(f.clientLeft||b.clientLeft||0)}}:function(a){var b=
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k-=b.scrollTop;n-=b.scrollLeft;if(b===d){k+=b.offsetTop;n+=b.offsetLeft;if(c.offset.doesNotAddBorder&&!(c.offset.doesAddBorderForTableAndCells&&/^t(able|d|h)$/i.test(b.nodeName))){k+=parseFloat(j.borderTopWidth)||0;n+=parseFloat(j.borderLeftWidth)||0}f=d;d=b.offsetParent}if(c.offset.subtractsBorderForOverflowNotVisible&&j.overflow!=="visible"){k+=parseFloat(j.borderTopWidth)||0;n+=parseFloat(j.borderLeftWidth)||0}f=j}if(f.position==="relative"||f.position==="static"){k+=o.offsetTop;n+=o.offsetLeft}if(c.offset.supportsFixedPosition&&
f.position==="fixed"){k+=Math.max(i.scrollTop,o.scrollTop);n+=Math.max(i.scrollLeft,o.scrollLeft)}return{top:k,left:n}};c.offset={initialize:function(){var a=s.body,b=s.createElement("div"),d,f,e,j=parseFloat(c.curCSS(a,"marginTop",true))||0;c.extend(b.style,{position:"absolute",top:0,left:0,margin:0,border:0,width:"1px",height:"1px",visibility:"hidden"});b.innerHTML="<div style='position:absolute;top:0;left:0;margin:0;border:5px solid #000;padding:0;width:1px;height:1px;'><div></div></div><table style='position:absolute;top:0;left:0;margin:0;border:5px solid #000;padding:0;width:1px;height:1px;' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='0'><tr><td></td></tr></table>";
a.insertBefore(b,a.firstChild);d=b.firstChild;f=d.firstChild;e=d.nextSibling.firstChild.firstChild;this.doesNotAddBorder=f.offsetTop!==5;this.doesAddBorderForTableAndCells=e.offsetTop===5;f.style.position="fixed";f.style.top="20px";this.supportsFixedPosition=f.offsetTop===20||f.offsetTop===15;f.style.position=f.style.top="";d.style.overflow="hidden";d.style.position="relative";this.subtractsBorderForOverflowNotVisible=f.offsetTop===-5;this.doesNotIncludeMarginInBodyOffset=a.offsetTop!==j;a.removeChild(b);
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"pageXOffset"]:c.support.boxModel&&j.document.documentElement[d]||j.document.body[d]:e[d]}});c.each(["Height","Width"],function(a,b){var d=b.toLowerCase();c.fn["inner"+b]=function(){return this[0]?c.css(this[0],d,false,"padding"):null};c.fn["outer"+b]=function(f){return this[0]?c.css(this[0],d,false,f?"margin":"border"):null};c.fn[d]=function(f){var e=this[0];if(!e)return f==null?null:this;if(c.isFunction(f))return this.each(function(j){var i=c(this);i[d](f.call(this,j,i[d]()))});return"scrollTo"in
e&&e.document?e.document.compatMode==="CSS1Compat"&&e.document.documentElement["client"+b]||e.document.body["client"+b]:e.nodeType===9?Math.max(e.documentElement["client"+b],e.body["scroll"+b],e.documentElement["scroll"+b],e.body["offset"+b],e.documentElement["offset"+b]):f===w?c.css(e,d):this.css(d,typeof f==="string"?f:f+"px")}});A.jQuery=A.$=c})(window);
doc/build/html/_static/pygments.css 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
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.highlight { background: #eeffcc; }
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.highlight .k { color: #007020; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword */
.highlight .o { color: #666666 } /* Operator */
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.highlight .gd { color: #A00000 } /* Generic.Deleted */
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.highlight .gr { color: #FF0000 } /* Generic.Error */
.highlight .gh { color: #000080; font-weight: bold } /* Generic.Heading */
.highlight .gi { color: #00A000 } /* Generic.Inserted */
.highlight .go { color: #303030 } /* Generic.Output */
.highlight .gp { color: #c65d09; font-weight: bold } /* Generic.Prompt */
.highlight .gs { font-weight: bold } /* Generic.Strong */
.highlight .gu { color: #800080; font-weight: bold } /* Generic.Subheading */
.highlight .gt { color: #0040D0 } /* Generic.Traceback */
.highlight .kc { color: #007020; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword.Constant */
.highlight .kd { color: #007020; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword.Declaration */
.highlight .kn { color: #007020; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword.Namespace */
.highlight .kp { color: #007020 } /* Keyword.Pseudo */
.highlight .kr { color: #007020; font-weight: bold } /* Keyword.Reserved */
.highlight .kt { color: #902000 } /* Keyword.Type */
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.highlight .na { color: #4070a0 } /* Name.Attribute */
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doc/build/html/_static/searchtools.js 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
/*
* searchtools.js_t
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*
* Sphinx JavaScript utilties for the full-text search.
*
* :copyright: Copyright 2007-2011 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
* :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
*
*/
/**
* helper function to return a node containing the
* search summary for a given text. keywords is a list
* of stemmed words, hlwords is the list of normal, unstemmed
* words. the first one is used to find the occurance, the
* latter for highlighting it.
*/
jQuery.makeSearchSummary = function(text, keywords, hlwords) {
var textLower = text.toLowerCase();
var start = 0;
$.each(keywords, function() {
var i = textLower.indexOf(this.toLowerCase());
if (i > -1)
start = i;
});
start = Math.max(start - 120, 0);
var excerpt = ((start > 0) ? '...' : '') +
$.trim(text.substr(start, 240)) +
((start + 240 - text.length) ? '...' : '');
var rv = $('<div class="context"></div>').text(excerpt);
$.each(hlwords, function() {
rv = rv.highlightText(this, 'highlighted');
});
return rv;
}
/**
* Porter Stemmer
*/
var Stemmer = function() {
var step2list = {
ational: 'ate',
tional: 'tion',
enci: 'ence',
anci: 'ance',
izer: 'ize',
bli: 'ble',
alli: 'al',
entli: 'ent',
eli: 'e',
ousli: 'ous',
ization: 'ize',
ation: 'ate',
ator: 'ate',
alism: 'al',
iveness: 'ive',
fulness: 'ful',
ousness: 'ous',
aliti: 'al',
iviti: 'ive',
biliti: 'ble',
logi: 'log'
};
var step3list = {
icate: 'ic',
ative: '',
alize: 'al',
iciti: 'ic',
ical: 'ic',
ful: '',
ness: ''
};
var c = "[^aeiou]"; // consonant
var v = "[aeiouy]"; // vowel
var C = c + "[^aeiouy]*"; // consonant sequence
var V = v + "[aeiou]*"; // vowel sequence
var mgr0 = "^(" + C + ")?" + V + C; // [C]VC... is m>0
var meq1 = "^(" + C + ")?" + V + C + "(" + V + ")?$"; // [C]VC[V] is m=1
var mgr1 = "^(" + C + ")?" + V + C + V + C; // [C]VCVC... is m>1
var s_v = "^(" + C + ")?" + v; // vowel in stem
this.stemWord = function (w) {
var stem;
var suffix;
var firstch;
var origword = w;
if (w.length < 3)
return w;
var re;
var re2;
var re3;
var re4;
firstch = w.substr(0,1);
if (firstch == "y")
w = firstch.toUpperCase() + w.substr(1);
// Step 1a
re = /^(.+?)(ss|i)es$/;
re2 = /^(.+?)([^s])s$/;
if (re.test(w))
w = w.replace(re,"$1$2");
else if (re2.test(w))
w = w.replace(re2,"$1$2");
// Step 1b
re = /^(.+?)eed$/;
re2 = /^(.+?)(ed|ing)$/;
if (re.test(w)) {
var fp = re.exec(w);
re = new RegExp(mgr0);
if (re.test(fp[1])) {
re = /.$/;
w = w.replace(re,"");
}
}
else if (re2.test(w)) {
var fp = re2.exec(w);
stem = fp[1];
re2 = new RegExp(s_v);
if (re2.test(stem)) {
w = stem;
re2 = /(at|bl|iz)$/;
re3 = new RegExp("([^aeiouylsz])\\1$");
re4 = new RegExp("^" + C + v + "[^aeiouwxy]$");
if (re2.test(w))
w = w + "e";
else if (re3.test(w)) {
re = /.$/;
w = w.replace(re,"");
}
else if (re4.test(w))
w = w + "e";
}
}
// Step 1c
re = /^(.+?)y$/;
if (re.test(w)) {
var fp = re.exec(w);
stem = fp[1];
re = new RegExp(s_v);
if (re.test(stem))
w = stem + "i";
}
// Step 2
re = /^(.+?)(ational|tional|enci|anci|izer|bli|alli|entli|eli|ousli|ization|ation|ator|alism|iveness|fulness|ousness|aliti|iviti|biliti|logi)$/;
if (re.test(w)) {
var fp = re.exec(w);
stem = fp[1];
suffix = fp[2];
re = new RegExp(mgr0);
if (re.test(stem))
w = stem + step2list[suffix];
}
// Step 3
re = /^(.+?)(icate|ative|alize|iciti|ical|ful|ness)$/;
if (re.test(w)) {
var fp = re.exec(w);
stem = fp[1];
suffix = fp[2];
re = new RegExp(mgr0);
if (re.test(stem))
w = stem + step3list[suffix];
}
// Step 4
re = /^(.+?)(al|ance|ence|er|ic|able|ible|ant|ement|ment|ent|ou|ism|ate|iti|ous|ive|ize)$/;
re2 = /^(.+?)(s|t)(ion)$/;
if (re.test(w)) {
var fp = re.exec(w);
stem = fp[1];
re = new RegExp(mgr1);
if (re.test(stem))
w = stem;
}
else if (re2.test(w)) {
var fp = re2.exec(w);
stem = fp[1] + fp[2];
re2 = new RegExp(mgr1);
if (re2.test(stem))
w = stem;
}
// Step 5
re = /^(.+?)e$/;
if (re.test(w)) {
var fp = re.exec(w);
stem = fp[1];
re = new RegExp(mgr1);
re2 = new RegExp(meq1);
re3 = new RegExp("^" + C + v + "[^aeiouwxy]$");
if (re.test(stem) || (re2.test(stem) && !(re3.test(stem))))
w = stem;
}
re = /ll$/;
re2 = new RegExp(mgr1);
if (re.test(w) && re2.test(w)) {
re = /.$/;
w = w.replace(re,"");
}
// and turn initial Y back to y
if (firstch == "y")
w = firstch.toLowerCase() + w.substr(1);
return w;
}
}
/**
* Search Module
*/
var Search = {
_index : null,
_queued_query : null,
_pulse_status : -1,
init : function() {
var params = $.getQueryParameters();
if (params.q) {
var query = params.q[0];
$('input[name="q"]')[0].value = query;
this.performSearch(query);
}
},
loadIndex : function(url) {
$.ajax({type: "GET", url: url, data: null, success: null,
dataType: "script", cache: true});
},
setIndex : function(index) {
var q;
this._index = index;
if ((q = this._queued_query) !== null) {
this._queued_query = null;
Search.query(q);
}
},
hasIndex : function() {
return this._index !== null;
},
deferQuery : function(query) {
this._queued_query = query;
},
stopPulse : function() {
this._pulse_status = 0;
},
startPulse : function() {
if (this._pulse_status >= 0)
return;
function pulse() {
Search._pulse_status = (Search._pulse_status + 1) % 4;
var dotString = '';
for (var i = 0; i < Search._pulse_status; i++)
dotString += '.';
Search.dots.text(dotString);
if (Search._pulse_status > -1)
window.setTimeout(pulse, 500);
};
pulse();
},
/**
* perform a search for something
*/
performSearch : function(query) {
// create the required interface elements
this.out = $('#search-results');
this.title = $('<h2>' + _('Searching') + '</h2>').appendTo(this.out);
this.dots = $('<span></span>').appendTo(this.title);
this.status = $('<p style="display: none"></p>').appendTo(this.out);
this.output = $('<ul class="search"/>').appendTo(this.out);
$('#search-progress').text(_('Preparing search...'));
this.startPulse();
// index already loaded, the browser was quick!
if (this.hasIndex())
this.query(query);
else
this.deferQuery(query);
},
query : function(query) {
var stopwords = ["and","then","into","it","as","are","in","if","for","no","there","their","was","is","be","to","that","but","they","not","such","with","by","a","on","these","of","will","this","near","the","or","at"];
// Stem the searchterms and add them to the correct list
var stemmer = new Stemmer();
var searchterms = [];
var excluded = [];
var hlterms = [];
var tmp = query.split(/\s+/);
var objectterms = [];
for (var i = 0; i < tmp.length; i++) {
if (tmp[i] != "") {
objectterms.push(tmp[i].toLowerCase());
}
if ($u.indexOf(stopwords, tmp[i]) != -1 || tmp[i].match(/^\d+$/) ||
tmp[i] == "") {
// skip this "word"
continue;
}
// stem the word
var word = stemmer.stemWord(tmp[i]).toLowerCase();
// select the correct list
if (word[0] == '-') {
var toAppend = excluded;
word = word.substr(1);
}
else {
var toAppend = searchterms;
hlterms.push(tmp[i].toLowerCase());
}
// only add if not already in the list
if (!$.contains(toAppend, word))
toAppend.push(word);
};
var highlightstring = '?highlight=' + $.urlencode(hlterms.join(" "));
// console.debug('SEARCH: searching for:');
// console.info('required: ', searchterms);
// console.info('excluded: ', excluded);
// prepare search
var filenames = this._index.filenames;
var titles = this._index.titles;
var terms = this._index.terms;
var fileMap = {};
var files = null;
// different result priorities
var importantResults = [];
var objectResults = [];
var regularResults = [];
var unimportantResults = [];
$('#search-progress').empty();
// lookup as object
for (var i = 0; i < objectterms.length; i++) {
var others = [].concat(objectterms.slice(0,i),
objectterms.slice(i+1, objectterms.length))
var results = this.performObjectSearch(objectterms[i], others);
// Assume first word is most likely to be the object,
// other words more likely to be in description.
// Therefore put matches for earlier words first.
// (Results are eventually used in reverse order).
objectResults = results[0].concat(objectResults);
importantResults = results[1].concat(importantResults);
unimportantResults = results[2].concat(unimportantResults);
}
// perform the search on the required terms
for (var i = 0; i < searchterms.length; i++) {
var word = searchterms[i];
// no match but word was a required one
if ((files = terms[word]) == null)
break;
if (files.length == undefined) {
files = [files];
}
// create the mapping
for (var j = 0; j < files.length; j++) {
var file = files[j];
if (file in fileMap)
fileMap[file].push(word);
else
fileMap[file] = [word];
}
}
// now check if the files don't contain excluded terms
for (var file in fileMap) {
var valid = true;
// check if all requirements are matched
if (fileMap[file].length != searchterms.length)
continue;
// ensure that none of the excluded terms is in the
// search result.
for (var i = 0; i < excluded.length; i++) {
if (terms[excluded[i]] == file ||
$.contains(terms[excluded[i]] || [], file)) {
valid = false;
break;
}
}
// if we have still a valid result we can add it
// to the result list
if (valid)
regularResults.push([filenames[file], titles[file], '', null]);
}
// delete unused variables in order to not waste
// memory until list is retrieved completely
delete filenames, titles, terms;
// now sort the regular results descending by title
regularResults.sort(function(a, b) {
var left = a[1].toLowerCase();
var right = b[1].toLowerCase();
return (left > right) ? -1 : ((left < right) ? 1 : 0);
});
// combine all results
var results = unimportantResults.concat(regularResults)
.concat(objectResults).concat(importantResults);
// print the results
var resultCount = results.length;
function displayNextItem() {
// results left, load the summary and display it
if (results.length) {
var item = results.pop();
var listItem = $('<li style="display:none"></li>');
if (DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.FILE_SUFFIX == '') {
// dirhtml builder
var dirname = item[0] + '/';
if (dirname.match(/\/index\/$/)) {
dirname = dirname.substring(0, dirname.length-6);
} else if (dirname == 'index/') {
dirname = '';
}
listItem.append($('<a/>').attr('href',
DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.URL_ROOT + dirname +
highlightstring + item[2]).html(item[1]));
} else {
// normal html builders
listItem.append($('<a/>').attr('href',
item[0] + DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.FILE_SUFFIX +
highlightstring + item[2]).html(item[1]));
}
if (item[3]) {
listItem.append($('<span> (' + item[3] + ')</span>'));
Search.output.append(listItem);
listItem.slideDown(5, function() {
displayNextItem();
});
} else if (DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.HAS_SOURCE) {
$.get(DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.URL_ROOT + '_sources/' +
item[0] + '.txt', function(data) {
if (data != '') {
listItem.append($.makeSearchSummary(data, searchterms, hlterms));
Search.output.append(listItem);
}
listItem.slideDown(5, function() {
displayNextItem();
});
}, "text");
} else {
// no source available, just display title
Search.output.append(listItem);
listItem.slideDown(5, function() {
displayNextItem();
});
}
}
// search finished, update title and status message
else {
Search.stopPulse();
Search.title.text(_('Search Results'));
if (!resultCount)
Search.status.text(_('Your search did not match any documents. Please make sure that all words are spelled correctly and that you\'ve selected enough categories.'));
else
Search.status.text(_('Search finished, found %s page(s) matching the search query.').replace('%s', resultCount));
Search.status.fadeIn(500);
}
}
displayNextItem();
},
performObjectSearch : function(object, otherterms) {
var filenames = this._index.filenames;
var objects = this._index.objects;
var objnames = this._index.objnames;
var titles = this._index.titles;
var importantResults = [];
var objectResults = [];
var unimportantResults = [];
for (var prefix in objects) {
for (var name in objects[prefix]) {
var fullname = (prefix ? prefix + '.' : '') + name;
if (fullname.toLowerCase().indexOf(object) > -1) {
var match = objects[prefix][name];
var objname = objnames[match[1]][2];
var title = titles[match[0]];
// If more than one term searched for, we require other words to be
// found in the name/title/description
if (otherterms.length > 0) {
var haystack = (prefix + ' ' + name + ' ' +
objname + ' ' + title).toLowerCase();
var allfound = true;
for (var i = 0; i < otherterms.length; i++) {
if (haystack.indexOf(otherterms[i]) == -1) {
allfound = false;
break;
}
}
if (!allfound) {
continue;
}
}
var descr = objname + _(', in ') + title;
anchor = match[3];
if (anchor == '')
anchor = fullname;
else if (anchor == '-')
anchor = objnames[match[1]][1] + '-' + fullname;
result = [filenames[match[0]], fullname, '#'+anchor, descr];
switch (match[2]) {
case 1: objectResults.push(result); break;
case 0: importantResults.push(result); break;
case 2: unimportantResults.push(result); break;
}
}
}
}
// sort results descending
objectResults.sort(function(a, b) {
return (a[1] > b[1]) ? -1 : ((a[1] < b[1]) ? 1 : 0);
});
importantResults.sort(function(a, b) {
return (a[1] > b[1]) ? -1 : ((a[1] < b[1]) ? 1 : 0);
});
unimportantResults.sort(function(a, b) {
return (a[1] > b[1]) ? -1 : ((a[1] < b[1]) ? 1 : 0);
});
return [importantResults, objectResults, unimportantResults]
}
}
$(document).ready(function() {
Search.init();
});
\ No newline at end of file
doc/build/html/_static/sidebar.js 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
/*
* sidebar.js
* ~~~~~~~~~~
*
* This script makes the Sphinx sidebar collapsible.
*
* .sphinxsidebar contains .sphinxsidebarwrapper. This script adds
* in .sphixsidebar, after .sphinxsidebarwrapper, the #sidebarbutton
* used to collapse and expand the sidebar.
*
* When the sidebar is collapsed the .sphinxsidebarwrapper is hidden
* and the width of the sidebar and the margin-left of the document
* are decreased. When the sidebar is expanded the opposite happens.
* This script saves a per-browser/per-session cookie used to
* remember the position of the sidebar among the pages.
* Once the browser is closed the cookie is deleted and the position
* reset to the default (expanded).
*
* :copyright: Copyright 2007-2011 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
* :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
*
*/
$(function() {
// global elements used by the functions.
// the 'sidebarbutton' element is defined as global after its
// creation, in the add_sidebar_button function
var bodywrapper = $('.bodywrapper');
var sidebar = $('.sphinxsidebar');
var sidebarwrapper = $('.sphinxsidebarwrapper');
// for some reason, the document has no sidebar; do not run into errors
if (!sidebar.length) return;
// original margin-left of the bodywrapper and width of the sidebar
// with the sidebar expanded
var bw_margin_expanded = bodywrapper.css('margin-left');
var ssb_width_expanded = sidebar.width();
// margin-left of the bodywrapper and width of the sidebar
// with the sidebar collapsed
var bw_margin_collapsed = '.8em';
var ssb_width_collapsed = '.8em';
// colors used by the current theme
var dark_color = $('.related').css('background-color');
var light_color = $('.document').css('background-color');
function sidebar_is_collapsed() {
return sidebarwrapper.is(':not(:visible)');
}
function toggle_sidebar() {
if (sidebar_is_collapsed())
expand_sidebar();
else
collapse_sidebar();
}
function collapse_sidebar() {
sidebarwrapper.hide();
sidebar.css('width', ssb_width_collapsed);
bodywrapper.css('margin-left', bw_margin_collapsed);
sidebarbutton.css({
'margin-left': '0',
'height': bodywrapper.height()
});
sidebarbutton.find('span').text('»');
sidebarbutton.attr('title', _('Expand sidebar'));
document.cookie = 'sidebar=collapsed';
}
function expand_sidebar() {
bodywrapper.css('margin-left', bw_margin_expanded);
sidebar.css('width', ssb_width_expanded);
sidebarwrapper.show();
sidebarbutton.css({
'margin-left': ssb_width_expanded-12,
'height': bodywrapper.height()
});
sidebarbutton.find('span').text('«');
sidebarbutton.attr('title', _('Collapse sidebar'));
document.cookie = 'sidebar=expanded';
}
function add_sidebar_button() {
sidebarwrapper.css({
'float': 'left',
'margin-right': '0',
'width': ssb_width_expanded - 28
});
// create the button
sidebar.append(
'<div id="sidebarbutton"><span>&laquo;</span></div>'
);
var sidebarbutton = $('#sidebarbutton');
light_color = sidebarbutton.css('background-color');
// find the height of the viewport to center the '<<' in the page
var viewport_height;
if (window.innerHeight)
viewport_height = window.innerHeight;
else
viewport_height = $(window).height();
sidebarbutton.find('span').css({
'display': 'block',
'margin-top': (viewport_height - sidebar.position().top - 20) / 2
});
sidebarbutton.click(toggle_sidebar);
sidebarbutton.attr('title', _('Collapse sidebar'));
sidebarbutton.css({
'color': '#FFFFFF',
'border-left': '1px solid ' + dark_color,
'font-size': '1.2em',
'cursor': 'pointer',
'height': bodywrapper.height(),
'padding-top': '1px',
'margin-left': ssb_width_expanded - 12
});
sidebarbutton.hover(
function () {
$(this).css('background-color', dark_color);
},
function () {
$(this).css('background-color', light_color);
}
);
}
function set_position_from_cookie() {
if (!document.cookie)
return;
var items = document.cookie.split(';');
for(var k=0; k<items.length; k++) {
var key_val = items[k].split('=');
var key = key_val[0];
if (key == 'sidebar') {
var value = key_val[1];
if ((value == 'collapsed') && (!sidebar_is_collapsed()))
collapse_sidebar();
else if ((value == 'expanded') && (sidebar_is_collapsed()))
expand_sidebar();
}
}
}
add_sidebar_button();
var sidebarbutton = $('#sidebarbutton');
set_position_from_cookie();
});
doc/build/html/_static/underscore.js 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
// Underscore.js 0.5.5
// (c) 2009 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud Inc.
// Underscore is freely distributable under the terms of the MIT license.
// Portions of Underscore are inspired by or borrowed from Prototype.js,
// Oliver Steele's Functional, and John Resig's Micro-Templating.
// For all details and documentation:
// http://documentcloud.github.com/underscore/
(function(){var j=this,n=j._,i=function(a){this._wrapped=a},m=typeof StopIteration!=="undefined"?StopIteration:"__break__",b=j._=function(a){return new i(a)};if(typeof exports!=="undefined")exports._=b;var k=Array.prototype.slice,o=Array.prototype.unshift,p=Object.prototype.toString,q=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,r=Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable;b.VERSION="0.5.5";b.each=function(a,c,d){try{if(a.forEach)a.forEach(c,d);else if(b.isArray(a)||b.isArguments(a))for(var e=0,f=a.length;e<f;e++)c.call(d,
a[e],e,a);else{var g=b.keys(a);f=g.length;for(e=0;e<f;e++)c.call(d,a[g[e]],g[e],a)}}catch(h){if(h!=m)throw h;}return a};b.map=function(a,c,d){if(a&&b.isFunction(a.map))return a.map(c,d);var e=[];b.each(a,function(f,g,h){e.push(c.call(d,f,g,h))});return e};b.reduce=function(a,c,d,e){if(a&&b.isFunction(a.reduce))return a.reduce(b.bind(d,e),c);b.each(a,function(f,g,h){c=d.call(e,c,f,g,h)});return c};b.reduceRight=function(a,c,d,e){if(a&&b.isFunction(a.reduceRight))return a.reduceRight(b.bind(d,e),c);
var f=b.clone(b.toArray(a)).reverse();b.each(f,function(g,h){c=d.call(e,c,g,h,a)});return c};b.detect=function(a,c,d){var e;b.each(a,function(f,g,h){if(c.call(d,f,g,h)){e=f;b.breakLoop()}});return e};b.select=function(a,c,d){if(a&&b.isFunction(a.filter))return a.filter(c,d);var e=[];b.each(a,function(f,g,h){c.call(d,f,g,h)&&e.push(f)});return e};b.reject=function(a,c,d){var e=[];b.each(a,function(f,g,h){!c.call(d,f,g,h)&&e.push(f)});return e};b.all=function(a,c,d){c=c||b.identity;if(a&&b.isFunction(a.every))return a.every(c,
d);var e=true;b.each(a,function(f,g,h){(e=e&&c.call(d,f,g,h))||b.breakLoop()});return e};b.any=function(a,c,d){c=c||b.identity;if(a&&b.isFunction(a.some))return a.some(c,d);var e=false;b.each(a,function(f,g,h){if(e=c.call(d,f,g,h))b.breakLoop()});return e};b.include=function(a,c){if(b.isArray(a))return b.indexOf(a,c)!=-1;var d=false;b.each(a,function(e){if(d=e===c)b.breakLoop()});return d};b.invoke=function(a,c){var d=b.rest(arguments,2);return b.map(a,function(e){return(c?e[c]:e).apply(e,d)})};b.pluck=
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e)))d.push(e);return d})};b.intersect=function(a){var c=b.rest(arguments);return b.select(b.uniq(a),function(d){return b.all(c,function(e){return b.indexOf(e,d)>=0})})};b.zip=function(){for(var a=b.toArray(arguments),c=b.max(b.pluck(a,"length")),d=new Array(c),e=0;e<c;e++)d[e]=b.pluck(a,String(e));return d};b.indexOf=function(a,c){if(a.indexOf)return a.indexOf(c);for(var d=0,e=a.length;d<e;d++)if(a[d]===c)return d;return-1};b.lastIndexOf=function(a,c){if(a.lastIndexOf)return a.lastIndexOf(c);for(var d=
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var c=[];for(var d in a)q.call(a,d)&&c.push(d);return c};b.values=function(a){return b.map(a,b.identity)};b.functions=function(a){return b.select(b.keys(a),function(c){return b.isFunction(a[c])}).sort()};b.extend=function(a,c){for(var d in c)a[d]=c[d];return a};b.clone=function(a){if(b.isArray(a))return a.slice(0);return b.extend({},a)};b.tap=function(a,c){c(a);return a};b.isEqual=function(a,c){if(a===c)return true;var d=typeof a;if(d!=typeof c)return false;if(a==c)return true;if(!a&&c||a&&!c)return false;
if(a.isEqual)return a.isEqual(c);if(b.isDate(a)&&b.isDate(c))return a.getTime()===c.getTime();if(b.isNaN(a)&&b.isNaN(c))return true;if(b.isRegExp(a)&&b.isRegExp(c))return a.source===c.source&&a.global===c.global&&a.ignoreCase===c.ignoreCase&&a.multiline===c.multiline;if(d!=="object")return false;if(a.length&&a.length!==c.length)return false;d=b.keys(a);var e=b.keys(c);if(d.length!=e.length)return false;for(var f in a)if(!b.isEqual(a[f],c[f]))return false;return true};b.isEmpty=function(a){return b.keys(a).length==
0};b.isElement=function(a){return!!(a&&a.nodeType==1)};b.isArray=function(a){return!!(a&&a.concat&&a.unshift)};b.isArguments=function(a){return a&&b.isNumber(a.length)&&!b.isArray(a)&&!r.call(a,"length")};b.isFunction=function(a){return!!(a&&a.constructor&&a.call&&a.apply)};b.isString=function(a){return!!(a===""||a&&a.charCodeAt&&a.substr)};b.isNumber=function(a){return p.call(a)==="[object Number]"};b.isDate=function(a){return!!(a&&a.getTimezoneOffset&&a.setUTCFullYear)};b.isRegExp=function(a){return!!(a&&
a.test&&a.exec&&(a.ignoreCase||a.ignoreCase===false))};b.isNaN=function(a){return b.isNumber(a)&&isNaN(a)};b.isNull=function(a){return a===null};b.isUndefined=function(a){return typeof a=="undefined"};b.noConflict=function(){j._=n;return this};b.identity=function(a){return a};b.breakLoop=function(){throw m;};var s=0;b.uniqueId=function(a){var c=s++;return a?a+c:c};b.template=function(a,c){a=new Function("obj","var p=[],print=function(){p.push.apply(p,arguments);};with(obj){p.push('"+a.replace(/[\r\t\n]/g,
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o.call(d,this._wrapped);return l(c.apply(b,d),this._chain)}});b.each(["pop","push","reverse","shift","sort","splice","unshift"],function(a){var c=Array.prototype[a];i.prototype[a]=function(){c.apply(this._wrapped,arguments);return l(this._wrapped,this._chain)}});b.each(["concat","join","slice"],function(a){var c=Array.prototype[a];i.prototype[a]=function(){return l(c.apply(this._wrapped,arguments),this._chain)}});i.prototype.chain=function(){this._chain=true;return this};i.prototype.value=function(){return this._wrapped}})();
doc/build/html/_static/websupport.js 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
/*
* websupport.js
* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
*
* sphinx.websupport utilties for all documentation.
*
* :copyright: Copyright 2007-2011 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
* :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
*
*/
(function($) {
$.fn.autogrow = function() {
return this.each(function() {
var textarea = this;
$.fn.autogrow.resize(textarea);
$(textarea)
.focus(function() {
textarea.interval = setInterval(function() {
$.fn.autogrow.resize(textarea);
}, 500);
})
.blur(function() {
clearInterval(textarea.interval);
});
});
};
$.fn.autogrow.resize = function(textarea) {
var lineHeight = parseInt($(textarea).css('line-height'), 10);
var lines = textarea.value.split('\n');
var columns = textarea.cols;
var lineCount = 0;
$.each(lines, function() {
lineCount += Math.ceil(this.length / columns) || 1;
});
var height = lineHeight * (lineCount + 1);
$(textarea).css('height', height);
};
})(jQuery);
(function($) {
var comp, by;
function init() {
initEvents();
initComparator();
}
function initEvents() {
$('a.comment-close').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
hide($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
});
$('a.vote').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
handleVote($(this));
});
$('a.reply').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
openReply($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
});
$('a.close-reply').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
closeReply($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
});
$('a.sort-option').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
handleReSort($(this));
});
$('a.show-proposal').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
showProposal($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
});
$('a.hide-proposal').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
hideProposal($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
});
$('a.show-propose-change').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
showProposeChange($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
});
$('a.hide-propose-change').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
hideProposeChange($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
});
$('a.accept-comment').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
acceptComment($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
});
$('a.delete-comment').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
deleteComment($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
});
$('a.comment-markup').live("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
toggleCommentMarkupBox($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
});
}
/**
* Set comp, which is a comparator function used for sorting and
* inserting comments into the list.
*/
function setComparator() {
// If the first three letters are "asc", sort in ascending order
// and remove the prefix.
if (by.substring(0,3) == 'asc') {
var i = by.substring(3);
comp = function(a, b) { return a[i] - b[i]; };
} else {
// Otherwise sort in descending order.
comp = function(a, b) { return b[by] - a[by]; };
}
// Reset link styles and format the selected sort option.
$('a.sel').attr('href', '#').removeClass('sel');
$('a.by' + by).removeAttr('href').addClass('sel');
}
/**
* Create a comp function. If the user has preferences stored in
* the sortBy cookie, use those, otherwise use the default.
*/
function initComparator() {
by = 'rating'; // Default to sort by rating.
// If the sortBy cookie is set, use that instead.
if (document.cookie.length > 0) {
var start = document.cookie.indexOf('sortBy=');
if (start != -1) {
start = start + 7;
var end = document.cookie.indexOf(";", start);
if (end == -1) {
end = document.cookie.length;
by = unescape(document.cookie.substring(start, end));
}
}
}
setComparator();
}
/**
* Show a comment div.
*/
function show(id) {
$('#ao' + id).hide();
$('#ah' + id).show();
var context = $.extend({id: id}, opts);
var popup = $(renderTemplate(popupTemplate, context)).hide();
popup.find('textarea[name="proposal"]').hide();
popup.find('a.by' + by).addClass('sel');
var form = popup.find('#cf' + id);
form.submit(function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
addComment(form);
});
$('#s' + id).after(popup);
popup.slideDown('fast', function() {
getComments(id);
});
}
/**
* Hide a comment div.
*/
function hide(id) {
$('#ah' + id).hide();
$('#ao' + id).show();
var div = $('#sc' + id);
div.slideUp('fast', function() {
div.remove();
});
}
/**
* Perform an ajax request to get comments for a node
* and insert the comments into the comments tree.
*/
function getComments(id) {
$.ajax({
type: 'GET',
url: opts.getCommentsURL,
data: {node: id},
success: function(data, textStatus, request) {
var ul = $('#cl' + id);
var speed = 100;
$('#cf' + id)
.find('textarea[name="proposal"]')
.data('source', data.source);
if (data.comments.length === 0) {
ul.html('<li>No comments yet.</li>');
ul.data('empty', true);
} else {
// If there are comments, sort them and put them in the list.
var comments = sortComments(data.comments);
speed = data.comments.length * 100;
appendComments(comments, ul);
ul.data('empty', false);
}
$('#cn' + id).slideUp(speed + 200);
ul.slideDown(speed);
},
error: function(request, textStatus, error) {
showError('Oops, there was a problem retrieving the comments.');
},
dataType: 'json'
});
}
/**
* Add a comment via ajax and insert the comment into the comment tree.
*/
function addComment(form) {
var node_id = form.find('input[name="node"]').val();
var parent_id = form.find('input[name="parent"]').val();
var text = form.find('textarea[name="comment"]').val();
var proposal = form.find('textarea[name="proposal"]').val();
if (text == '') {
showError('Please enter a comment.');
return;
}
// Disable the form that is being submitted.
form.find('textarea,input').attr('disabled', 'disabled');
// Send the comment to the server.
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: opts.addCommentURL,
dataType: 'json',
data: {
node: node_id,
parent: parent_id,
text: text,
proposal: proposal
},
success: function(data, textStatus, error) {
// Reset the form.
if (node_id) {
hideProposeChange(node_id);
}
form.find('textarea')
.val('')
.add(form.find('input'))
.removeAttr('disabled');
var ul = $('#cl' + (node_id || parent_id));
if (ul.data('empty')) {
$(ul).empty();
ul.data('empty', false);
}
insertComment(data.comment);
var ao = $('#ao' + node_id);
ao.find('img').attr({'src': opts.commentBrightImage});
if (node_id) {
// if this was a "root" comment, remove the commenting box
// (the user can get it back by reopening the comment popup)
$('#ca' + node_id).slideUp();
}
},
error: function(request, textStatus, error) {
form.find('textarea,input').removeAttr('disabled');
showError('Oops, there was a problem adding the comment.');
}
});
}
/**
* Recursively append comments to the main comment list and children
* lists, creating the comment tree.
*/
function appendComments(comments, ul) {
$.each(comments, function() {
var div = createCommentDiv(this);
ul.append($(document.createElement('li')).html(div));
appendComments(this.children, div.find('ul.comment-children'));
// To avoid stagnating data, don't store the comments children in data.
this.children = null;
div.data('comment', this);
});
}
/**
* After adding a new comment, it must be inserted in the correct
* location in the comment tree.
*/
function insertComment(comment) {
var div = createCommentDiv(comment);
// To avoid stagnating data, don't store the comments children in data.
comment.children = null;
div.data('comment', comment);
var ul = $('#cl' + (comment.node || comment.parent));
var siblings = getChildren(ul);
var li = $(document.createElement('li'));
li.hide();
// Determine where in the parents children list to insert this comment.
for(i=0; i < siblings.length; i++) {
if (comp(comment, siblings[i]) <= 0) {
$('#cd' + siblings[i].id)
.parent()
.before(li.html(div));
li.slideDown('fast');
return;
}
}
// If we get here, this comment rates lower than all the others,
// or it is the only comment in the list.
ul.append(li.html(div));
li.slideDown('fast');
}
function acceptComment(id) {
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: opts.acceptCommentURL,
data: {id: id},
success: function(data, textStatus, request) {
$('#cm' + id).fadeOut('fast');
$('#cd' + id).removeClass('moderate');
},
error: function(request, textStatus, error) {
showError('Oops, there was a problem accepting the comment.');
}
});
}
function deleteComment(id) {
$.ajax({
type: 'POST',
url: opts.deleteCommentURL,
data: {id: id},
success: function(data, textStatus, request) {
var div = $('#cd' + id);
if (data == 'delete') {
// Moderator mode: remove the comment and all children immediately
div.slideUp('fast', function() {
div.remove();
});
return;
}
// User mode: only mark the comment as deleted
div
.find('span.user-id:first')
.text('[deleted]').end()
.find('div.comment-text:first')
.text('[deleted]').end()
.find('#cm' + id + ', #dc' + id + ', #ac' + id + ', #rc' + id +
', #sp' + id + ', #hp' + id + ', #cr' + id + ', #rl' + id)
.remove();
var comment = div.data('comment');
comment.username = '[deleted]';
comment.text = '[deleted]';
div.data('comment', comment);
},
error: function(request, textStatus, error) {
showError('Oops, there was a problem deleting the comment.');
}
});
}
function showProposal(id) {
$('#sp' + id).hide();
$('#hp' + id).show();
$('#pr' + id).slideDown('fast');
}
function hideProposal(id) {
$('#hp' + id).hide();
$('#sp' + id).show();
$('#pr' + id).slideUp('fast');
}
function showProposeChange(id) {
$('#pc' + id).hide();
$('#hc' + id).show();
var textarea = $('#pt' + id);
textarea.val(textarea.data('source'));
$.fn.autogrow.resize(textarea[0]);
textarea.slideDown('fast');
}
function hideProposeChange(id) {
$('#hc' + id).hide();
$('#pc' + id).show();
var textarea = $('#pt' + id);
textarea.val('').removeAttr('disabled');
textarea.slideUp('fast');
}
function toggleCommentMarkupBox(id) {
$('#mb' + id).toggle();
}
/** Handle when the user clicks on a sort by link. */
function handleReSort(link) {
var classes = link.attr('class').split(/\s+/);
for (var i=0; i<classes.length; i++) {
if (classes[i] != 'sort-option') {
by = classes[i].substring(2);
}
}
setComparator();
// Save/update the sortBy cookie.
var expiration = new Date();
expiration.setDate(expiration.getDate() + 365);
document.cookie= 'sortBy=' + escape(by) +
';expires=' + expiration.toUTCString();
$('ul.comment-ul').each(function(index, ul) {
var comments = getChildren($(ul), true);
comments = sortComments(comments);
appendComments(comments, $(ul).empty());
});
}
/**
* Function to process a vote when a user clicks an arrow.
*/
function handleVote(link) {
if (!opts.voting) {
showError("You'll need to login to vote.");
return;
}
var id = link.attr('id');
if (!id) {
// Didn't click on one of the voting arrows.
return;
}
// If it is an unvote, the new vote value is 0,
// Otherwise it's 1 for an upvote, or -1 for a downvote.
var value = 0;
if (id.charAt(1) != 'u') {
value = id.charAt(0) == 'u' ? 1 : -1;
}
// The data to be sent to the server.
var d = {
comment_id: id.substring(2),
value: value
};
// Swap the vote and unvote links.
link.hide();
$('#' + id.charAt(0) + (id.charAt(1) == 'u' ? 'v' : 'u') + d.comment_id)
.show();
// The div the comment is displayed in.
var div = $('div#cd' + d.comment_id);
var data = div.data('comment');
// If this is not an unvote, and the other vote arrow has
// already been pressed, unpress it.
if ((d.value !== 0) && (data.vote === d.value * -1)) {
$('#' + (d.value == 1 ? 'd' : 'u') + 'u' + d.comment_id).hide();
$('#' + (d.value == 1 ? 'd' : 'u') + 'v' + d.comment_id).show();
}
// Update the comments rating in the local data.
data.rating += (data.vote === 0) ? d.value : (d.value - data.vote);
data.vote = d.value;
div.data('comment', data);
// Change the rating text.
div.find('.rating:first')
.text(data.rating + ' point' + (data.rating == 1 ? '' : 's'));
// Send the vote information to the server.
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: opts.processVoteURL,
data: d,
error: function(request, textStatus, error) {
showError('Oops, there was a problem casting that vote.');
}
});
}
/**
* Open a reply form used to reply to an existing comment.
*/
function openReply(id) {
// Swap out the reply link for the hide link
$('#rl' + id).hide();
$('#cr' + id).show();
// Add the reply li to the children ul.
var div = $(renderTemplate(replyTemplate, {id: id})).hide();
$('#cl' + id)
.prepend(div)
// Setup the submit handler for the reply form.
.find('#rf' + id)
.submit(function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
addComment($('#rf' + id));
closeReply(id);
})
.find('input[type=button]')
.click(function() {
closeReply(id);
});
div.slideDown('fast', function() {
$('#rf' + id).find('textarea').focus();
});
}
/**
* Close the reply form opened with openReply.
*/
function closeReply(id) {
// Remove the reply div from the DOM.
$('#rd' + id).slideUp('fast', function() {
$(this).remove();
});
// Swap out the hide link for the reply link
$('#cr' + id).hide();
$('#rl' + id).show();
}
/**
* Recursively sort a tree of comments using the comp comparator.
*/
function sortComments(comments) {
comments.sort(comp);
$.each(comments, function() {
this.children = sortComments(this.children);
});
return comments;
}
/**
* Get the children comments from a ul. If recursive is true,
* recursively include childrens' children.
*/
function getChildren(ul, recursive) {
var children = [];
ul.children().children("[id^='cd']")
.each(function() {
var comment = $(this).data('comment');
if (recursive)
comment.children = getChildren($(this).find('#cl' + comment.id), true);
children.push(comment);
});
return children;
}
/** Create a div to display a comment in. */
function createCommentDiv(comment) {
if (!comment.displayed && !opts.moderator) {
return $('<div class="moderate">Thank you! Your comment will show up '
+ 'once it is has been approved by a moderator.</div>');
}
// Prettify the comment rating.
comment.pretty_rating = comment.rating + ' point' +
(comment.rating == 1 ? '' : 's');
// Make a class (for displaying not yet moderated comments differently)
comment.css_class = comment.displayed ? '' : ' moderate';
// Create a div for this comment.
var context = $.extend({}, opts, comment);
var div = $(renderTemplate(commentTemplate, context));
// If the user has voted on this comment, highlight the correct arrow.
if (comment.vote) {
var direction = (comment.vote == 1) ? 'u' : 'd';
div.find('#' + direction + 'v' + comment.id).hide();
div.find('#' + direction + 'u' + comment.id).show();
}
if (opts.moderator || comment.text != '[deleted]') {
div.find('a.reply').show();
if (comment.proposal_diff)
div.find('#sp' + comment.id).show();
if (opts.moderator && !comment.displayed)
div.find('#cm' + comment.id).show();
if (opts.moderator || (opts.username == comment.username))
div.find('#dc' + comment.id).show();
}
return div;
}
/**
* A simple template renderer. Placeholders such as <%id%> are replaced
* by context['id'] with items being escaped. Placeholders such as <#id#>
* are not escaped.
*/
function renderTemplate(template, context) {
var esc = $(document.createElement('div'));
function handle(ph, escape) {
var cur = context;
$.each(ph.split('.'), function() {
cur = cur[this];
});
return escape ? esc.text(cur || "").html() : cur;
}
return template.replace(/<([%#])([\w\.]*)\1>/g, function() {
return handle(arguments[2], arguments[1] == '%' ? true : false);
});
}
/** Flash an error message briefly. */
function showError(message) {
$(document.createElement('div')).attr({'class': 'popup-error'})
.append($(document.createElement('div'))
.attr({'class': 'error-message'}).text(message))
.appendTo('body')
.fadeIn("slow")
.delay(2000)
.fadeOut("slow");
}
/** Add a link the user uses to open the comments popup. */
$.fn.comment = function() {
return this.each(function() {
var id = $(this).attr('id').substring(1);
var count = COMMENT_METADATA[id];
var title = count + ' comment' + (count == 1 ? '' : 's');
var image = count > 0 ? opts.commentBrightImage : opts.commentImage;
var addcls = count == 0 ? ' nocomment' : '';
$(this)
.append(
$(document.createElement('a')).attr({
href: '#',
'class': 'sphinx-comment-open' + addcls,
id: 'ao' + id
})
.append($(document.createElement('img')).attr({
src: image,
alt: 'comment',
title: title
}))
.click(function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
show($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
})
)
.append(
$(document.createElement('a')).attr({
href: '#',
'class': 'sphinx-comment-close hidden',
id: 'ah' + id
})
.append($(document.createElement('img')).attr({
src: opts.closeCommentImage,
alt: 'close',
title: 'close'
}))
.click(function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
hide($(this).attr('id').substring(2));
})
);
});
};
var opts = {
processVoteURL: '/_process_vote',
addCommentURL: '/_add_comment',
getCommentsURL: '/_get_comments',
acceptCommentURL: '/_accept_comment',
deleteCommentURL: '/_delete_comment',
commentImage: '/static/_static/comment.png',
closeCommentImage: '/static/_static/comment-close.png',
loadingImage: '/static/_static/ajax-loader.gif',
commentBrightImage: '/static/_static/comment-bright.png',
upArrow: '/static/_static/up.png',
downArrow: '/static/_static/down.png',
upArrowPressed: '/static/_static/up-pressed.png',
downArrowPressed: '/static/_static/down-pressed.png',
voting: false,
moderator: false
};
if (typeof COMMENT_OPTIONS != "undefined") {
opts = jQuery.extend(opts, COMMENT_OPTIONS);
}
var popupTemplate = '\
<div class="sphinx-comments" id="sc<%id%>">\
<p class="sort-options">\
Sort by:\
<a href="#" class="sort-option byrating">best rated</a>\
<a href="#" class="sort-option byascage">newest</a>\
<a href="#" class="sort-option byage">oldest</a>\
</p>\
<div class="comment-header">Comments</div>\
<div class="comment-loading" id="cn<%id%>">\
loading comments... <img src="<%loadingImage%>" alt="" /></div>\
<ul id="cl<%id%>" class="comment-ul"></ul>\
<div id="ca<%id%>">\
<p class="add-a-comment">Add a comment\
(<a href="#" class="comment-markup" id="ab<%id%>">markup</a>):</p>\
<div class="comment-markup-box" id="mb<%id%>">\
reStructured text markup: <i>*emph*</i>, <b>**strong**</b>, \
<tt>``code``</tt>, \
code blocks: <tt>::</tt> and an indented block after blank line</div>\
<form method="post" id="cf<%id%>" class="comment-form" action="">\
<textarea name="comment" cols="80"></textarea>\
<p class="propose-button">\
<a href="#" id="pc<%id%>" class="show-propose-change">\
Propose a change &#9657;\
</a>\
<a href="#" id="hc<%id%>" class="hide-propose-change">\
Propose a change &#9663;\
</a>\
</p>\
<textarea name="proposal" id="pt<%id%>" cols="80"\
spellcheck="false"></textarea>\
<input type="submit" value="Add comment" />\
<input type="hidden" name="node" value="<%id%>" />\
<input type="hidden" name="parent" value="" />\
</form>\
</div>\
</div>';
var commentTemplate = '\
<div id="cd<%id%>" class="sphinx-comment<%css_class%>">\
<div class="vote">\
<div class="arrow">\
<a href="#" id="uv<%id%>" class="vote" title="vote up">\
<img src="<%upArrow%>" />\
</a>\
<a href="#" id="uu<%id%>" class="un vote" title="vote up">\
<img src="<%upArrowPressed%>" />\
</a>\
</div>\
<div class="arrow">\
<a href="#" id="dv<%id%>" class="vote" title="vote down">\
<img src="<%downArrow%>" id="da<%id%>" />\
</a>\
<a href="#" id="du<%id%>" class="un vote" title="vote down">\
<img src="<%downArrowPressed%>" />\
</a>\
</div>\
</div>\
<div class="comment-content">\
<p class="tagline comment">\
<span class="user-id"><%username%></span>\
<span class="rating"><%pretty_rating%></span>\
<span class="delta"><%time.delta%></span>\
</p>\
<div class="comment-text comment"><#text#></div>\
<p class="comment-opts comment">\
<a href="#" class="reply hidden" id="rl<%id%>">reply &#9657;</a>\
<a href="#" class="close-reply" id="cr<%id%>">reply &#9663;</a>\
<a href="#" id="sp<%id%>" class="show-proposal">proposal &#9657;</a>\
<a href="#" id="hp<%id%>" class="hide-proposal">proposal &#9663;</a>\
<a href="#" id="dc<%id%>" class="delete-comment hidden">delete</a>\
<span id="cm<%id%>" class="moderation hidden">\
<a href="#" id="ac<%id%>" class="accept-comment">accept</a>\
</span>\
</p>\
<pre class="proposal" id="pr<%id%>">\
<#proposal_diff#>\
</pre>\
<ul class="comment-children" id="cl<%id%>"></ul>\
</div>\
<div class="clearleft"></div>\
</div>\
</div>';
var replyTemplate = '\
<li>\
<div class="reply-div" id="rd<%id%>">\
<form id="rf<%id%>">\
<textarea name="comment" cols="80"></textarea>\
<input type="submit" value="Add reply" />\
<input type="button" value="Cancel" />\
<input type="hidden" name="parent" value="<%id%>" />\
<input type="hidden" name="node" value="" />\
</form>\
</div>\
</li>';
$(document).ready(function() {
init();
});
})(jQuery);
$(document).ready(function() {
// add comment anchors for all paragraphs that are commentable
$('.sphinx-has-comment').comment();
// highlight search words in search results
$("div.context").each(function() {
var params = $.getQueryParameters();
var terms = (params.q) ? params.q[0].split(/\s+/) : [];
var result = $(this);
$.each(terms, function() {
result.highlightText(this.toLowerCase(), 'highlighted');
});
});
// directly open comment window if requested
var anchor = document.location.hash;
if (anchor.substring(0, 9) == '#comment-') {
$('#ao' + anchor.substring(9)).click();
document.location.hash = '#s' + anchor.substring(9);
}
});
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View file @ 29a983f3
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<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>Argument validation &mdash; CorePost 0.0.14 documentation</title>
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<link rel="top" title="CorePost 0.0.14 documentation" href="index.html" />
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<h1>Argument validation<a class="headerlink" href="#argument-validation" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>CorePost integrates the popular &#8216;formencode&#8217; package to implement form and query argument validation.
Validators can be specified using a <em>formencode</em> Schema object, or via custom field-specific validators.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">corepost.web</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">validate</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">route</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">corepost.enums</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Http</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">formencode</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">validators</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">TestSchema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Schema</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">allow_extra_fields</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">True</span>
<span class="n">childId</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">validators</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Regex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">regex</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;^value1|value2$&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyApp</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/validate/&lt;int:rootId&gt;/schema&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@validate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">schema</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">TestSchema</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">postValidateSchema</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">rootId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">childId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;Validate using a common schema&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s"> - </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s"> - </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rootId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">childId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/validate/&lt;int:rootId&gt;/custom&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@validate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">childId</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">validators</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Regex</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">regex</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;^value1|value2$&quot;</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">postValidateCustom</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">rootId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">childId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;Validate using argument-specific validators&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s"> - </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s"> - </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rootId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">childId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Please see the <em>FormEncode</em> documentation:</p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/Validator.html">http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/Validator.html</a></p>
<p>for list of available validators:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Common : <a class="reference external" href="http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/validators.html#module-formencode.validators">http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/validators.html#module-formencode.validators</a></li>
<li>National : <a class="reference external" href="http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/national.html#module-formencode.national">http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/national.html#module-formencode.national</a></li>
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<h1>Asynchronous Operations<a class="headerlink" href="#asynchronous-operations" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
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<h2>&#64;defer.inlineCallbacks support<a class="headerlink" href="#defer-inlinecallbacks-support" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>If you want a deferred async method, just use <em>defer.returnValue()</em>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@defer.inlineCallbacks</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">root</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">val1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;SELECT ....&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">val2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;SELECT ....&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">defer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">returnValue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
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<p>This is standard Twisted functionality.</p>
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<h1>Content types<a class="headerlink" href="#content-types" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>CorePost integrates support for JSON, YAML and XML (partially) based on request content types.</p>
<div class="section" id="parsing-of-incoming-content">
<h2>Parsing of incoming content<a class="headerlink" href="#parsing-of-incoming-content" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests,
the body will be automatically parsed to JSON, YAML and XML (ElementTree)</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>request.json</li>
<li>request.yaml</li>
<li>request.xml</li>
</ul>
<p>and attached to the request:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/json&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_json</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">json</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dumps</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/xml&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_xml</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">ElementTree</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tostring</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">xml</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/yaml&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_yaml</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">yaml</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dump</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">yaml</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
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<div class="section" id="converting-python-objects-to-expected-content-type">
<h2>Converting Python objects to expected content type<a class="headerlink" href="#converting-python-objects-to-expected-content-type" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Instead of returning string responses, the code can just return Python objects.
Depending whether the caller can accept JSON (default) or YAML, the Python objects will be automatically converted:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/return/by/accept&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_return_content_by_accepts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[{</span><span class="s">&quot;test1&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s">&quot;Test1&quot;</span><span class="p">},{</span><span class="s">&quot;test2&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s">&quot;Test2&quot;</span><span class="p">}]</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">val</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Calling this URL with &#8220;Accept: application/json&#8221; will return:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="p">[{</span><span class="s">&quot;test1&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;Test1&quot;</span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&quot;test2&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;Test2&quot;</span><span class="p">}]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Calling it with &#8220;Accept: text/yaml&#8221; will return:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="o">-</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">test1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Test1</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="o">-</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">test2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Test2</span><span class="p">}</span>
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<div class="section" id="features">
<h1>Features<a class="headerlink" href="#features" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>Here is a breakdown of key CorePost features</p>
<div class="section" id="url-routing">
<h2>URL Routing<a class="headerlink" href="#url-routing" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<div class="section" id="route-decorator">
<h3>&#64;route decorator<a class="headerlink" href="#route-decorator" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>Via a simple <em>&#64;route</em> decorator you can automatically route <em>twisted.web</em> Request objects to your class method
based on URL (with dynamic paths), HTTP method, expected content type, etc:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">corepost.web</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">route</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">RESTResource</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">corepost.enums</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Http</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">RESTService</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">root</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">path</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/test&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">path</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/test/&lt;int:numericid&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_get_resources</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">numericid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">numericid</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;__main__&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">RESTResource</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">RESTService</span><span class="p">,))</span>
<span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><em>Note</em>:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>This piece of code:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>is just for convenience when showing code samples and writing unit tests.
In a real production application you would use existing Twisted <em>twistd</em> functionality:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/basics.html">http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/basics.html</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/application.html">http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/application.html</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/tap.html">http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/tap.html</a></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section" id="path-argument-extraction">
<h3>Path argument extraction<a class="headerlink" href="#path-argument-extraction" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>CorePort can easily extract path arguments from an URL and convert them to the desired type.</p>
<p>The supported types are:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><em>int</em></li>
<li><em>float</em></li>
<li><em>string</em></li>
</ul>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/int/&lt;int:intarg&gt;/float/&lt;float:floatarg&gt;/string/&lt;stringarg&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">intarg</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">floatarg</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">stringarg</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">pass</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="argument-validation">
<h3>Argument validation<a class="headerlink" href="#argument-validation" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>CorePost integrates the popular &#8216;formencode&#8217; package to implement form and query argument validation.
Validators can be specified using a <em>formencode</em> Schema object, or via custom field-specific validators.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>from corepost.web import validate, route
from corepost.enums import Http
from formencode import Schema, validators
class TestSchema(Schema):
allow_extra_fields = True
childId = validators.Regex(regex="^value1|value2$")
class MyApp():
@route("/validate/&lt;int:rootId&gt;/schema",Http.POST)
@validate(schema=TestSchema())
def postValidateSchema(self,request,rootId,childId,**kwargs):
'''Validate using a common schema'''
return "%s - %s - %s" % (rootId,childId,kwargs)
@route("/validate/&lt;int:rootId&gt;/custom",Http.POST)
@validate(childId=validators.Regex(regex="^value1|value2$"))
def postValidateCustom(self,request,rootId,childId,**kwargs):
'''Validate using argument-specific validators'
return "%s - %s - %s" % (rootId,childId,kwargs)</pre>
</div>
<p>Please see the <em>FormEncode</em> &lt;<a class="reference external" href="http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/Validator.html">http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/Validator.html</a>&gt; documentation
for list of available validators:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Common &lt;<a class="reference external" href="http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/validators.html#module-formencode.validators">http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/validators.html#module-formencode.validators</a>&gt;</li>
<li>National &lt;<a class="reference external" href="http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/national.html#module-formencode.national">http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/national.html#module-formencode.national</a>&gt;</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="multiple-rest-services-under-a-common-root-url">
<h3>Multiple REST services under a common root URL<a class="headerlink" href="#multiple-rest-services-under-a-common-root-url" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>A typical case in REST is where you have parent/child resources (business entities), e.g.</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>Customer
Customer Address
Customer Phone
Customer Order
Customer Invoice
Customer Invoice Payment</pre>
</div>
<p>etc.</p>
<p>This can create a URL structure like:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>/customer
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/address
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/address/&lt;addressId&gt;
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/phone
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/phone/&lt;phoneId&gt;
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/invoice
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/invoice/&lt;invoiceId&gt;
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/invoice/&lt;invoiceId&gt;/payment
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/invoice/&lt;invoiceId&gt;/payment/&lt;paymentId&gt;</pre>
</div>
<p>CorePost allows you to write small, modular classes that implement a REST service for just a single entity,
driven by URL paths with dynamic elements in them (e.g. the <em>customerId</em>, <em>invoiceId</em>, <em>paymentId</em> path parameters in the sample above).
You do not have to mesh all these different entities in a single class.</p>
<p>At the end, you wrap all of the different REST services in a single <em>RESTResource</em> object (which extends the regular Twisted Web Resource object)
and it takes care of routing the request to the appropriate class.</p>
<p>Here is a full-blown example of two REST services for Customer and Customer Address:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">corepost</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">NotFoundException</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">AlreadyExistsException</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">corepost.web</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">RESTResource</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">route</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Http</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CustomerRESTService</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">path</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;/customer&quot;</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">getAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getAllCustomers</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;customerId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">firstName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">lastName</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">customer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Customer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">firstName</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">lastName</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">saveCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customer</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">201</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;customerId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">firstName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">lastName</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">firstName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lastName</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">firstName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">lastName</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;customerId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DELETE</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">deleteCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DELETE</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">deleteAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">deleteAllCustomers</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CustomerAddressRESTService</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">path</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/address&quot;</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">getAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addresses</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;addressId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomerAddress</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetNumber</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">stateCode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">countryCode</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">address</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">CustomerAddress</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">streetNumber</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">stateCode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">countryCode</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addresses</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">address</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">201</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;addressId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetNumber</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">stateCode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">countryCode</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">address</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomerAddress</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">address</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">streetNumber</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">address</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">streetName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">address</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stateCode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">address</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">countryCode</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">streetNumber</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">stateCode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">countryCode</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;addressId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DELETE</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomerAddress</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c">#validate address exists</span>
<span class="k">del</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addresses</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DELETE</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">deleteAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addresses</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">run_rest_app</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">RESTResource</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">CustomerRESTService</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="n">CustomerAddressRESTService</span><span class="p">()))</span>
<span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">8080</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&quot;__main__&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">run_rest_app</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="content-types">
<h2>Content types<a class="headerlink" href="#content-types" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>CorePost integrates support for JSON, YAML and XML (partially) based on request content types.</p>
<p><em>Parsing of incoming content</em></p>
<p>Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests,
the body will be automatically parsed to JSON, YAML and XML (ElementTree)</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>request.json</li>
<li>request.yaml</li>
<li>request.xml</li>
</ul>
<p>and attached to the request:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/json&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_json</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">json</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dumps</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/xml&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_xml</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">ElementTree</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tostring</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">xml</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/yaml&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_yaml</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">yaml</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dump</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">yaml</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="routing-requests-by-incoming-content-type">
<h3>Routing requests by incoming content type<a class="headerlink" href="#routing-requests-by-incoming-content-type" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests, the <em>same</em> URL can be hooked up to different router methods:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/by/content&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="n">MediaType</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">APPLICATION_JSON</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_content_app_json</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">received_headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">HttpHeader</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CONTENT_TYPE</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/by/content&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">),(</span><span class="n">MediaType</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TEXT_XML</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">MediaType</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">APPLICATION_XML</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_content_xml</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">received_headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">HttpHeader</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CONTENT_TYPE</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/by/content&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="n">MediaType</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TEXT_YAML</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_content_yaml</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">received_headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">HttpHeader</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CONTENT_TYPE</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/by/content&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_content_catch_all</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">MediaType</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">WILDCARD</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="converting-python-objects-to-content-type-based-on-what-caller-can-accept">
<h3>Converting Python objects to content type based on what caller can accept<a class="headerlink" href="#converting-python-objects-to-content-type-based-on-what-caller-can-accept" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>Instead of returning string responses, the code can just return Python objects.
Depending whether the caller can accept JSON (default) or YAML, the Python objects will be automatically converted:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/return/by/accept&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_return_content_by_accepts</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">val</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[{</span><span class="s">&quot;test1&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s">&quot;Test1&quot;</span><span class="p">},{</span><span class="s">&quot;test2&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s">&quot;Test2&quot;</span><span class="p">}]</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">val</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Calling this URL with &#8220;Accept: application/json&#8221; will return:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="p">[{</span><span class="s">&quot;test1&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;Test1&quot;</span><span class="p">},</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">&quot;test2&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&quot;Test2&quot;</span><span class="p">}]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Calling it with &#8220;Accept: text/yaml&#8221; will return:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="o">-</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">test1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Test1</span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="o">-</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="n">test2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Test2</span><span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="filters">
<h2>Filters<a class="headerlink" href="#filters" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>There is support for CorePost resource filters via the two following <em>corepost.filter</em> interfaces:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">IRequestFilter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Interface</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Request filter interface&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterRequest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Allows to intercept and change an incoming request&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="k">pass</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">IResponseFilter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Interface</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Response filter interface&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterResponse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">response</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Allows to intercept and change an outgoing response&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="k">pass</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>A filter class can implement either of them or both (for a wrap around filter), e.g.:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">AddCustomHeaderFilter</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Implements a request filter that adds a custom header to the incoming request&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="n">zope</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">interface</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">implements</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">IRequestFilter</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterRequest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">received_headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&quot;Custom-Header&quot;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;Custom Header Value&quot;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Change404to503Filter</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Implements just a response filter that changes 404 to 503 statuses&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="n">zope</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">interface</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">implements</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">IResponseFilter</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterResponse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">response</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">response</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">code</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">404</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">response</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">code</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">503</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">WrapAroundFilter</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Implements both types of filters in one class&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="n">zope</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">interface</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">implements</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">IRequestFilter</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">IResponseFilter</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterRequest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">received_headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&quot;X-Wrap-Input&quot;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;Input&quot;</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterResponse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">response</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">response</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&quot;X-Wrap-Output&quot;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;Output&quot;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>In order to activate the filters on a RESTResource instance, you need to pass a list of them in the constructor as the <em>filters</em> parameter, e.g.:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>class FilterApp():
@route("/",Http.GET)
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers
def run_filter_app():
app = RESTResource(services=((FilterApp(),),filters=(Change404to503Filter(),AddCustomHeaderFilter(),WrapAroundFilter(),))
app.run(8083)</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="asynchronous-operations">
<h2>Asynchronous Operations<a class="headerlink" href="#asynchronous-operations" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<div class="section" id="defer-inlinecallbacks-support">
<h3>&#64;defer.inlineCallbacks support<a class="headerlink" href="#defer-inlinecallbacks-support" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you want a deferred async method, just use <em>defer.returnValue()</em>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@defer.inlineCallbacks</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">root</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">val1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;SELECT ....&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">val2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;SELECT ....&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">defer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">returnValue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">val2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>This is standard Twisted functionality.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="http-codes">
<h2>HTTP codes<a class="headerlink" href="#http-codes" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>By default, CorePost returns the appropriate HTTP code based on the HTTP method:</p>
<p>Success:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>200 (OK) - GET, DELETE, PUT</li>
<li>201 (Created) - POST</li>
</ul>
<p>Errors:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>404 - not able to match any URL</li>
<li>400 - missing mandatory argument (driven from the arguments on the actual functions)</li>
<li>400 - argument failed validation</li>
<li>500 - server error</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<h3><a href="index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Features</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#url-routing">URL Routing</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#route-decorator">&#64;route decorator</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#path-argument-extraction">Path argument extraction</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#argument-validation">Argument validation</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#multiple-rest-services-under-a-common-root-url">Multiple REST services under a common root URL</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#content-types">Content types</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#routing-requests-by-incoming-content-type">Routing requests by incoming content type</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#converting-python-objects-to-content-type-based-on-what-caller-can-accept">Converting Python objects to content type based on what caller can accept</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#filters">Filters</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#asynchronous-operations">Asynchronous Operations</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#defer-inlinecallbacks-support">&#64;defer.inlineCallbacks support</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#http-codes">HTTP codes</a></li>
</ul>
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<div class="section" id="filters">
<h1>Filters<a class="headerlink" href="#filters" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>There is support for CorePost resource filters via the two following <em>corepost.filter</em> interfaces:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">IRequestFilter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Interface</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Request filter interface&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterRequest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Allows to intercept and change an incoming request&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="k">pass</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">IResponseFilter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Interface</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Response filter interface&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterResponse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">response</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Allows to intercept and change an outgoing response&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="k">pass</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>A filter class can implement either of them or both (for a wrap around filter), e.g.:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">AddCustomHeaderFilter</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Implements a request filter that adds a custom header to the incoming request&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="n">zope</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">interface</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">implements</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">IRequestFilter</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterRequest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">received_headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&quot;Custom-Header&quot;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;Custom Header Value&quot;</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Change404to503Filter</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Implements just a response filter that changes 404 to 503 statuses&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="n">zope</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">interface</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">implements</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">IResponseFilter</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterResponse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">response</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">response</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">code</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">404</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">response</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">code</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">503</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">WrapAroundFilter</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Implements both types of filters in one class&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<span class="n">zope</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">interface</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">implements</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">IRequestFilter</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">IResponseFilter</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterRequest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">received_headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&quot;X-Wrap-Input&quot;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;Input&quot;</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">filterResponse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">response</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">response</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">&quot;X-Wrap-Output&quot;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;Output&quot;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>In order to activate the filters on a RESTResource instance, you need to pass a list of them in the constructor as the <em>filters</em> parameter, e.g.:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">FilterApp</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">root</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">received_headers</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">run_filter_app</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">RESTResource</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">services</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">FilterApp</span><span class="p">(),),</span><span class="n">filters</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Change404to503Filter</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="n">AddCustomHeaderFilter</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="n">WrapAroundFilter</span><span class="p">(),))</span>
<span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">8083</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
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<h1>HTTP codes<a class="headerlink" href="#http-codes" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>By default, CorePost returns the appropriate HTTP code based on the HTTP method:</p>
<p>Success:</p>
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<li>201 (Created) - POST</li>
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<p>Errors:</p>
<ul class="simple">
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<li>400 - missing mandatory argument (driven from the arguments on the actual functions)</li>
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<div class="section" id="introduction">
<h1>Introduction<a class="headerlink" href="#introduction" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<div class="section" id="what-is-corepost">
<h2>What is CorePost?<a class="headerlink" href="#what-is-corepost" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>CorePost is a Python REST micro-framework. It is meant for building enterprise-grade REST server applications that provide
API services to other applications and/or a UI layer (coded in any framework or language).</p>
<p>More importantly, CorePost is an asynchronous I/O web framework (similar to Node.js).
Hence it relies on asynchronous I/O operations, which are extremely efficient, but somewhat more complicated to code.</p>
<p>Fortunately, CorePost does not create it&#8217;s own async I/O library, but instead uses under the mature, well documented
and extremely well designed Twisted library, in particular its web layer (known simply as twisted.web)</p>
<p>Coupled with a JIT runtime like PyPy, this should give you the ability to develop REST server side applications
that will be extremely performant in production, yet (hopefully) fun and productive to develop.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="what-is-twisted">
<h2>What is Twisted?<a class="headerlink" href="#what-is-twisted" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Twisted is a very mature Python async I/O network toolkit:</p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="http://twistedmatrix.com/trac/">http://twistedmatrix.com/trac/</a></p>
<p>Understanding core principles behind Twisted and its APIs is required (at least at a basic level) before coding any CorePost application.</p>
<p>Hence we recommend either reading the very thorough developer&#8217;s guide:</p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/book.pdf">http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/book.pdf</a></p>
<p>or the excellent Twisted tutorials from Dave Peticolas:</p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="http://krondo.com/blog/?page_id=1327">http://krondo.com/blog/?page_id=1327</a></p>
<p>In particular, understanding the core Twisted Deferred object (and its productive inline callback approach) are crucial
to productive usage of Twisted APIs for writing asynchronous web applications.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="what-does-corepost-add-on-top-of-twisted-web">
<h2>What does CorePost add on top of Twisted Web?<a class="headerlink" href="#what-does-corepost-add-on-top-of-twisted-web" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Mostly productivity features that take of low-level plumbing such as:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>routing request to handler methods</li>
<li>automatic parsing of JSON/YAML/XML input</li>
<li>automatic conversion of Python objects and classes to JSON / YAML / XML formats</li>
<li>simplified exception handling</li>
<li>custom request / response filters</li>
</ul>
<p>However, this is a very thin layer. Once you get to write some serious code that interacts with an external system (e.g. a SQL database)
you are writing a hard-code Twisted web application. CorePost is just there to make it easier for you and let you focus on business logic,
while letting it take care of common required plumbing. That&#8217;s it.</p>
<p>A CorePost application is nothing more than a <em>twisted.web</em> application under the hood.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="why-would-i-use-corepost-instead-of-node-js">
<h2>Why would I use CorePost instead of Node.js?<a class="headerlink" href="#why-would-i-use-corepost-instead-of-node-js" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>As you develop more Twisted code, you will realize how its elegant and powerful <em>Deferred</em> object
(and especially inline callbacks) make developing <em>readable</em> asynchronous code much more pleasant than any other solution.</p>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#what-is-corepost">What is CorePost?</a></li>
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<div class="section" id="modular-rest-applications">
<h1>Modular REST applications<a class="headerlink" href="#modular-rest-applications" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>A typical case in REST is where you have parent/child resources (business entities), e.g.</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>Customer
Customer Address
Customer Phone
Customer Order
Customer Invoice
Customer Invoice Payment</pre>
</div>
<p>etc.</p>
<p>This can create a URL structure like:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><pre>/customer
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/address
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/address/&lt;addressId&gt;
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/phone
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/phone/&lt;phoneId&gt;
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/invoice
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/invoice/&lt;invoiceId&gt;
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/invoice/&lt;invoiceId&gt;/payment
/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/invoice/&lt;invoiceId&gt;/payment/&lt;paymentId&gt;</pre>
</div>
<p>CorePost allows you to write small, modular classes that implement a REST service for just a single entity,
driven by URL paths with dynamic elements in them (e.g. the <em>customerId</em>, <em>invoiceId</em>, <em>paymentId</em> path parameters in the sample above).
You do not have to mesh all these different entities in a single class.</p>
<p>At the end, you wrap all of the different REST services in a single <em>RESTResource</em> object (which extends the regular Twisted Web Resource object)
and it takes care of routing the request to the appropriate class.</p>
<p>Here is a full-blown example of two REST services for Customer and Customer Address:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">corepost</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">NotFoundException</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">AlreadyExistsException</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">corepost.web</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">RESTResource</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">route</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Http</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CustomerRESTService</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">path</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;/customer&quot;</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">getAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getAllCustomers</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;customerId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">firstName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">lastName</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">customer</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Customer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">firstName</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">lastName</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">saveCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customer</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">201</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;customerId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">firstName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">lastName</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">firstName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lastName</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">firstName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">lastName</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;customerId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DELETE</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">deleteCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DELETE</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">deleteAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">deleteAllCustomers</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">CustomerAddressRESTService</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">path</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">&quot;/customer/&lt;customerId&gt;/address&quot;</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">getAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addresses</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;addressId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomerAddress</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">post</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetNumber</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">stateCode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">countryCode</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">address</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">CustomerAddress</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">streetNumber</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">stateCode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">countryCode</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addresses</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">address</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">201</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;addressId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetNumber</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">stateCode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">countryCode</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">address</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomerAddress</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">address</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">streetNumber</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">address</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">streetName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">address</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stateCode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">address</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">countryCode</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">streetNumber</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">streetName</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">stateCode</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">countryCode</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&lt;addressId&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DELETE</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomerAddress</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c">#validate address exists</span>
<span class="k">del</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addresses</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">addressId</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DELETE</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">deleteAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getCustomer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">customerId</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">addresses</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">Response</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">run_rest_app</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">RESTResource</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">CustomerRESTService</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="n">CustomerAddressRESTService</span><span class="p">()))</span>
<span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">8080</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&quot;__main__&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">run_rest_app</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
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<div class="section" id="url-routing">
<h1>URL Routing<a class="headerlink" href="#url-routing" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<div class="section" id="route-decorator">
<h2>&#64;route decorator<a class="headerlink" href="#route-decorator" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Via a simple <em>&#64;route</em> decorator you can automatically route <em>twisted.web</em> Request objects to your class method
based on URL (with dynamic paths), HTTP method, expected content type, etc:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">corepost.web</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">route</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">RESTResource</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">corepost.enums</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Http</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">RESTService</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">root</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">path</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/test&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">path</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/test/&lt;int:numericid&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_get_resources</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">numericid</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">numericid</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s">&#39;__main__&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">RESTResource</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">RESTService</span><span class="p">,))</span>
<span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><em>Note</em>:</p>
<blockquote>
<div><p>This piece of code:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="n">app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>is just for convenience when showing code samples and writing unit tests.
In a real production application you would use existing Twisted <em>twistd</em> functionality:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference external" href="http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/basics.html">http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/basics.html</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/application.html">http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/application.html</a></li>
<li><a class="reference external" href="http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/tap.html">http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/tap.html</a></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section" id="path-argument-extraction">
<h2>Path argument extraction<a class="headerlink" href="#path-argument-extraction" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>CorePort can easily extract path arguments from an URL and convert them to the desired type.</p>
<p>The supported types are:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><em>int</em></li>
<li><em>float</em></li>
<li><em>string</em></li>
</ul>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/int/&lt;int:intarg&gt;/float/&lt;float:floatarg&gt;/string/&lt;stringarg&gt;&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">intarg</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">floatarg</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">stringarg</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">pass</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="routing-requests-by-incoming-content-type">
<h2>Routing requests by incoming content type<a class="headerlink" href="#routing-requests-by-incoming-content-type" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests, the <em>same</em> URL can be hooked up to different router methods:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/by/content&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="n">MediaType</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">APPLICATION_JSON</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_content_app_json</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">received_headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">HttpHeader</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CONTENT_TYPE</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/by/content&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">),(</span><span class="n">MediaType</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TEXT_XML</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">MediaType</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">APPLICATION_XML</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_content_xml</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">received_headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">HttpHeader</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CONTENT_TYPE</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/by/content&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="n">MediaType</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TEXT_YAML</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_content_yaml</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">received_headers</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">HttpHeader</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">CONTENT_TYPE</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="nd">@route</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;/post/by/content&quot;</span><span class="p">,(</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">POST</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">Http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_content_catch_all</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">request</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">kwargs</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">MediaType</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">WILDCARD</span>
</pre></div>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#path-argument-extraction">Path argument extraction</a></li>
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Chapter 1.
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Chapter 2.
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\BOOKMARK [0][-]{chapter.1}{A Twisted REST micro-framework}{}
\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.1.1}{Introduction}{chapter.1}
\BOOKMARK [0][-]{chapter.2}{Features}{}
\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.2.1}{URL Routing}{chapter.2}
\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.2.2}{Argument validation}{chapter.2}
\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.2.3}{Content types}{chapter.2}
\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.2.4}{Filters}{chapter.2}
\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.2.5}{HTTP codes}{chapter.2}
\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.2.6}{Asynchronous Operations}{chapter.2}
\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.2.7}{Modular REST applications}{chapter.2}
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\begin{document}
\maketitle
\tableofcontents
\phantomsection\label{index::doc}
\chapter{A Twisted REST micro-framework}
\label{index:a-twisted-rest-micro-framework}\label{index:corepost}
\section{Introduction}
\label{intro:introduction}\label{intro::doc}
\subsection{What is CorePost?}
\label{intro:what-is-corepost}
CorePost is a Python REST micro-framework. It is meant for building enterprise-grade REST server applications that provide
API services to other applications and/or a UI layer (coded in any framework or language).
More importantly, CorePost is an asynchronous I/O web framework (similar to Node.js).
Hence it relies on asynchronous I/O operations, which are extremely efficient, but somewhat more complicated to code.
Fortunately, CorePost does not create it's own async I/O library, but instead uses under the mature, well documented
and extremely well designed Twisted library, in particular its web layer (known simply as twisted.web)
Coupled with a JIT runtime like PyPy, this should give you the ability to develop REST server side applications
that will be extremely performant in production, yet (hopefully) fun and productive to develop.
\subsection{What is Twisted?}
\label{intro:what-is-twisted}
Twisted is a very mature Python async I/O network toolkit:
\href{http://twistedmatrix.com/trac/}{http://twistedmatrix.com/trac/}
Understanding core principles behind Twisted and its APIs is required (at least at a basic level) before coding any CorePost application.
Hence we recommend either reading the very thorough developer's guide:
\href{http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/book.pdf}{http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/book.pdf}
or the excellent Twisted tutorials from Dave Peticolas:
\href{http://krondo.com/blog/?page\_id=1327}{http://krondo.com/blog/?page\_id=1327}
In particular, understanding the core Twisted Deferred object (and its productive inline callback approach) are crucial
to productive usage of Twisted APIs for writing asynchronous web applications.
\subsection{What does CorePost add on top of Twisted Web?}
\label{intro:what-does-corepost-add-on-top-of-twisted-web}
Mostly productivity features that take of low-level plumbing such as:
\begin{itemize}
\item {}
routing request to handler methods
\item {}
automatic parsing of JSON/YAML/XML input
\item {}
automatic conversion of Python objects and classes to JSON / YAML / XML formats
\item {}
simplified exception handling
\item {}
custom request / response filters
\end{itemize}
However, this is a very thin layer. Once you get to write some serious code that interacts with an external system (e.g. a SQL database)
you are writing a hard-code Twisted web application. CorePost is just there to make it easier for you and let you focus on business logic,
while letting it take care of common required plumbing. That's it.
A CorePost application is nothing more than a \emph{twisted.web} application under the hood.
\subsection{Why would I use CorePost instead of Node.js?}
\label{intro:why-would-i-use-corepost-instead-of-node-js}
As you develop more Twisted code, you will realize how its elegant and powerful \emph{Deferred} object
(and especially inline callbacks) make developing \emph{readable} asynchronous code much more pleasant than any other solution.
\chapter{Features}
\label{index:features}
\section{URL Routing}
\label{url_routing::doc}\label{url_routing:url-routing}
\subsection{@route decorator}
\label{url_routing:route-decorator}
Via a simple \emph{@route} decorator you can automatically route \emph{twisted.web} Request objects to your class method
based on URL (with dynamic paths), HTTP method, expected content type, etc:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{k+kn}{from} \PYG{n+nn}{corepost.web} \PYG{k+kn}{import} \PYG{n}{route}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{RESTResource}
\PYG{k+kn}{from} \PYG{n+nn}{corepost.enums} \PYG{k+kn}{import} \PYG{n}{Http}
\PYG{k}{class} \PYG{n+nc}{RESTService}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{GET}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{root}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{request}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{path}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/test}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{GET}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{test}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{request}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{path}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/test/\textless{}int:numericid\textgreater{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{GET}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{test\PYGZus{}get\PYGZus{}resources}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{numericid}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s+si}{\PYGZpc{}s}\PYG{l+s}{"} \PYG{o}{\PYGZpc{}} \PYG{n}{numericid}
\PYG{k}{if} \PYG{n}{\PYGZus{}\PYGZus{}name\PYGZus{}\PYGZus{}} \PYG{o}{==} \PYG{l+s}{'}\PYG{l+s}{\PYGZus{}\PYGZus{}main\PYGZus{}\PYGZus{}}\PYG{l+s}{'}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{app} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n}{RESTResource}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{RESTService}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n}{app}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{run}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\emph{Note}:
\begin{quote}
This piece of code:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{n}{app}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{run}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
is just for convenience when showing code samples and writing unit tests.
In a real production application you would use existing Twisted \emph{twistd} functionality:
\begin{itemize}
\item {}
\href{http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/basics.html}{http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/basics.html}
\item {}
\href{http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/application.html}{http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/application.html}
\item {}
\href{http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/tap.html}{http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/tap.html}
\end{itemize}
\end{quote}
\subsection{Path argument extraction}
\label{url_routing:path-argument-extraction}
CorePort can easily extract path arguments from an URL and convert them to the desired type.
The supported types are:
\begin{itemize}
\item {}
\emph{int}
\item {}
\emph{float}
\item {}
\emph{string}
\end{itemize}
Example:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/int/\textless{}int:intarg\textgreater{}/float/\textless{}float:floatarg\textgreater{}/string/\textless{}stringarg\textgreater{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{GET}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{test}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{intarg}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{floatarg}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{stringarg}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{pass}
\end{Verbatim}
\subsection{Routing requests by incoming content type}
\label{url_routing:routing-requests-by-incoming-content-type}
Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests, the \emph{same} URL can be hooked up to different router methods:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/post/by/content}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{POST}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{PUT}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{MediaType}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{APPLICATION\PYGZus{}JSON}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{test\PYGZus{}content\PYGZus{}app\PYGZus{}json}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{request}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{received\PYGZus{}headers}\PYG{p}{[}\PYG{n}{HttpHeader}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{CONTENT\PYGZus{}TYPE}\PYG{p}{]}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/post/by/content}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{POST}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{PUT}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{MediaType}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{TEXT\PYGZus{}XML}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{MediaType}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{APPLICATION\PYGZus{}XML}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{test\PYGZus{}content\PYGZus{}xml}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{request}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{received\PYGZus{}headers}\PYG{p}{[}\PYG{n}{HttpHeader}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{CONTENT\PYGZus{}TYPE}\PYG{p}{]}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/post/by/content}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{POST}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{PUT}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{MediaType}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{TEXT\PYGZus{}YAML}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{test\PYGZus{}content\PYGZus{}yaml}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{request}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{received\PYGZus{}headers}\PYG{p}{[}\PYG{n}{HttpHeader}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{CONTENT\PYGZus{}TYPE}\PYG{p}{]}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/post/by/content}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{POST}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{PUT}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{test\PYGZus{}content\PYGZus{}catch\PYGZus{}all}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{MediaType}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{WILDCARD}
\end{Verbatim}
\section{Argument validation}
\label{arguments:argument-validation}\label{arguments::doc}
CorePost integrates the popular `formencode' package to implement form and query argument validation.
Validators can be specified using a \emph{formencode} Schema object, or via custom field-specific validators.
Example:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{k+kn}{from} \PYG{n+nn}{corepost.web} \PYG{k+kn}{import} \PYG{n}{validate}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{route}
\PYG{k+kn}{from} \PYG{n+nn}{corepost.enums} \PYG{k+kn}{import} \PYG{n}{Http}
\PYG{k+kn}{from} \PYG{n+nn}{formencode} \PYG{k+kn}{import} \PYG{n}{Schema}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{validators}
\PYG{k}{class} \PYG{n+nc}{TestSchema}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{Schema}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{allow\PYGZus{}extra\PYGZus{}fields} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n+nb+bp}{True}
\PYG{n}{childId} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n}{validators}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{Regex}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{regex}\PYG{o}{=}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{\PYGZca{}value1\textbar{}value2\PYGZdl{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{class} \PYG{n+nc}{MyApp}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/validate/\textless{}int:rootId\textgreater{}/schema}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{POST}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@validate}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{schema}\PYG{o}{=}\PYG{n}{TestSchema}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{postValidateSchema}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{rootId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{childId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{l+s+sd}{'''Validate using a common schema'''}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s+si}{\PYGZpc{}s}\PYG{l+s}{ - }\PYG{l+s+si}{\PYGZpc{}s}\PYG{l+s}{ - }\PYG{l+s+si}{\PYGZpc{}s}\PYG{l+s}{"} \PYG{o}{\PYGZpc{}} \PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{rootId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{childId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/validate/\textless{}int:rootId\textgreater{}/custom}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{POST}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@validate}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{childId}\PYG{o}{=}\PYG{n}{validators}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{Regex}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{regex}\PYG{o}{=}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{\PYGZca{}value1\textbar{}value2\PYGZdl{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{postValidateCustom}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{rootId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{childId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{l+s+sd}{'''Validate using argument-specific validators'''}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s+si}{\PYGZpc{}s}\PYG{l+s}{ - }\PYG{l+s+si}{\PYGZpc{}s}\PYG{l+s}{ - }\PYG{l+s+si}{\PYGZpc{}s}\PYG{l+s}{"} \PYG{o}{\PYGZpc{}} \PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{rootId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{childId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
Please see the \emph{FormEncode} documentation:
\href{http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/Validator.html}{http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/Validator.html}
for list of available validators:
\begin{itemize}
\item {}
Common : \href{http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/validators.html\#module-formencode.validators}{http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/validators.html\#module-formencode.validators}
\item {}
National : \href{http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/national.html\#module-formencode.national}{http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/national.html\#module-formencode.national}
\end{itemize}
\section{Content types}
\label{content_types::doc}\label{content_types:content-types}
CorePost integrates support for JSON, YAML and XML (partially) based on request content types.
\subsection{Parsing of incoming content}
\label{content_types:parsing-of-incoming-content}
Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests,
the body will be automatically parsed to JSON, YAML and XML (ElementTree)
\begin{itemize}
\item {}
request.json
\item {}
request.yaml
\item {}
request.xml
\end{itemize}
and attached to the request:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/post/json}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{POST}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{PUT}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{test\PYGZus{}json}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s+si}{\PYGZpc{}s}\PYG{l+s}{"} \PYG{o}{\PYGZpc{}} \PYG{n}{json}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{dumps}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{json}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/post/xml}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{POST}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{PUT}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{test\PYGZus{}xml}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s+si}{\PYGZpc{}s}\PYG{l+s}{"} \PYG{o}{\PYGZpc{}} \PYG{n}{ElementTree}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{tostring}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{xml}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/post/yaml}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{POST}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{PUT}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{test\PYGZus{}yaml}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s+si}{\PYGZpc{}s}\PYG{l+s}{"} \PYG{o}{\PYGZpc{}} \PYG{n}{yaml}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{dump}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{yaml}\PYG{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\subsection{Converting Python objects to expected content type}
\label{content_types:converting-python-objects-to-expected-content-type}
Instead of returning string responses, the code can just return Python objects.
Depending whether the caller can accept JSON (default) or YAML, the Python objects will be automatically converted:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/return/by/accept}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{test\PYGZus{}return\PYGZus{}content\PYGZus{}by\PYGZus{}accepts}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{val} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{p}{[}\PYG{p}{\PYGZob{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{test1}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{:}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{Test1}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{\PYGZcb{}}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{\PYGZob{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{test2}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{:}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{Test2}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{\PYGZcb{}}\PYG{p}{]}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{val}
\end{Verbatim}
Calling this URL with ``Accept: application/json'' will return:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{p}{[}\PYG{p}{\PYGZob{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{test1}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{:} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{Test1}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{\PYGZcb{}}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{p}{\PYGZob{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{test2}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{:} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{Test2}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{\PYGZcb{}}\PYG{p}{]}
\end{Verbatim}
Calling it with ``Accept: text/yaml'' will return:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{o}{-} \PYG{p}{\PYGZob{}}\PYG{n}{test1}\PYG{p}{:} \PYG{n}{Test1}\PYG{p}{\PYGZcb{}}
\PYG{o}{-} \PYG{p}{\PYGZob{}}\PYG{n}{test2}\PYG{p}{:} \PYG{n}{Test2}\PYG{p}{\PYGZcb{}}
\end{Verbatim}
\section{Filters}
\label{filters::doc}\label{filters:filters}
There is support for CorePost resource filters via the two following \emph{corepost.filter} interfaces:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{k}{class} \PYG{n+nc}{IRequestFilter}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{Interface}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{l+s+sd}{"""Request filter interface"""}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{filterRequest}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{l+s+sd}{"""Allows to intercept and change an incoming request"""}
\PYG{k}{pass}
\PYG{k}{class} \PYG{n+nc}{IResponseFilter}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{Interface}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{l+s+sd}{"""Response filter interface"""}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{filterResponse}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{response}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{l+s+sd}{"""Allows to intercept and change an outgoing response"""}
\PYG{k}{pass}
\end{Verbatim}
A filter class can implement either of them or both (for a wrap around filter), e.g.:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{k}{class} \PYG{n+nc}{AddCustomHeaderFilter}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{l+s+sd}{"""Implements a request filter that adds a custom header to the incoming request"""}
\PYG{n}{zope}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{interface}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{implements}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{IRequestFilter}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{filterRequest}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{received\PYGZus{}headers}\PYG{p}{[}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{Custom-Header}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{]} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{Custom Header Value}\PYG{l+s}{"}
\PYG{k}{class} \PYG{n+nc}{Change404to503Filter}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{l+s+sd}{"""Implements just a response filter that changes 404 to 503 statuses"""}
\PYG{n}{zope}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{interface}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{implements}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{IResponseFilter}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{filterResponse}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{response}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{if} \PYG{n}{response}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{code} \PYG{o}{==} \PYG{l+m+mi}{404}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{response}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{code} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{l+m+mi}{503}
\PYG{k}{class} \PYG{n+nc}{WrapAroundFilter}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{l+s+sd}{"""Implements both types of filters in one class"""}
\PYG{n}{zope}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{interface}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{implements}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{IRequestFilter}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{IResponseFilter}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{filterRequest}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{received\PYGZus{}headers}\PYG{p}{[}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{X-Wrap-Input}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{]} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{Input}\PYG{l+s}{"}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{filterResponse}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{response}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{response}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{headers}\PYG{p}{[}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{X-Wrap-Output}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{]} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{Output}\PYG{l+s}{"}
\end{Verbatim}
In order to activate the filters on a RESTResource instance, you need to pass a list of them in the constructor as the \emph{filters} parameter, e.g.:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{k}{class} \PYG{n+nc}{FilterApp}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{GET}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{root}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{request}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{received\PYGZus{}headers}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{run\PYGZus{}filter\PYGZus{}app}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{app} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n}{RESTResource}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{services}\PYG{o}{=}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{FilterApp}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{filters}\PYG{o}{=}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{Change404to503Filter}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{AddCustomHeaderFilter}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{WrapAroundFilter}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n}{app}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{run}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+m+mi}{8083}\PYG{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\section{HTTP codes}
\label{http_codes::doc}\label{http_codes:http-codes}
By default, CorePost returns the appropriate HTTP code based on the HTTP method:
Success:
\begin{itemize}
\item {}
200 (OK) - GET, DELETE, PUT
\item {}
201 (Created) - POST
\end{itemize}
Errors:
\begin{itemize}
\item {}
404 - not able to match any URL.
\item {}
400 - missing mandatory argument (driven from the arguments on the actual functions)
\item {}
400 - argument failed validation
\item {}
500 - server error
\end{itemize}
\section{Asynchronous Operations}
\label{async:asynchronous-operations}\label{async::doc}
\subsection{@defer.inlineCallbacks support}
\label{async:defer-inlinecallbacks-support}
If you want a deferred async method, just use \emph{defer.returnValue()}:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{GET}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@defer.inlineCallbacks}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{root}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{o}{*}\PYG{n}{kwargs}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{val1} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{k}{yield} \PYG{n}{db}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{query}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{SELECT ....}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n}{val2} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{k}{yield} \PYG{n}{db}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{query}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{SELECT ....}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n}{defer}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{returnValue}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{val1} \PYG{o}{+} \PYG{n}{val2}\PYG{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
This is standard Twisted functionality.
\section{Modular REST applications}
\label{modules::doc}\label{modules:modular-rest-applications}
A typical case in REST is where you have parent/child resources (business entities), e.g.
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
Customer
Customer Address
Customer Phone
Customer Order
Customer Invoice
Customer Invoice Payment
\end{Verbatim}
etc.
This can create a URL structure like:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
/customer
/customer/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}
/customer/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}/address
/customer/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}/address/\textless{}addressId\textgreater{}
/customer/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}/phone
/customer/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}/phone/\textless{}phoneId\textgreater{}
/customer/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}/invoice
/customer/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}/invoice/\textless{}invoiceId\textgreater{}
/customer/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}/invoice/\textless{}invoiceId\textgreater{}/payment
/customer/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}/invoice/\textless{}invoiceId\textgreater{}/payment/\textless{}paymentId\textgreater{}
\end{Verbatim}
CorePost allows you to write small, modular classes that implement a REST service for just a single entity,
driven by URL paths with dynamic elements in them (e.g. the \emph{customerId}, \emph{invoiceId}, \emph{paymentId} path parameters in the sample above).
You do not have to mesh all these different entities in a single class.
At the end, you wrap all of the different REST services in a single \emph{RESTResource} object (which extends the regular Twisted Web Resource object)
and it takes care of routing the request to the appropriate class.
Here is a full-blown example of two REST services for Customer and Customer Address:
\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
\PYG{k+kn}{from} \PYG{n+nn}{corepost} \PYG{k+kn}{import} \PYG{n}{Response}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{NotFoundException}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{AlreadyExistsException}
\PYG{k+kn}{from} \PYG{n+nn}{corepost.web} \PYG{k+kn}{import} \PYG{n}{RESTResource}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{route}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{Http}
\PYG{k}{class} \PYG{n+nc}{CustomerRESTService}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{path} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/customer}\PYG{l+s}{"}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{getAll}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{getAllCustomers}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{get}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{getCustomer}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{POST}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{post}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{firstName}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{lastName}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{customer} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n}{Customer}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{firstName}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{lastName}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{saveCustomer}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customer}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{Response}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+m+mi}{201}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{PUT}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{put}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{firstName}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{lastName}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{c} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{getCustomer}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{c}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{firstName}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{c}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{lastName}\PYG{p}{)} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{firstName}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{lastName}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{Response}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+m+mi}{200}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{DELETE}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{delete}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{deleteCustomer}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{Response}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+m+mi}{200}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{DELETE}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{deleteAll}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{deleteAllCustomers}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{Response}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+m+mi}{200}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{class} \PYG{n+nc}{CustomerAddressRESTService}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{path} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/customer/\textless{}customerId\textgreater{}/address}\PYG{l+s}{"}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{getAll}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{getCustomer}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{addresses}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/\textless{}addressId\textgreater{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{get}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{addressId}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{getCustomerAddress}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{addressId}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{POST}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{post}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{addressId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{streetNumber}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{streetName}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{stateCode}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{countryCode}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{c} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{getCustomer}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n}{address} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n}{CustomerAddress}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{streetNumber}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{streetName}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{stateCode}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{countryCode}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n}{c}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{addresses}\PYG{p}{[}\PYG{n}{addressId}\PYG{p}{]} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n}{address}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{Response}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+m+mi}{201}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/\textless{}addressId\textgreater{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{PUT}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{put}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{addressId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{streetNumber}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{streetName}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{stateCode}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{countryCode}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{address} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{getCustomerAddress}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{addressId}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{address}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{streetNumber}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{address}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{streetName}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{address}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{stateCode}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{address}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{countryCode}\PYG{p}{)} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{streetNumber}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{streetName}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{stateCode}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{countryCode}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{Response}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+m+mi}{200}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/\textless{}addressId\textgreater{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{DELETE}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{delete}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{addressId}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{getCustomerAddress}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{,} \PYG{n}{addressId}\PYG{p}{)} \PYG{c}{\PYGZsh{}validate address exists}
\PYG{k}{del}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{getCustomer}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{addresses}\PYG{p}{[}\PYG{n}{addressId}\PYG{p}{]}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{Response}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+m+mi}{200}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n+nd}{@route}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{/}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{Http}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{DELETE}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{deleteAll}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n+nb+bp}{self}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{request}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{c} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n}{DB}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{getCustomer}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{customerId}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n}{c}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{addresses} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{p}{\PYGZob{}}\PYG{p}{\PYGZcb{}}
\PYG{k}{return} \PYG{n}{Response}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+m+mi}{200}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{def} \PYG{n+nf}{run\PYGZus{}rest\PYGZus{}app}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{app} \PYG{o}{=} \PYG{n}{RESTResource}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{n}{CustomerRESTService}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{,}\PYG{n}{CustomerAddressRESTService}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{)}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{n}{app}\PYG{o}{.}\PYG{n}{run}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{l+m+mi}{8080}\PYG{p}{)}
\PYG{k}{if} \PYG{n}{\PYGZus{}\PYGZus{}name\PYGZus{}\PYGZus{}} \PYG{o}{==} \PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{l+s}{\PYGZus{}\PYGZus{}main\PYGZus{}\PYGZus{}}\PYG{l+s}{"}\PYG{p}{:}
\PYG{n}{run\PYGZus{}rest\PYGZus{}app}\PYG{p}{(}\PYG{p}{)}
\end{Verbatim}
\renewcommand{\indexname}{Index}
\printindex
\end{document}
doc/build/latex/CorePost.toc 0 → 100644
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\select@language {english}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {1}A Twisted REST micro-framework}{1}{chapter.1}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {1.1}Introduction}{1}{section.1.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.1.1}What is CorePost?}{1}{subsection.1.1.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.1.2}What is Twisted?}{1}{subsection.1.1.2}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.1.3}What does CorePost add on top of Twisted Web?}{1}{subsection.1.1.3}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {1.1.4}Why would I use CorePost instead of Node.js?}{2}{subsection.1.1.4}
\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {2}Features}{3}{chapter.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.1}URL Routing}{3}{section.2.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.1}@route decorator}{3}{subsection.2.1.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.2}Path argument extraction}{4}{subsection.2.1.2}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.3}Routing requests by incoming content type}{4}{subsection.2.1.3}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}Argument validation}{4}{section.2.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}Content types}{5}{section.2.3}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.3.1}Parsing of incoming content}{5}{subsection.2.3.1}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.3.2}Converting Python objects to expected content type}{5}{subsection.2.3.2}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.4}Filters}{6}{section.2.4}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.5}HTTP codes}{7}{section.2.5}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.6}Asynchronous Operations}{7}{section.2.6}
\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.6.1}@defer.inlineCallbacks support}{7}{subsection.2.6.1}
\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.7}Modular REST applications}{7}{section.2.7}
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# Makefile for Sphinx LaTeX output
ALLDOCS = $(basename $(wildcard *.tex))
ALLPDF = $(addsuffix .pdf,$(ALLDOCS))
ALLDVI = $(addsuffix .dvi,$(ALLDOCS))
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all: $(ALLPDF)
all-pdf: $(ALLPDF)
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all-ps: all-dvi
for f in *.dvi; do dvips $$f; done
all-pdf-ja:
for f in *.pdf *.png *.gif *.jpg *.jpeg; do ebb $$f; done
for f in *.tex; do platex -kanji=utf8 $(LATEXOPTS) $$f; done
for f in *.tex; do platex -kanji=utf8 $(LATEXOPTS) $$f; done
for f in *.tex; do platex -kanji=utf8 $(LATEXOPTS) $$f; done
for f in *.idx; do mendex -U -f -d "`basename $$f .idx`.dic" -s python.ist $$f; done
for f in *.tex; do platex -kanji=utf8 $(LATEXOPTS) $$f; done
for f in *.tex; do platex -kanji=utf8 $(LATEXOPTS) $$f; done
for f in *.dvi; do dvipdfmx $$f; done
zip: all-$(FMT)
mkdir $(ARCHIVEPREFIX)docs-$(FMT)
cp $(ALLPDF) $(ARCHIVEPREFIX)docs-$(FMT)
zip -q -r -9 $(ARCHIVEPREFIX)docs-$(FMT).zip $(ARCHIVEPREFIX)docs-$(FMT)
rm -r $(ARCHIVEPREFIX)docs-$(FMT)
tar: all-$(FMT)
mkdir $(ARCHIVEPREFIX)docs-$(FMT)
cp $(ALLPDF) $(ARCHIVEPREFIX)docs-$(FMT)
tar cf $(ARCHIVEPREFIX)docs-$(FMT).tar $(ARCHIVEPREFIX)docs-$(FMT)
rm -r $(ARCHIVEPREFIX)docs-$(FMT)
bz2: tar
bzip2 -9 -k $(ARCHIVEPREFIX)docs-$(FMT).tar
# The number of LaTeX runs is quite conservative, but I don't expect it
# to get run often, so the little extra time won't hurt.
%.dvi: %.tex
latex $(LATEXOPTS) '$<'
latex $(LATEXOPTS) '$<'
latex $(LATEXOPTS) '$<'
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clean:
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.PHONY: all all-pdf all-dvi all-ps clean
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%%% Copyright Ulf A. Lindgren
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%%% Note Premission is granted to modify this file under
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%%% Jan. 8th Modified package name base date option
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%%% Nov. 8th Fixed \@chapapp for AMS
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%%% Revision 1.2 (1998)
%%%
%%% Feb. 11th Fixed appendix problem related to Bjarne
%%% Aug. 11th Fixed problem related to 11pt and 12pt
%%% suggested by Tomas Lundberg. THANKS!
%%%
%%% Revision 1.3 (2004)
%%% Sep. 20th problem with frontmatter, mainmatter and
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%%% Revision 1.31 (2004)
%%% Sep. 21th problem with the Rejne definition streched text
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%%% text. Kindly pointed out to me by Hendri Adriaens
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%%% Jun. 23th compatibility problem with the KOMA class 'scrbook.cls'
%%% a remedy is a redefinition of '\@schapter' in
%%% line with that used in KOMA. The problem was pointed
%%% out to me by Mikkel Holm Olsen
%%%
%%% Revision 1.33 (2005)
%%% Aug. 9th misspelled ``TWELV'' corrected, the error was pointed
%%% out to me by George Pearson
%%%
%%% Revision 1.34 (2007)
%%% Added an alternative to Lenny provided by Peter
%%% Osborne (2005-11-28)
%%% Corrected front, main and back matter, based on input
%%% from Bas van Gils (2006-04-24)
%%% Jul. 30th Added Bjornstrup option provided by Jean-Marc
%%% Francois (2007-01-05).
%%% Reverted to \MakeUppercase{#} see rev 1.1, solved
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\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
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[2007/07/30 v1.34
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%%%%% Fix for AMSBook 971008
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\renewcommand\@chapapp{\appendixname}%
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\vskip 40\p@
}
\newcommand{\DOTIS}[1]{%
\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@
}
%%%%%% SONNY DEF
\DeclareOption{Sonny}{%
\ChNameVar{\Large\sf}
\ChNumVar{\Huge}
\ChTitleVar{\Large\sf}
\ChRuleWidth{0.5pt}
\ChNameUpperCase
\renewcommand{\DOCH}{%
\raggedleft
\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}\space \CNoV\thechapter
\par\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@}
\renewcommand{\DOTI}[1]{%
\CTV\raggedleft\mghrulefill{\RW}\par\nobreak
\vskip 5\p@
\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\mghrulefill{\RW}\par\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@}
\renewcommand{\DOTIS}[1]{%
\CTV\raggedleft\mghrulefill{\RW}\par\nobreak
\vskip 5\p@
\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\mghrulefill{\RW}\par\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@}
}
%%%%%% LENNY DEF
\DeclareOption{Lenny}{%
\ChNameVar{\fontsize{14}{16}\usefont{OT1}{phv}{m}{n}\selectfont}
\ChNumVar{\fontsize{60}{62}\usefont{OT1}{ptm}{m}{n}\selectfont}
\ChTitleVar{\Huge\bfseries\rm}
\ChRuleWidth{1pt}
\renewcommand{\DOCH}{%
\settowidth{\px}{\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}}
\addtolength{\px}{2pt}
\settoheight{\py}{\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}}
\addtolength{\py}{1pt}
\settowidth{\mylen}{\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}\space\CNoV\thechapter}
\addtolength{\mylen}{1pt}
\settowidth{\pxx}{\CNoV\thechapter}
\addtolength{\pxx}{-1pt}
\settoheight{\pyy}{\CNoV\thechapter}
\addtolength{\pyy}{-2pt}
\setlength{\myhi}{\pyy}
\addtolength{\myhi}{-1\py}
\par
\parbox[b]{\textwidth}{%
\rule[\py]{\RW}{\myhi}%
\hskip -\RW%
\rule[\pyy]{\px}{\RW}%
\hskip -\px%
\raggedright%
\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}\space\CNoV\thechapter%
\hskip1pt%
\mghrulefill{\RW}%
\rule{\RW}{\pyy}\par\nobreak%
\vskip -\baselineskip%
\vskip -\pyy%
\hskip \mylen%
\mghrulefill{\RW}\par\nobreak%
\vskip \pyy}%
\vskip 20\p@}
\renewcommand{\DOTI}[1]{%
\raggedright
\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@}
\renewcommand{\DOTIS}[1]{%
\raggedright
\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@}
}
%%%%%% Peter Osbornes' version of LENNY DEF
\DeclareOption{PetersLenny}{%
% five new lengths
\newlength{\bl} % bottom left : orig \space
\setlength{\bl}{6pt}
\newcommand{\BL}[1]{\setlength{\bl}{#1}}
\newlength{\br} % bottom right : orig 1pt
\setlength{\br}{1pt}
\newcommand{\BR}[1]{\setlength{\br}{#1}}
\newlength{\tl} % top left : orig 2pt
\setlength{\tl}{2pt}
\newcommand{\TL}[1]{\setlength{\tl}{#1}}
\newlength{\trr} % top right :orig 1pt
\setlength{\trr}{1pt}
\newcommand{\TR}[1]{\setlength{\trr}{#1}}
\newlength{\blrule} % top right :orig 1pt
\setlength{\trr}{0pt}
\newcommand{\BLrule}[1]{\setlength{\blrule}{#1}}
\ChNameVar{\fontsize{14}{16}\usefont{OT1}{phv}{m}{n}\selectfont}
\ChNumVar{\fontsize{60}{62}\usefont{OT1}{ptm}{m}{n}\selectfont}
\ChTitleVar{\Huge\bfseries\rm}
\ChRuleWidth{1pt}
\renewcommand{\DOCH}{%
%%%%%%% tweaks for 1--9 and A--Z
\ifcase\c@chapter\relax%
\or\BL{-3pt}\TL{-4pt}\BR{0pt}\TR{-6pt}%1
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-4pt}\BR{2pt}\TR{-4pt}%2
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-4pt}\BR{2pt}\TR{-4pt}%3
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{5pt}\BR{2pt}\TR{-4pt}%4
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{3pt}\BR{2pt}\TR{-4pt}%5
\or\BL{-1pt}\TL{0pt}\BR{2pt}\TR{-2pt}%6
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-3pt}\BR{2pt}\TR{-2pt}%7
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-3pt}\BR{2pt}\TR{-2pt}%8
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-3pt}\BR{-4pt}\TR{-2pt}%9
\or\BL{-3pt}\TL{-3pt}\BR{2pt}\TR{-7pt}%10
\or\BL{-6pt}\TL{-6pt}\BR{0pt}\TR{-9pt}%11
\or\BL{-6pt}\TL{-6pt}\BR{2pt}\TR{-7pt}%12
\or\BL{-5pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{0pt}\TR{-9pt}%13
\or\BL{-6pt}\TL{-6pt}\BR{0pt}\TR{-9pt}%14
\or\BL{-3pt}\TL{-3pt}\BR{3pt}\TR{-6pt}%15
\or\BL{-3pt}\TL{-3pt}\BR{3pt}\TR{-6pt}%16
\or\BL{-5pt}\TL{-3pt}\BR{-8pt}\TR{-6pt}%17
\or\BL{-5pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{0pt}\TR{-9pt}%18
\or\BL{-3pt}\TL{-3pt}\BR{-6pt}\TR{-9pt}%19
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{0pt}\BR{0pt}\TR{-5pt}%20
\fi
\ifinapp\ifcase\c@chapter\relax%
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{14pt}\BR{5pt}\TR{-19pt}%A
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{-3pt}\TR{-8pt}%B
\or\BL{-3pt}\TL{-2pt}\BR{1pt}\TR{-6pt}\BLrule{0pt}%C
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{-3pt}\TR{-8pt}\BLrule{0pt}%D
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{2pt}\TR{-3pt}%E
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{-10pt}\TR{-1pt}%F
\or\BL{-3pt}\TL{0pt}\BR{0pt}\TR{-7pt}%G
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{3pt}\TR{-1pt}%H
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{3pt}\TR{-1pt}%I
\or\BL{2pt}\TL{0pt}\BR{-3pt}\TR{1pt}%J
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{3pt}\TR{-1pt}%K
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{2pt}\TR{-19pt}%L
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{3pt}\TR{-1pt}%M
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{-2pt}\TR{-1pt}%N
\or\BL{-3pt}\TL{-2pt}\BR{-3pt}\TR{-11pt}%O
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{-9pt}\TR{-3pt}%P
\or\BL{-3pt}\TL{-2pt}\BR{-3pt}\TR{-11pt}%Q
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{4pt}\TR{-8pt}%R
\or\BL{-2pt}\TL{-2pt}\BR{-2pt}\TR{-7pt}%S
\or\BL{-3pt}\TL{0pt}\BR{-5pt}\TR{4pt}\BLrule{8pt}%T
\or\BL{-7pt}\TL{-11pt}\BR{-5pt}\TR{-7pt}\BLrule{0pt}%U
\or\BL{-14pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{-14pt}\TR{-1pt}\BLrule{14pt}%V
\or\BL{-10pt}\TL{-9pt}\BR{-13pt}\TR{-3pt}\BLrule{7pt}%W
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{3pt}\TR{-1pt}\BLrule{0pt}%X
\or\BL{-6pt}\TL{-4pt}\BR{-7pt}\TR{1pt}\BLrule{7pt}%Y
\or\BL{0pt}\TL{-5pt}\BR{3pt}\TR{-1pt}\BLrule{0pt}%Z
\fi\fi
%%%%%%%
\settowidth{\px}{\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}}
\addtolength{\px}{\tl} %MOD change 2pt to \tl
\settoheight{\py}{\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}}
\addtolength{\py}{1pt}
\settowidth{\mylen}{\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}\space\CNoV\thechapter}
\addtolength{\mylen}{\trr}% MOD change 1pt to \tr
\settowidth{\pxx}{\CNoV\thechapter}
\addtolength{\pxx}{-1pt}
\settoheight{\pyy}{\CNoV\thechapter}
\addtolength{\pyy}{-2pt}
\setlength{\myhi}{\pyy}
\addtolength{\myhi}{-1\py}
\par
\parbox[b]{\textwidth}{%
\rule[\py]{\RW}{\myhi}%
\hskip -\RW%
\rule[\pyy]{\px}{\RW}%
\hskip -\px%
\raggedright%
\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}\rule{\blrule}{\RW}\hskip\bl\CNoV\thechapter%MOD
% \CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}\space\CNoV\thechapter %ORIGINAL
\hskip\br% %MOD 1pt to \br
\mghrulefill{\RW}%
\rule{\RW}{\pyy}\par\nobreak%
\vskip -\baselineskip%
\vskip -\pyy%
\hskip \mylen%
\mghrulefill{\RW}\par\nobreak%
\vskip \pyy}%
\vskip 20\p@}
\renewcommand{\DOTI}[1]{%
\raggedright
\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@}
\renewcommand{\DOTIS}[1]{%
\raggedright
\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@}
}
%
%%%%%% BJORNSTRUP DEF
\DeclareOption{Bjornstrup}{%
\usecolortrue
% pzc (Zapf Chancelery) is nice. ppl (Palatino) is cool too.
\ChNumVar{\fontsize{76}{80}\usefont{OT1}{pzc}{m}{n}\selectfont}
\ChTitleVar{\raggedleft\Large\sffamily\bfseries}
\setlength{\myhi}{10pt} % Space between grey box border and text
\setlength{\mylen}{\textwidth}
\addtolength{\mylen}{-2\myhi}
\renewcommand{\DOCH}{%
\settowidth{\py}{\CNoV\thechapter}
\addtolength{\py}{-10pt} % Amount of space by which the
% % number is shifted right
\fboxsep=0pt%
\colorbox[gray]{.85}{\rule{0pt}{40pt}\parbox[b]{\textwidth}{\hfill}}%
\kern-\py\raise20pt%
\hbox{\color[gray]{.5}\CNoV\thechapter}\\%
}
\renewcommand{\DOTI}[1]{%
\nointerlineskip\raggedright%
\fboxsep=\myhi%
\vskip-1ex%
\colorbox[gray]{.85}{\parbox[t]{\mylen}{\CTV\FmTi{#1}}}\par\nobreak%
\vskip 40\p@%
}
\renewcommand{\DOTIS}[1]{%
\fboxsep=0pt
\colorbox[gray]{.85}{\rule{0pt}{40pt}\parbox[b]{\textwidth}{\hfill}}\\%
\nointerlineskip\raggedright%
\fboxsep=\myhi%
\colorbox[gray]{.85}{\parbox[t]{\mylen}{\CTV\FmTi{#1}}}\par\nobreak%
\vskip 40\p@%
}
}
%%%%%%% GLENN DEF
\DeclareOption{Glenn}{%
\ChNameVar{\bfseries\Large\sf}
\ChNumVar{\Huge}
\ChTitleVar{\bfseries\Large\rm}
\ChRuleWidth{1pt}
\ChNameUpperCase
\ChTitleUpperCase
\renewcommand{\DOCH}{%
\settoheight{\myhi}{\CTV\FmTi{Test}}
\setlength{\py}{\baselineskip}
\addtolength{\py}{\RW}
\addtolength{\py}{\myhi}
\setlength{\pyy}{\py}
\addtolength{\pyy}{-1\RW}
\raggedright
\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}\space\CNoV\thechapter
\hskip 3pt\mghrulefill{\RW}\rule[-1\pyy]{2\RW}{\py}\par\nobreak}
\renewcommand{\DOTI}[1]{%
\addtolength{\pyy}{-4pt}
\settoheight{\myhi}{\CTV\FmTi{#1}}
\addtolength{\myhi}{\py}
\addtolength{\myhi}{-1\RW}
\vskip -1\pyy
\rule{2\RW}{\myhi}\mghrulefill{\RW}\hskip 2pt
\raggedleft\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\vskip 80\p@}
\newlength{\backskip}
\renewcommand{\DOTIS}[1]{%
% \setlength{\py}{10pt}
% \setlength{\pyy}{\py}
% \addtolength{\pyy}{\RW}
% \setlength{\myhi}{\baselineskip}
% \addtolength{\myhi}{\pyy}
% \mghrulefill{\RW}\rule[-1\py]{2\RW}{\pyy}\par\nobreak
% \addtolength{}{}
%\vskip -1\baselineskip
% \rule{2\RW}{\myhi}\mghrulefill{\RW}\hskip 2pt
% \raggedleft\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
% \vskip 60\p@}
%% Fix suggested by Tomas Lundberg
\setlength{\py}{25pt} % eller vad man vill
\setlength{\pyy}{\py}
\setlength{\backskip}{\py}
\addtolength{\backskip}{2pt}
\addtolength{\pyy}{\RW}
\setlength{\myhi}{\baselineskip}
\addtolength{\myhi}{\pyy}
\mghrulefill{\RW}\rule[-1\py]{2\RW}{\pyy}\par\nobreak
\vskip -1\backskip
\rule{2\RW}{\myhi}\mghrulefill{\RW}\hskip 3pt %
\raggedleft\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@}
}
%%%%%%% CONNY DEF
\DeclareOption{Conny}{%
\ChNameUpperCase
\ChTitleUpperCase
\ChNameVar{\centering\Huge\rm\bfseries}
\ChNumVar{\Huge}
\ChTitleVar{\centering\Huge\rm}
\ChRuleWidth{2pt}
\renewcommand{\DOCH}{%
\mghrulefill{3\RW}\par\nobreak
\vskip -0.5\baselineskip
\mghrulefill{\RW}\par\nobreak
\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}\space \CNoV\thechapter
\par\nobreak
\vskip -0.5\baselineskip
}
\renewcommand{\DOTI}[1]{%
\mghrulefill{\RW}\par\nobreak
\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\vskip 60\p@
}
\renewcommand{\DOTIS}[1]{%
\mghrulefill{\RW}\par\nobreak
\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\vskip 60\p@
}
}
%%%%%%% REJNE DEF
\DeclareOption{Rejne}{%
\ChNameUpperCase
\ChTitleUpperCase
\ChNameVar{\centering\Large\rm}
\ChNumVar{\Huge}
\ChTitleVar{\centering\Huge\rm}
\ChRuleWidth{1pt}
\renewcommand{\DOCH}{%
\settoheight{\py}{\CNoV\thechapter}
\parskip=0pt plus 1pt % Set parskip to default, just in case v1.31
\addtolength{\py}{-1pt}
\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}\par\nobreak
\vskip 20\p@
\setlength{\myhi}{2\baselineskip}
\setlength{\px}{\myhi}
\addtolength{\px}{-1\RW}
\rule[-1\px]{\RW}{\myhi}\mghrulefill{\RW}\hskip
10pt\raisebox{-0.5\py}{\CNoV\thechapter}\hskip 10pt\mghrulefill{\RW}\rule[-1\px]{\RW}{\myhi}\par\nobreak
\vskip -3\p@% Added -2pt vskip to correct for streched text v1.31
}
\renewcommand{\DOTI}[1]{%
\setlength{\mylen}{\textwidth}
\parskip=0pt plus 1pt % Set parskip to default, just in case v1.31
\addtolength{\mylen}{-2\RW}
{\vrule width\RW}\parbox{\mylen}{\CTV\FmTi{#1}}{\vrule width\RW}\par\nobreak%
\vskip -3pt\rule{\RW}{2\baselineskip}\mghrulefill{\RW}\rule{\RW}{2\baselineskip}%
\vskip 60\p@% Added -2pt in vskip to correct for streched text v1.31
}
\renewcommand{\DOTIS}[1]{%
\setlength{\py}{\fboxrule}
\setlength{\fboxrule}{\RW}
\setlength{\mylen}{\textwidth}
\addtolength{\mylen}{-2\RW}
\fbox{\parbox{\mylen}{\vskip 2\baselineskip\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak\vskip \baselineskip}}
\setlength{\fboxrule}{\py}
\vskip 60\p@
}
}
%%%%%%% BJARNE DEF
\DeclareOption{Bjarne}{%
\ChNameUpperCase
\ChTitleUpperCase
\ChNameVar{\raggedleft\normalsize\rm}
\ChNumVar{\raggedleft \bfseries\Large}
\ChTitleVar{\raggedleft \Large\rm}
\ChRuleWidth{1pt}
%% Note thechapter -> c@chapter fix appendix bug
%% Fixed misspelled 12
\newcounter{AlphaCnt}
\newcounter{AlphaDecCnt}
\newcommand{\AlphaNo}{%
\ifcase\number\theAlphaCnt
\ifnum\c@chapter=0
ZERO\else{}\fi
\or ONE\or TWO\or THREE\or FOUR\or FIVE
\or SIX\or SEVEN\or EIGHT\or NINE\or TEN
\or ELEVEN\or TWELVE\or THIRTEEN\or FOURTEEN\or FIFTEEN
\or SIXTEEN\or SEVENTEEN\or EIGHTEEN\or NINETEEN\fi
}
\newcommand{\AlphaDecNo}{%
\setcounter{AlphaDecCnt}{0}
\@whilenum\number\theAlphaCnt>0\do
{\addtocounter{AlphaCnt}{-10}
\addtocounter{AlphaDecCnt}{1}}
\ifnum\number\theAlphaCnt=0
\else
\addtocounter{AlphaDecCnt}{-1}
\addtocounter{AlphaCnt}{10}
\fi
\ifcase\number\theAlphaDecCnt\or TEN\or TWENTY\or THIRTY\or
FORTY\or FIFTY\or SIXTY\or SEVENTY\or EIGHTY\or NINETY\fi
}
\newcommand{\TheAlphaChapter}{%
\ifinapp
\thechapter
\else
\setcounter{AlphaCnt}{\c@chapter}
\ifnum\c@chapter<20
\AlphaNo
\else
\AlphaDecNo\AlphaNo
\fi
\fi
}
\renewcommand{\DOCH}{%
\mghrulefill{\RW}\par\nobreak
\CNV\FmN{\@chapapp}\par\nobreak
\CNoV\TheAlphaChapter\par\nobreak
\vskip -1\baselineskip\vskip 5pt\mghrulefill{\RW}\par\nobreak
\vskip 20\p@
}
\renewcommand{\DOTI}[1]{%
\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@
}
\renewcommand{\DOTIS}[1]{%
\CTV\FmTi{#1}\par\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@
}
}
\DeclareOption*{%
\PackageWarning{fancychapter}{unknown style option}
}
\ProcessOptions* \relax
\ifusecolor
\RequirePackage{color}
\fi
\def\@makechapterhead#1{%
\vspace*{50\p@}%
{\parindent \z@ \raggedright \normalfont
\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
\if@mainmatter%%%%% Fix for frontmatter, mainmatter, and backmatter 040920
\DOCH
\fi
\fi
\interlinepenalty\@M
\if@mainmatter%%%%% Fix for frontmatter, mainmatter, and backmatter 060424
\DOTI{#1}%
\else%
\DOTIS{#1}%
\fi
}}
%%% Begin: To avoid problem with scrbook.cls (fncychap version 1.32)
%%OUT:
%\def\@schapter#1{\if@twocolumn
% \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]%
% \else
% \@makeschapterhead{#1}%
% \@afterheading
% \fi}
%%IN:
\def\@schapter#1{%
\if@twocolumn%
\@makeschapterhead{#1}%
\else%
\@makeschapterhead{#1}%
\@afterheading%
\fi}
%%% End: To avoid problem with scrbook.cls (fncychap version 1.32)
\def\@makeschapterhead#1{%
\vspace*{50\p@}%
{\parindent \z@ \raggedright
\normalfont
\interlinepenalty\@M
\DOTIS{#1}
\vskip 40\p@
}}
\endinput
doc/build/latex/python.ist 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
line_max 100
headings_flag 1
heading_prefix " \\bigletter "
preamble "\\begin{theindex}
\\def\\bigletter#1{{\\Large\\sffamily#1}\\nopagebreak\\vspace{1mm}}
"
symhead_positive "{Symbols}"
numhead_positive "{Numbers}"
doc/build/latex/sphinx.sty 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
%
% sphinx.sty
%
% Adapted from the old python.sty, mostly written by Fred Drake,
% by Georg Brandl.
%
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
\ProvidesPackage{sphinx}[2010/01/15 LaTeX package (Sphinx markup)]
\RequirePackage{textcomp}
\RequirePackage{fancyhdr}
\RequirePackage{fancybox}
\RequirePackage{titlesec}
\RequirePackage{tabulary}
\RequirePackage{amsmath} % for \text
\RequirePackage{makeidx}
\RequirePackage{framed}
\RequirePackage{ifthen}
\RequirePackage{color}
% For highlighted code.
\RequirePackage{fancyvrb}
% For table captions.
\RequirePackage{threeparttable}
% Handle footnotes in tables.
\RequirePackage{footnote}
\makesavenoteenv{tabulary}
% For floating figures in the text.
\RequirePackage{wrapfig}
% Separate paragraphs by space by default.
\RequirePackage{parskip}
% Redefine these colors to your liking in the preamble.
\definecolor{TitleColor}{rgb}{0.126,0.263,0.361}
\definecolor{InnerLinkColor}{rgb}{0.208,0.374,0.486}
\definecolor{OuterLinkColor}{rgb}{0.216,0.439,0.388}
% Redefine these colors to something not white if you want to have colored
% background and border for code examples.
\definecolor{VerbatimColor}{rgb}{1,1,1}
\definecolor{VerbatimBorderColor}{rgb}{1,1,1}
% Uncomment these two lines to ignore the paper size and make the page
% size more like a typical published manual.
%\renewcommand{\paperheight}{9in}
%\renewcommand{\paperwidth}{8.5in} % typical squarish manual
%\renewcommand{\paperwidth}{7in} % O'Reilly ``Programmming Python''
% For graphicx, check if we are compiling under latex or pdflatex.
\ifx\pdftexversion\undefined
\usepackage{graphicx}
\else
\usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx}
\fi
% for PDF output, use colors and maximal compression
\newif\ifsphinxpdfoutput\sphinxpdfoutputfalse
\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined\else\ifcase\pdfoutput
\let\py@NormalColor\relax
\let\py@TitleColor\relax
\else
\sphinxpdfoutputtrue
\input{pdfcolor}
\def\py@NormalColor{\color[rgb]{0.0,0.0,0.0}}
\def\py@TitleColor{\color{TitleColor}}
\pdfcompresslevel=9
\fi\fi
% XeLaTeX can do colors, too
\ifx\XeTeXrevision\undefined\else
\def\py@NormalColor{\color[rgb]{0.0,0.0,0.0}}
\def\py@TitleColor{\color{TitleColor}}
\fi
% Increase printable page size (copied from fullpage.sty)
\topmargin 0pt
\advance \topmargin by -\headheight
\advance \topmargin by -\headsep
% attempt to work a little better for A4 users
\textheight \paperheight
\advance\textheight by -2in
\oddsidemargin 0pt
\evensidemargin 0pt
%\evensidemargin -.25in % for ``manual size'' documents
\marginparwidth 0.5in
\textwidth \paperwidth
\advance\textwidth by -2in
% Style parameters and macros used by most documents here
\raggedbottom
\sloppy
\hbadness = 5000 % don't print trivial gripes
\pagestyle{empty} % start this way; change for
\pagenumbering{roman} % ToC & chapters
% Use this to set the font family for headers and other decor:
\newcommand{\py@HeaderFamily}{\sffamily\bfseries}
% Redefine the 'normal' header/footer style when using "fancyhdr" package:
\@ifundefined{fancyhf}{}{
% Use \pagestyle{normal} as the primary pagestyle for text.
\fancypagestyle{normal}{
\fancyhf{}
\fancyfoot[LE,RO]{{\py@HeaderFamily\thepage}}
\fancyfoot[LO]{{\py@HeaderFamily\nouppercase{\rightmark}}}
\fancyfoot[RE]{{\py@HeaderFamily\nouppercase{\leftmark}}}
\fancyhead[LE,RO]{{\py@HeaderFamily \@title, \py@release}}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.4pt}
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.4pt}
}
% Update the plain style so we get the page number & footer line,
% but not a chapter or section title. This is to keep the first
% page of a chapter and the blank page between chapters `clean.'
\fancypagestyle{plain}{
\fancyhf{}
\fancyfoot[LE,RO]{{\py@HeaderFamily\thepage}}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.4pt}
}
}
% Some custom font markup commands.
%
\newcommand{\strong}[1]{{\bf #1}}
\newcommand{\code}[1]{\texttt{#1}}
\newcommand{\bfcode}[1]{\code{\bfseries#1}}
\newcommand{\email}[1]{\textsf{#1}}
% Redefine the Verbatim environment to allow border and background colors.
% The original environment is still used for verbatims within tables.
\let\OriginalVerbatim=\Verbatim
\let\endOriginalVerbatim=\endVerbatim
% Play with vspace to be able to keep the indentation.
\newlength\distancetoright
\def\mycolorbox#1{%
\setlength\distancetoright{\linewidth}%
\advance\distancetoright -\@totalleftmargin %
\fcolorbox{VerbatimBorderColor}{VerbatimColor}{%
\begin{minipage}{\distancetoright}%
#1
\end{minipage}%
}%
}
\def\FrameCommand{\mycolorbox}
\renewcommand{\Verbatim}[1][1]{%
% list starts new par, but we don't want it to be set apart vertically
\bgroup\parskip=0pt%
\smallskip%
% The list environement is needed to control perfectly the vertical
% space.
\list{}{%
\setlength\parskip{0pt}%
\setlength\itemsep{0ex}%
\setlength\topsep{0ex}%
\setlength\partopsep{0pt}%
\setlength\leftmargin{0pt}%
}%
\item\MakeFramed {\FrameRestore}%
\small%
\OriginalVerbatim[#1]%
}
\renewcommand{\endVerbatim}{%
\endOriginalVerbatim%
\endMakeFramed%
\endlist%
% close group to restore \parskip
\egroup%
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% \moduleauthor{name}{email}
\newcommand{\moduleauthor}[2]{}
% \sectionauthor{name}{email}
\newcommand{\sectionauthor}[2]{}
% Augment the sectioning commands used to get our own font family in place,
% and reset some internal data items:
\titleformat{\section}{\Large\py@HeaderFamily}%
{\py@TitleColor\thesection}{0.5em}{\py@TitleColor}{\py@NormalColor}
\titleformat{\subsection}{\large\py@HeaderFamily}%
{\py@TitleColor\thesubsection}{0.5em}{\py@TitleColor}{\py@NormalColor}
\titleformat{\subsubsection}{\py@HeaderFamily}%
{\py@TitleColor\thesubsubsection}{0.5em}{\py@TitleColor}{\py@NormalColor}
\titleformat{\paragraph}{\small\py@HeaderFamily}%
{\py@TitleColor}{0em}{\py@TitleColor}{\py@NormalColor}
% {fulllineitems} is the main environment for object descriptions.
%
\newcommand{\py@itemnewline}[1]{%
\@tempdima\linewidth%
\advance\@tempdima \leftmargin\makebox[\@tempdima][l]{#1}%
}
\newenvironment{fulllineitems}{
\begin{list}{}{\labelwidth \leftmargin \labelsep 0pt
\rightmargin 0pt \topsep -\parskip \partopsep \parskip
\itemsep -\parsep
\let\makelabel=\py@itemnewline}
}{\end{list}}
% \optional is used for ``[, arg]``, i.e. desc_optional nodes.
\newcommand{\optional}[1]{%
{\textnormal{\Large[}}{#1}\hspace{0.5mm}{\textnormal{\Large]}}}
\newlength{\py@argswidth}
\newcommand{\py@sigparams}[2]{%
\parbox[t]{\py@argswidth}{#1\code{)}#2}}
\newcommand{\pysigline}[1]{\item[#1]\nopagebreak}
\newcommand{\pysiglinewithargsret}[3]{%
\settowidth{\py@argswidth}{#1\code{(}}%
\addtolength{\py@argswidth}{-2\py@argswidth}%
\addtolength{\py@argswidth}{\linewidth}%
\item[#1\code{(}\py@sigparams{#2}{#3}]}
% Production lists
%
\newenvironment{productionlist}{
% \def\optional##1{{\Large[}##1{\Large]}}
\def\production##1##2{\\\code{##1}&::=&\code{##2}}
\def\productioncont##1{\\& &\code{##1}}
\parindent=2em
\indent
\begin{tabular}{lcl}
}{%
\end{tabular}
}
% Notices / Admonitions
%
\newlength{\py@noticelength}
\newcommand{\py@heavybox}{
\setlength{\fboxrule}{1pt}
\setlength{\fboxsep}{6pt}
\setlength{\py@noticelength}{\linewidth}
\addtolength{\py@noticelength}{-2\fboxsep}
\addtolength{\py@noticelength}{-2\fboxrule}
%\setlength{\shadowsize}{3pt}
\Sbox
\minipage{\py@noticelength}
}
\newcommand{\py@endheavybox}{
\endminipage
\endSbox
\fbox{\TheSbox}
}
\newcommand{\py@lightbox}{{%
\setlength\parskip{0pt}\par
\rule[0ex]{\linewidth}{0.5pt}%
\par\vspace{-0.5ex}%
}}
\newcommand{\py@endlightbox}{{%
\setlength{\parskip}{0pt}%
\par\rule[0.5ex]{\linewidth}{0.5pt}%
\par\vspace{-0.5ex}%
}}
% Some are quite plain:
\newcommand{\py@noticestart@note}{\py@lightbox}
\newcommand{\py@noticeend@note}{\py@endlightbox}
\newcommand{\py@noticestart@hint}{\py@lightbox}
\newcommand{\py@noticeend@hint}{\py@endlightbox}
\newcommand{\py@noticestart@important}{\py@lightbox}
\newcommand{\py@noticeend@important}{\py@endlightbox}
\newcommand{\py@noticestart@tip}{\py@lightbox}
\newcommand{\py@noticeend@tip}{\py@endlightbox}
% Others gets more visible distinction:
\newcommand{\py@noticestart@warning}{\py@heavybox}
\newcommand{\py@noticeend@warning}{\py@endheavybox}
\newcommand{\py@noticestart@caution}{\py@heavybox}
\newcommand{\py@noticeend@caution}{\py@endheavybox}
\newcommand{\py@noticestart@attention}{\py@heavybox}
\newcommand{\py@noticeend@attention}{\py@endheavybox}
\newcommand{\py@noticestart@danger}{\py@heavybox}
\newcommand{\py@noticeend@danger}{\py@endheavybox}
\newcommand{\py@noticestart@error}{\py@heavybox}
\newcommand{\py@noticeend@error}{\py@endheavybox}
\newenvironment{notice}[2]{
\def\py@noticetype{#1}
\csname py@noticestart@#1\endcsname
\strong{#2}
}{\csname py@noticeend@\py@noticetype\endcsname}
% Allow the release number to be specified independently of the
% \date{}. This allows the date to reflect the document's date and
% release to specify the release that is documented.
%
\newcommand{\py@release}{}
\newcommand{\version}{}
\newcommand{\shortversion}{}
\newcommand{\releaseinfo}{}
\newcommand{\releasename}{Release}
\newcommand{\release}[1]{%
\renewcommand{\py@release}{\releasename\space\version}%
\renewcommand{\version}{#1}}
\newcommand{\setshortversion}[1]{%
\renewcommand{\shortversion}{#1}}
\newcommand{\setreleaseinfo}[1]{%
\renewcommand{\releaseinfo}{#1}}
% Allow specification of the author's address separately from the
% author's name. This can be used to format them differently, which
% is a good thing.
%
\newcommand{\py@authoraddress}{}
\newcommand{\authoraddress}[1]{\renewcommand{\py@authoraddress}{#1}}
% This sets up the fancy chapter headings that make the documents look
% at least a little better than the usual LaTeX output.
%
\@ifundefined{ChTitleVar}{}{
\ChNameVar{\raggedleft\normalsize\py@HeaderFamily}
\ChNumVar{\raggedleft \bfseries\Large\py@HeaderFamily}
\ChTitleVar{\raggedleft \rm\Huge\py@HeaderFamily}
% This creates chapter heads without the leading \vspace*{}:
\def\@makechapterhead#1{%
{\parindent \z@ \raggedright \normalfont
\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
\DOCH
\fi
\interlinepenalty\@M
\DOTI{#1}
}
}
}
% Redefine description environment so that it is usable inside fulllineitems.
%
\renewcommand{\description}{%
\list{}{\labelwidth\z@%
\itemindent-\leftmargin%
\labelsep5pt%
\let\makelabel=\descriptionlabel}}
% Definition lists; requested by AMK for HOWTO documents. Probably useful
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%
\newenvironment{definitions}{%
\begin{description}%
\def\term##1{\item[##1]\mbox{}\\*[0mm]}
}{%
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}
% Tell TeX about pathological hyphenation cases:
\hyphenation{Base-HTTP-Re-quest-Hand-ler}
% The following is stuff copied from docutils' latex writer.
%
\newcommand{\optionlistlabel}[1]{\bf #1 \hfill}
\newenvironment{optionlist}[1]
{\begin{list}{}
{\setlength{\labelwidth}{#1}
\setlength{\rightmargin}{1cm}
\setlength{\leftmargin}{\rightmargin}
\addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}
\addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}
\renewcommand{\makelabel}{\optionlistlabel}}
}{\end{list}}
\newlength{\lineblockindentation}
\setlength{\lineblockindentation}{2.5em}
\newenvironment{lineblock}[1]
{\begin{list}{}
{\setlength{\partopsep}{\parskip}
\addtolength{\partopsep}{\baselineskip}
\topsep0pt\itemsep0.15\baselineskip\parsep0pt
\leftmargin#1}
\raggedright}
{\end{list}}
% Redefine includgraphics for avoiding images larger than the screen size
% If the size is not specified.
\let\py@Oldincludegraphics\includegraphics
\newbox\image@box%
\newdimen\image@width%
\renewcommand\includegraphics[2][\@empty]{%
\ifx#1\@empty%
\setbox\image@box=\hbox{\py@Oldincludegraphics{#2}}%
\image@width\wd\image@box%
\ifdim \image@width>\linewidth%
\setbox\image@box=\hbox{\py@Oldincludegraphics[width=\linewidth]{#2}}%
\box\image@box%
\else%
\py@Oldincludegraphics{#2}%
\fi%
\else%
\py@Oldincludegraphics[#1]{#2}%
\fi%
}
% Fix the index and bibliography environments to add an entry to the Table of
% Contents; this is much nicer than just having to jump to the end of the book
% and flip around, especially with multiple indexes.
%
\let\py@OldTheindex=\theindex
\renewcommand{\theindex}{
\cleardoublepage
\phantomsection
\py@OldTheindex
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\indexname}
}
\let\py@OldThebibliography=\thebibliography
\renewcommand{\thebibliography}[1]{
\cleardoublepage
\phantomsection
\py@OldThebibliography{1}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\bibname}
}
% Include hyperref last.
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linkcolor=InnerLinkColor,filecolor=OuterLinkColor,
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citecolor=InnerLinkColor]{hyperref}
% Fix anchor placement for figures with captions.
% (Note: we don't use a package option here; instead, we give an explicit
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\RequirePackage{hypcap}
% From docutils.writers.latex2e
\providecommand{\DUspan}[2]{%
{% group ("span") to limit the scope of styling commands
\@for\node@class@name:=#1\do{%
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\csname docutilsrole\node@class@name\endcsname%
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}
\providecommand*{\DUprovidelength}[2]{
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}
\DUprovidelength{\DUlineblockindent}{2.5em}
\ifthenelse{\isundefined{\DUlineblock}}{
\newenvironment{DUlineblock}[1]{%
\list{}{\setlength{\partopsep}{\parskip}
\addtolength{\partopsep}{\baselineskip}
\setlength{\topsep}{0pt}
\setlength{\itemsep}{0.15\baselineskip}
\setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
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% From footmisc.sty: allows footnotes in titles
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\def\footnote{\ifx\protect\@typeset@protect
\expandafter\FN@sf@@footnote
\else
\expandafter\FN@sf@gobble@opt
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\@ifnextchar[%]
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\@gobble
}
\def\FN@sf@gobble@twobracket[#1]#2{}
doc/build/latex/sphinxhowto.cls 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
%
% sphinxhowto.cls for Sphinx (http://sphinx.pocoo.org/)
%
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
\ProvidesClass{sphinxhowto}[2009/06/02 Document class (Sphinx HOWTO)]
% 'oneside' option overriding the 'twoside' default
\newif\if@oneside
\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@onesidetrue}
% Pass remaining document options to the parent class.
\DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{\sphinxdocclass}}
\ProcessOptions\relax
% Default to two-side document
\if@oneside
% nothing to do (oneside is the default)
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\PassOptionsToClass{twoside}{\sphinxdocclass}
\fi
\LoadClass{\sphinxdocclass}
% Set some sane defaults for section numbering depth and TOC depth. You can
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% Change the title page to look a bit better, and fit in with the fncychap
% ``Bjarne'' style a bit better.
%
\renewcommand{\maketitle}{
\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}
\ifsphinxpdfoutput
\begingroup
% These \defs are required to deal with multi-line authors; it
% changes \\ to ', ' (comma-space), making it pass muster for
% generating document info in the PDF file.
\def\\{, }
\def\and{and }
\pdfinfo{
/Author (\@author)
/Title (\@title)
}
\endgroup
\fi
\begin{flushright}
\sphinxlogo%
{\rm\Huge\py@HeaderFamily \@title} \par
{\em\large\py@HeaderFamily \py@release\releaseinfo} \par
\vspace{25pt}
{\Large\py@HeaderFamily
\begin{tabular}[t]{c}
\@author
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\vspace{25pt}
\@date \par
\py@authoraddress \par
\end{flushright}
\@thanks
\setcounter{footnote}{0}
\let\thanks\relax\let\maketitle\relax
%\gdef\@thanks{}\gdef\@author{}\gdef\@title{}
}
\let\py@OldTableofcontents=\tableofcontents
\renewcommand{\tableofcontents}{
\begingroup
\parskip = 0mm
\py@OldTableofcontents
\endgroup
\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}
\vspace{12pt}
}
\@ifundefined{fancyhf}{
\pagestyle{plain}}{
\pagestyle{normal}} % start this way; change for
\pagenumbering{arabic} % ToC & chapters
\thispagestyle{empty}
doc/build/latex/sphinxmanual.cls 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
%
% sphinxmanual.cls for Sphinx (http://sphinx.pocoo.org/)
%
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
\ProvidesClass{sphinxmanual}[2009/06/02 Document class (Sphinx manual)]
% chapters starting at odd pages (overridden by 'openany' document option)
\PassOptionsToClass{openright}{\sphinxdocclass}
% 'oneside' option overriding the 'twoside' default
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\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@onesidetrue}
% Pass remaining document options to the parent class.
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% Defaults two-side document
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% nothing to do (oneside is the default)
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\LoadClass{\sphinxdocclass}
% Set some sane defaults for section numbering depth and TOC depth. You can
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% Change the title page to look a bit better, and fit in with the fncychap
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\pdfinfo{
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\begin{flushright}%
\sphinxlogo%
{\rm\Huge\py@HeaderFamily \@title \par}%
{\em\LARGE\py@HeaderFamily \py@release\releaseinfo \par}
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\@date \par
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% Catch the end of the {abstract} environment, but here make sure the abstract
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\typeout{Adding blank page after the abstract.}
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% This wraps the \tableofcontents macro with all the magic to get the spacing
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\renewcommand{\tableofcontents}{%
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{%
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\typeout{Adding blank page after the table of contents.}%
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\pagenumbering{arabic}%
\@ifundefined{fancyhf}{}{\pagestyle{normal}}%
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% This is needed to get the width of the section # area wide enough in the
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%
\renewcommand*\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.6em}}
\renewcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{4.1em}{3.5em}}
doc/build/latex/tabulary.sty 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
%%
%% This is file `tabulary.sty',
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%% The original source files were:
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%% tabulary.dtx (with options: `package')
%% DRAFT VERSION
%%
%% File `tabulary.dtx'.
%% Copyright (C) 1995 1996 2003 David Carlisle
%% This file may be distributed under the terms of the LPPL.
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\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesPackage{tabulary}
[2007/10/02 v0.9 tabulary package (DPC)]
\RequirePackage{array}
\catcode`\Z=14
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\ProcessOptions
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\def\tabulary{%
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\TY@tabular}
\def\TY@tabular#1{%
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{\ifnum0=`}\fi
\@ovxx\TY@linewidth
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\global\expandafter\let\csname TY@F\the\count@\endcsname\relax
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\csname TY@\the\count@\endcsname
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\global\TY@count\@ne
\TY@width\xdef{0pt}%
\global\TY@tablewidth\z@
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\def\endtabulary{%
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{\uccode`\*=`\ %
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doc/source/arguments.rst 0 → 100644
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Argument validation
===================
CorePost integrates the popular 'formencode' package to implement form and query argument validation.
Validators can be specified using a *formencode* Schema object, or via custom field-specific validators.
Example::
from corepost.web import validate, route
from corepost.enums import Http
from formencode import Schema, validators
class TestSchema(Schema):
allow_extra_fields = True
childId = validators.Regex(regex="^value1|value2$")
class MyApp():
@route("/validate/<int:rootId>/schema",Http.POST)
@validate(schema=TestSchema())
def postValidateSchema(self,request,rootId,childId,**kwargs):
'''Validate using a common schema'''
return "%s - %s - %s" % (rootId,childId,kwargs)
@route("/validate/<int:rootId>/custom",Http.POST)
@validate(childId=validators.Regex(regex="^value1|value2$"))
def postValidateCustom(self,request,rootId,childId,**kwargs):
'''Validate using argument-specific validators'''
return "%s - %s - %s" % (rootId,childId,kwargs)
Please see the *FormEncode* documentation:
http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/Validator.html
for list of available validators:
* Common : http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/validators.html#module-formencode.validators
* National : http://www.formencode.org/en/latest/modules/national.html#module-formencode.national
doc/source/async.rst 0 → 100644
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Asynchronous Operations
=================
@defer.inlineCallbacks support
-----------------------
If you want a deferred async method, just use *defer.returnValue()*::
@route("/",Http.GET)
@defer.inlineCallbacks
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
val1 = yield db.query("SELECT ....")
val2 = yield db.query("SELECT ....")
defer.returnValue(val1 + val2)
This is standard Twisted functionality.
doc/source/conf.py
View file @ 29a983f3
...@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ sys.path.append("..") ...@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ sys.path.append("..")
extensions = ['sphinx.ext.autodoc', 'sphinx.ext.doctest'] extensions = ['sphinx.ext.autodoc', 'sphinx.ext.doctest']
# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory. # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
templates_path = ['_templates'] templates_path = ['templates']
# The suffix of source filenames. # The suffix of source filenames.
source_suffix = '.rst' source_suffix = '.rst'
......
doc/source/content_types.rst 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
Content types
=============
CorePost integrates support for JSON, YAML and XML (partially) based on request content types.
Parsing of incoming content
---------------------------
Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests,
the body will be automatically parsed to JSON, YAML and XML (ElementTree)
* request.json
* request.yaml
* request.xml
and attached to the request::
@route("/post/json",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_json(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % json.dumps(request.json)
@route("/post/xml",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_xml(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % ElementTree.tostring(request.xml)
@route("/post/yaml",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_yaml(self,request,**kwargs):
return "%s" % yaml.dump(request.yaml)
Converting Python objects to expected content type
--------------------------------------------------
Instead of returning string responses, the code can just return Python objects.
Depending whether the caller can accept JSON (default) or YAML, the Python objects will be automatically converted::
@route("/return/by/accept")
def test_return_content_by_accepts(self,request,**kwargs):
val = [{"test1":"Test1"},{"test2":"Test2"}]
return val
Calling this URL with "Accept: application/json" will return:
::
[{"test1": "Test1"}, {"test2": "Test2"}]
Calling it with "Accept: text/yaml" will return:
::
- {test1: Test1}
- {test2: Test2}
doc/source/filters.rst 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
Filters
=======
There is support for CorePost resource filters via the two following *corepost.filter* interfaces::
class IRequestFilter(Interface):
"""Request filter interface"""
def filterRequest(self,request):
"""Allows to intercept and change an incoming request"""
pass
class IResponseFilter(Interface):
"""Response filter interface"""
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
"""Allows to intercept and change an outgoing response"""
pass
A filter class can implement either of them or both (for a wrap around filter), e.g.::
class AddCustomHeaderFilter():
"""Implements a request filter that adds a custom header to the incoming request"""
zope.interface.implements(IRequestFilter)
def filterRequest(self,request):
request.received_headers["Custom-Header"] = "Custom Header Value"
class Change404to503Filter():
"""Implements just a response filter that changes 404 to 503 statuses"""
zope.interface.implements(IResponseFilter)
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
if response.code == 404:
response.code = 503
class WrapAroundFilter():
"""Implements both types of filters in one class"""
zope.interface.implements(IRequestFilter,IResponseFilter)
def filterRequest(self,request):
request.received_headers["X-Wrap-Input"] = "Input"
def filterResponse(self,request,response):
response.headers["X-Wrap-Output"] = "Output"
In order to activate the filters on a RESTResource instance, you need to pass a list of them in the constructor as the *filters* parameter, e.g.::
class FilterApp:
@route("/",Http.GET)
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers
def run_filter_app():
app = RESTResource(services=(FilterApp(),),filters=(Change404to503Filter(),AddCustomHeaderFilter(),WrapAroundFilter(),))
app.run(8083)
doc/source/http_codes.rst 0 → 100644
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HTTP codes
==========
By default, CorePost returns the appropriate HTTP code based on the HTTP method:
Success:
* 200 (OK) - GET, DELETE, PUT
* 201 (Created) - POST
Errors:
* 404 - not able to match any URL.
* 400 - missing mandatory argument (driven from the arguments on the actual functions)
* 400 - argument failed validation
* 500 - server error
doc/source/index.rst
View file @ 29a983f3
.. CorePost documentation master file, created by CorePost
sphinx-quickstart on Mon Mar 5 22:23:38 2012.
You can adapt this file completely to your liking, but it should at least
contain the root `toctree` directive.
Welcome to CorePost's documentation!
==================================== ====================================
Contents: A Twisted REST micro-framework
------------------------------
.. toctree:: .. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2 :maxdepth: 4
intro intro
Indices and tables Features
================== --------
* :ref:`genindex`
* :ref:`modindex`
* :ref:`search`
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 4
url_routing
arguments
content_types
filters
http_codes
async
modules
doc/source/intro.rst
View file @ 29a983f3
Intro Introduction
===== ============
TEST What is CorePost?
\ No newline at end of file -----------------
CorePost is a Python REST micro-framework. It is meant for building enterprise-grade REST server applications that provide
API services to other applications and/or a UI layer (coded in any framework or language).
More importantly, CorePost is an asynchronous I/O web framework (similar to Node.js).
Hence it relies on asynchronous I/O operations, which are extremely efficient, but somewhat more complicated to code.
Fortunately, CorePost does not create it's own async I/O library, but instead uses under the mature, well documented
and extremely well designed Twisted library, in particular its web layer (known simply as twisted.web)
Coupled with a JIT runtime like PyPy, this should give you the ability to develop REST server side applications
that will be extremely performant in production, yet (hopefully) fun and productive to develop.
What is Twisted?
----------------
Twisted is a very mature Python async I/O network toolkit:
http://twistedmatrix.com/trac/
Understanding core principles behind Twisted and its APIs is required (at least at a basic level) before coding any CorePost application.
Hence we recommend either reading the very thorough developer's guide:
http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/book.pdf
or the excellent Twisted tutorials from Dave Peticolas:
http://krondo.com/blog/?page_id=1327
In particular, understanding the core Twisted Deferred object (and its productive inline callback approach) are crucial
to productive usage of Twisted APIs for writing asynchronous web applications.
What does CorePost add on top of Twisted Web?
---------------------------------------------
Mostly productivity features that take of low-level plumbing such as:
* routing request to handler methods
* automatic parsing of JSON/YAML/XML input
* automatic conversion of Python objects and classes to JSON / YAML / XML formats
* simplified exception handling
* custom request / response filters
However, this is a very thin layer. Once you get to write some serious code that interacts with an external system (e.g. a SQL database)
you are writing a hard-code Twisted web application. CorePost is just there to make it easier for you and let you focus on business logic,
while letting it take care of common required plumbing. That's it.
A CorePost application is nothing more than a *twisted.web* application under the hood.
Why would I use CorePost instead of Node.js?
--------------------------------------------
As you develop more Twisted code, you will realize how its elegant and powerful *Deferred* object
(and especially inline callbacks) make developing *readable* asynchronous code much more pleasant than any other solution.
\ No newline at end of file
doc/source/modules.rst 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
Modular REST applications
=========================
A typical case in REST is where you have parent/child resources (business entities), e.g.
::
Customer
Customer Address
Customer Phone
Customer Order
Customer Invoice
Customer Invoice Payment
etc.
This can create a URL structure like:
::
/customer
/customer/<customerId>
/customer/<customerId>/address
/customer/<customerId>/address/<addressId>
/customer/<customerId>/phone
/customer/<customerId>/phone/<phoneId>
/customer/<customerId>/invoice
/customer/<customerId>/invoice/<invoiceId>
/customer/<customerId>/invoice/<invoiceId>/payment
/customer/<customerId>/invoice/<invoiceId>/payment/<paymentId>
CorePost allows you to write small, modular classes that implement a REST service for just a single entity,
driven by URL paths with dynamic elements in them (e.g. the *customerId*, *invoiceId*, *paymentId* path parameters in the sample above).
You do not have to mesh all these different entities in a single class.
At the end, you wrap all of the different REST services in a single *RESTResource* object (which extends the regular Twisted Web Resource object)
and it takes care of routing the request to the appropriate class.
Here is a full-blown example of two REST services for Customer and Customer Address::
from corepost import Response, NotFoundException, AlreadyExistsException
from corepost.web import RESTResource, route, Http
class CustomerRESTService():
path = "/customer"
@route("/")
def getAll(self,request):
return DB.getAllCustomers()
@route("/<customerId>")
def get(self,request,customerId):
return DB.getCustomer(customerId)
@route("/",Http.POST)
def post(self,request,customerId,firstName,lastName):
customer = Customer(customerId, firstName, lastName)
DB.saveCustomer(customer)
return Response(201)
@route("/<customerId>",Http.PUT)
def put(self,request,customerId,firstName,lastName):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
(c.firstName,c.lastName) = (firstName,lastName)
return Response(200)
@route("/<customerId>",Http.DELETE)
def delete(self,request,customerId):
DB.deleteCustomer(customerId)
return Response(200)
@route("/",Http.DELETE)
def deleteAll(self,request):
DB.deleteAllCustomers()
return Response(200)
class CustomerAddressRESTService():
path = "/customer/<customerId>/address"
@route("/")
def getAll(self,request,customerId):
return DB.getCustomer(customerId).addresses
@route("/<addressId>")
def get(self,request,customerId,addressId):
return DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId)
@route("/",Http.POST)
def post(self,request,customerId,addressId,streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
address = CustomerAddress(streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode)
c.addresses[addressId] = address
return Response(201)
@route("/<addressId>",Http.PUT)
def put(self,request,customerId,addressId,streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode):
address = DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId)
(address.streetNumber,address.streetName,address.stateCode,address.countryCode) = (streetNumber,streetName,stateCode,countryCode)
return Response(200)
@route("/<addressId>",Http.DELETE)
def delete(self,request,customerId,addressId):
DB.getCustomerAddress(customerId, addressId) #validate address exists
del(DB.getCustomer(customerId).addresses[addressId])
return Response(200)
@route("/",Http.DELETE)
def deleteAll(self,request,customerId):
c = DB.getCustomer(customerId)
c.addresses = {}
return Response(200)
def run_rest_app():
app = RESTResource((CustomerRESTService(),CustomerAddressRESTService()))
app.run(8080)
if __name__ == "__main__":
run_rest_app()
doc/source/url_routing.rst 0 → 100644
View file @ 29a983f3
URL Routing
=================
@route decorator
----------------
Via a simple *@route* decorator you can automatically route *twisted.web* Request objects to your class method
based on URL (with dynamic paths), HTTP method, expected content type, etc::
from corepost.web import route, RESTResource
from corepost.enums import Http
class RESTService():
@route("/",Http.GET)
def root(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.path
@route("/test",Http.GET)
def test(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.path
@route("/test/<int:numericid>",Http.GET)
def test_get_resources(self,request,numericid,**kwargs):
return "%s" % numericid
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = RESTResource((RESTService,))
app.run()
*Note*:
This piece of code::
app.run()
is just for convenience when showing code samples and writing unit tests.
In a real production application you would use existing Twisted *twistd* functionality:
* http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/basics.html
* http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/application.html
* http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/core/howto/tap.html
Path argument extraction
----------------
CorePort can easily extract path arguments from an URL and convert them to the desired type.
The supported types are:
* *int*
* *float*
* *string*
Example::
@route("/int/<int:intarg>/float/<float:floatarg>/string/<stringarg>",Http.GET)
def test(self,request,intarg,floatarg,stringarg,**kwargs):
pass
Routing requests by incoming content type
-----------------------------------------
Based on the incoming content type in POST/PUT requests, the *same* URL can be hooked up to different router methods::
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
def test_content_app_json(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),(MediaType.TEXT_XML,MediaType.APPLICATION_XML))
def test_content_xml(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT),MediaType.TEXT_YAML)
def test_content_yaml(self,request,**kwargs):
return request.received_headers[HttpHeader.CONTENT_TYPE]
@route("/post/by/content",(Http.POST,Http.PUT))
def test_content_catch_all(self,request,**kwargs):
return MediaType.WILDCARD
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